KDI School Archives
Not a member yet
4667 research outputs found
Sort by
International Inflation Synchronization and Implications
No full textThis study analyzes global inflation synchronization and derives policy implications for the Korean economy. Unlike previous studies that assume a single global inflation factor, this study investigates if inflation in Korea can be explained further by other global inflation factors. Our principal component analysis provides three principal components for global inflation that are linked to the Korea inflation rate ― the first component is closely related to OECD inflation, and the second and third components reflect China’s inflation. This study empirically demonstrates via in-sample fitting and out-of-sample forecasting that the three principal components of global inflation play a significant role in explaining and predicting Korean inflation in the short-term, while their role is limited in the mid-term. Domestic macroeconomic variables are found to be more important for the mid-term movements of the Korean inflation rate. The empirical results here suggest that the Bank of Korea should focus more on domestic economic conditions than on global inflation when implementing monetary policy because global factors are likely to be already reflected in domestic macro-variables in the mid-term
based on new urban development projects
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2020.This paper aims to propose a comprehensive evaluation model for achieving a healthy urban water cycle restoration. To cope with climate change and environmental pollution, the technical demand for urban water cycle restoration facilities continues to increase. However, this study is meaningful in that the evaluation method was proposed by focusing on ways to improve the empathy and acceptance of stakeholders rather than the technical aspects of the policy.
It reports important factors to be considered by urban policy-makers through a survey of key actors in urban policy, VOC analysis, and qualitative interviews. Also, the expert AHP analysis indicates that a desirable urban water cycle evaluation model should reflect not only its technical benefits but also its vision & goals and feedback process for the ''sustainable growth'' of the community.
Eventually, to ensure the success of the urban water cycle restoration policy, it is necessary to develop a new evaluation model that includes technical hardware as well as collaboration software that can reasonably reflect the needs of diverse stakeholders. To do so, we need to evaluate an inclusive governance framework that converges the opinion of various actors in urban development rather than the top-down government system.1. Introduction
2. Literature review
3. Survey and Case studies
4. Methodology or Research
5. Conclusionmaste
Robust Contract Conditions Under the Newly Introduced BTO-rs Scheme: Application to an Urban Railway Project
Get PDFFew studies have specifically focused on the uncertainty of demand forecasting despite the fact that uncertainty is the one of greatest risks for governments and private partners in PPP projects. This study presents a methodology for finding robust contract conditions considering uncertainty in travel demand forecasting in a PPP project. Through a case study of an urban railway PPP project in Korea, this study uncovered the risk of excessive government payments to private partners due to the uncertainty in contracted forecast ridership levels. The results allow the suggestion that robust contract conditions could reduce the expected total level of government payments and lower user fees while maintaining profitability of the project. This study offers a framework that assists contract negotiators and gives them more information regarding financial risks and vulnerabilities and helps them to quantify the likelihood of these vulnerabilities coming into play during PPP projects
Strengthening Budgeting for Sustainable Development: Uganda’s Transition from Output-Based Budgeting to Program-Based Budgeting
Get PDFThis case study examines how the government of Uganda implemented an output-based budgeting system. Uganda began transitioning from output-based budgeting to program-based budgeting in 2013 in a bid to improve the link between budgeting and national strategic objectives. Output-based budgets were developed to reflect the relationship between funding and expected outputs. The drawbacks of Uganda’s output-based budgeting system included unclear alignment with national development plans, insecure and tedious manual processes, inadequate data access and security controls, and incompatibility with other government budgeting systems.
The program-based budgeting structure allocates resources by program or functional area, in alignment with the national development plan. Performance data inform decision making, either as a direct input in budget allocation or as contextual information for budget planning. The new program-based budgeting system is now online and can be accessed remotely. It provides user and security controls, can interface with other budgeting systems, and stores historical data for future use.
The rollout of the new program-based budgeting approach faced several delivery challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, as well as unstable internet and power connections, which administrators solved by using well-equipped regional centers. Capacity-building workshops for all system users run at regional centers and local governments helped resolve human resource challenges such as a mismatch in skills between the central and local governments. Nonetheless, some challenges remained unresolved, including poor internet connections and road networks that hindered access to remote areas.
