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Operationalizing Effective Leadership and Coordination Systems for Better Health Outcomes in Ethiopia
No full textThis case study examines how the government of Ethiopia implemented an approach for comprehensive policy planning and mechanisms for improved stakeholder coordination in the health sector. In line with this approach, the government designed an innovative policy intervention, the Health Extension Program (HEP), in 2004 as an integral part of the second Health Sector Development Program (HSDP). This intervention was believed to build efficiency and effectiveness in terms of finance mobilization and utilization and to fill skill gaps and enhance accessibility, which were the main constraining factors in the execution of the first HSDP. However, implementation faced delivery challenges including inadequate stakeholder coordination and engagement and diffuse leadership and commitment capacity among the government and stakeholders. To address these problems, the government implemented various coordination and leadership strategies to leverage the impact of overall involvement in the health sector. This included the creation of an overarching coordination mechanism led by the Joint Consultative Forum (JCF), which consists of ministers and heads of bilateral and multilateral development partners. It focuses on and discusses strategic issues every quarter. The JCF is technically supported by the Joint Core Coordinating Committee (JCCC), which includes experts from the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) and development partners and focuses on planning, evaluation, and auditing and reporting systems. This serves as a coordination mechanism for the Government of Ethiopia and development partners to work together effectively for better health outcomes
Implementing Effective Leadership and Coordination Systems for Better Health Outcomes in Ethiopia (2004–2016)
No full textThis case study examines how the government of Ethiopia implemented an approach for comprehensive policy planning and mechanisms for improved stakeholder coordination in the health sector. In line with this approach, the government designed an innovative policy intervention, the Health Extension Program (HEP), in 2004 as an integral part of the second Health Sector Development Program (HSDP). This intervention was believed to build efficiency and effectiveness in terms of finance mobilization and utilization and to fill skill gaps and enhance accessibility, which were the main constraining factors in the execution of the first HSDP. However, implementation faced delivery challenges including inadequate stakeholder coordination and engagement and diffuse leadership and commitment capacity among the government and stakeholders. To address these problems, the government implemented various coordination and leadership strategies to leverage the impact of overall involvement in the health sector. This included the creation of an overarching coordination mechanism led by the Joint Consultative Forum (JCF), which consists of ministers and heads of bilateral and multilateral development partners. It focuses on and discusses strategic issues every quarter. The JCF is technically supported by the Joint Core Coordinating Committee (JCCC), which includes experts from the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) and development partners and focuses on planning, evaluation, and auditing and reporting systems. This serves as a coordination mechanism for the Government of Ethiopia and development partners to work together effectively for better health outcomes
Why Are Peak Loads Observed during Winter Months in Korea?
Get PDFSince 2009, electricity consumption has developed a unique seasonal pattern in South Korea. Winter loads have sharply increased, and they eventually exceeded summer peaks. This trend reversal distinguishes these load patterns from those in the USA and the EU, where annual peaks are observed during the summer months. Using Levene’s test, we show statistical evidence of a rise in temperature but a decrease in variance over time regardless of the season. Despite the overall increase in the temperature, regardless of the season there should be another cause of the increased demand for electricity in winter. With the present study using data from 1991 to 2012, we provide empirical evidence that relatively low electricity prices regulated by the government have contributed significantly to the rapid upward change in electricity consumption, specifically during the winter months in the commercial sector in Korea
Health Capacity to Work at Older Ages in South Korea: Estimates and Implications for Public Pension Policies
Get PDFHealth capacity to work for the elderly is an essential piece of information for designing social policies in an aging society. Here, we assess the health capacity to work of older men in South Korea and provide a cross-country comparison. Following the methodology proposed by Milligan and Wise (2012), which uses the cohort mortality rate as a proxy for overall health status, we quantify the additional employment capacity of current older men in reference to the mortality-employment relationship of a generation ago. Despite the high employment rate of older men in South Korea, we find substantial additional employment capacity among older men (those aged 55 or more) as of 2016 comparable in size to those found in other advanced countries. We also find evidence that older men are not merely capable of working but are also willing to work, and many of them are increasingly combining pension income and work. These findings suggest that labor supply disincentives for older men embedded in public pension systems in South Korea need to be thoroughly reexamined and adjusted accordingly lest they should inhibit the labor supply of older workers
Progressive solutions to urban woes? Arts and culture as tools for progressive urban regeneration in Busan, South Korea
No full textTRU
Use, Cost, and Digital Divide in Online Public Health Care: Lessons from Denmark
No full textPurpose
The purpose of this paper is to enhance the knowledge about the use of online communication between patients and health-care professionals in public health care. The study explores digital divide gaps and the impacts of online communication on the overall costs of health care.
Design/methodology/approach
This study focuses on online health care in Denmark. The authors rely on population data from 3,500 e-visits (e-mail consultations) between patients and general practitioners (GPs) from 2009 to 2015. Additionally, they include survey data on the use of the internet to search for health-related information.
Findings
The analysis of the Danish data reveals a rapid uptake in the use of the internet to search for health-related information and a three-fold increase in e-visits from 2009 to 2015. The results show that the digital divide gaps exist also in the online health-care communication. Further, the study findings suggest that enforced supply of online communication between GPs and patients does not alleviate the costs. Rather, the number of visits to GPs has not been decreased significantly and health-care costs showing a marginal increase.
Research limitations/implications
Further data should be collected and analyzed to explore the impacts of other institutional factors and population cohort on the digital divide and healthcare costs. Also, it is difficult to estimate whether the increased use of online health care in the long run lead to lowering overall health-care costs. While the internal validity of the study is high due to the use of population data, the external validity is lower as the study results are based on the data collected in Denmark only.
Practical implications
The study offers important input for practice. First, leaders in government might reconsider how they can control the health-care costs when opening online channels for communication between patients and doctors. Second, concerns about digital divide issues remains, but the study suggests that the uptake of e-visits does not widen the socio-economic, gender or age gaps. For health policy concern, this is encouraging news to lead to an increasing push of online communication.
Social implications
The dynamics of online health-care communication may lead to mixed results and unexpected impacts on overall health-care costs.
Originality/value
The paper offers new insights in the impacts of mandatory supply of digital services. The Danish push-strategy has led to an enforced supply of e-visits and a rapid growing use of the online health care without widening digital divide but at the risk of potential increasing the overall costs.1
evidence from South Korea
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2019This paper investigates whether air pollution affects labor supply by exploiting a labor supply-air quality matched panel data on particulate matter (PM) and working hours in South Korea from 2010 to 2016. Using fixed effects panel regression, I find that working hours of individuals are not responsive to the level of PM concentration in general. However, the subgroup analysis reveals that women are responsive to a reduction in working hours if they have young children aged between 0 and 3. Given the epidemiological evidence of children’s relative susceptibility to air pollution, caregiving of the vulnerable dependents is suggested as a channel through which air pollution affects labor supply.1. Introduction
2. Background
3. Empirical Strategy
4. Results
5. Discussion
6. ConclusionmasterpublishedAhram HAN
Child well-being in Korea
Get PDFThesis(Doctoral) --KDI School:Ph.D in Development Policy,2019This dissertation evaluates the effect of policies for children in South Korea focusing on the
case of teenagers. This dissertation consists of three chapters. The first chapter evaluates the impact of a school counseling program called Wee Class by using Difference-in-Differences analysis. The second chapter tries to find the correlation between air pollution and teenager’s subjective well-being within the Two-Stage Least Squares, and discusses policy implication. Lastly, the third chapter measures multicultural children’s subjective well-being affected by Korea’s multicultural policy within the individual fixed effect. These studies found the positive impact of school counseling program on students’ school adaptation, the negative effect of air pollution on teenager’s subjective well-being, and the positive impact of multicultural policy on multicultural children’s subjective well-being in elementary school.1 The Impact of School Counseling Program on Students’ School Adaptation
2 Does Air Pollution Affect Teenagers’ Subjective Well-being?
3 The Effect of Multicultural Policy on Multicultural Children’s Subjective Well beingdoctoralpublishedKyoung Mi PARK
The Impact of Employment Protection on Health: Evidence from Fixed-term Contract Workers in South Korea
No full textIn this paper, we examine the impact of increased employment protection on the self-rated health of workers. We utilize the recent labor reform in South Korea which sharply increased the employment protection level of fixed-term contract workers meeting certain criteria. By applying a difference-in-differences framework to longitudinal data, we explore the causal impact of employment protection. We find that subjective health and perceived job security improved with increased statutory employment protection. Further analysis suggests that the improvement in subjective health is less likely to be driven by improvement in working conditions or health related behaviors.1