The new system has led to better cooperation between the Ministry of Finance, Planning, and Economic Development and other agencies, ministries, and local governments that implement budget expenditures. Additionally, the automation of functions reduces the workload of users. The new system has also aligned budgets to national strategic objectives more closely and further improved budget estimates by providing checks that required the budgeting process to be completed sequentially
policy and managerial implications
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Development Policy, 2020The purpose of this study is to provide implications on policy and management in terms of public transportation by exploring the factors of user satisfaction/dissatisfaction, and the current status of demand and perception on government. Research questions applied in this study are following; i) how determinants of satisfaction/dissatisfaction vary among transportation modes, ii) how the citizens’ perception on public transportation affects satisfaction/dissatisfaction of the users and perception on government, and iii) how the improvement of public transportation service based on user’s demands will affect the level of expected satisfaction and perception on government. This study applies both qualitative and quantitative research to analyze 3 types of public transportation modes including bus, bike, and taxi. For qualitative research, civil opinions were collected from the city website to see the current status of public transportation system. Based on the result of qualitative research, an online survey was distributed randomly to users for quantitative research. A factor analysis and ANOVA test were conducted using the data from survey for the overall satisfaction/dissatisfaction level and its determinants, the existing demand, and the expected future satisfaction and perception on government for the users. The findings of this study could be applied to future strategies towards sustainable development of cities for proper provision and operation of public transportation system by using ICT technology that could increase its efficiency.1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Theoretical Background
4. Hypothesis Development
5. Methodology
6. Data Analysis
7. ConclusionmasterpublishedJiin YO
evidence from firm level data
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2020This study attempted to examine the determinants of manufacturing industry export performance at a firm level. The analysis applied fixed effect, tobit and probit models based on world bank enterprise survey panel data. The finding indicated that the use of website, firm size, firm age, skill intensity, technology, export experience and quality certification are the key determinants of export performance. In contrast, the impact of firm location and foreign ownership are found to be insignificant. The study suggests that firms should consider technology, standardization of process, increasing economies of scale, quality improvement, and certification as key focus areas when formulating export strategy. Firms should make use of internet-based modern communication tools such as website and email to exchange information with clients easily and promote their products.1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
4. DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
5. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONmasterpublishedYohannes Teshome ZELEK
Budgetary Punctuations: A Fiscal Management Perspective
Get PDFAlthough the development of punctuated equilibrium theory (PET) makes broad reference to the bureaucratic procedures that regulate budgetary decision-making and makes reasonable assumptions about the influence that those procedures have on the dynamic of resource allocation, little is known about how the specific mechanisms work. This has led to a call to “understand the processes which lead to friction in greater detail” (Baumgartner et al, 2009). This research examines how budgetary output patterns are influenced by fiscal strategic choices made by governments. We find significant deviations of budgetary output patterns in capital projects, restricted funds, and entitlement spending, thus signifying the influence of fiscal management practices on resource allocation decisions. Furthermore, we empirically associate spending punctuation patterns with the growing democratic institutional development in Hong Kong. By examining legislative filibuster cases related to capital projects, we found evidence associating democratization with greater institutional frictions and consequently with larger budgetary output punctuations
Regulatory Reform for Fostering an Innovation Ecosystem
Get PDFAlthough South Korea has taken various measures related to regulatory reform over the past decades, it has not made significant progress in transforming its regulatory framework. There are still a large number of regulations that are outdated and exist only in South Korea compared to other developed countries. This working paper reviews key measures made in recent years and clarifies critical steps that the country must take to make a successful transition. We first examine the direction of regulatory reform corresponding to the Fourth Industrial Revolution and how developed countries are rapidly moving to conceive the optimal regulatory design to promote innovation. Then, we highlight the major efforts South Korea has made in recent years to initiate regulatory reform and the fundamental challenges that remain. Lastly, we dive deep into regulatory reform for health care innovation, particularly as the government pledges to build a world-class bio-health industry over the next decade. We also approach regulatory reform from a public perspective, discussing how to encourage civic participation through open-minded communication and information-sharing with the public. As the South Korean society lacks trust towards new technologies and data usage, it is crucial to establish credibility of emerging industries as well as a balanced understanding of the potential benefits, ironing out conflicting views between stakeholders
Testing the Determinants of Corruption from Multiple Theoretical Lenses: The Case of the U.S. States
Get PDFThis article compares the determinants of public corruption from multiple theoretical lenses and then tests which ones are more effective in curbing public corruption in the context of the U.S. states. We find that the stringency of state tax and expenditure limits, fiscal transparency, voter turnout rates, unified Democratic control, divided control of state governments, political competitiveness, population with Scandinavian ancestry, and educational attainment are all significantly and negatively associated with the extent of public corruption. Compared with other approaches to curbing corruption (i.e., the lawyer’s approach, the businessman’s approach, and the economist’s approach), those that restrict public officials’ discretionary power and encourage educated citizens’ participation appear to be more effective in reducing corruption in the U.S. states
A Study on the compensation system for hydro power in response to climate change
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Management, 2020Korea''s electric Power wholesale market, introduced in 2001, is a CBP market that reflects the variable costs of each power plant. The purpose of this market is to increase the efficiency of electric power generation and reduce the cost burden of customers by inducing the reduction of electric power production costs. But Korea''s power market is a de facto monopoly dominated by excessive interference from the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and KEPCO.
The main sources of power plants of KEPCO''s subsidiaries are nuclear or coal, which are at high risk of accidents and are pointed out as the main reason of air pollution and greenhouse gases. However, under the CBP system, the operation rate of these plants is high but the operation rate of LNG complex power plants, which has relatively low greenhouse gas emissions, is low. This is only because current CBP market focuses on economic factors such as fuel costs. In addition, very small compensation for hydro power plants, which is clean energy, is hindering the development of new hydro power plants.
Therefore, this study focused on promoting the introduction of hydro power plants in response to climate change. The system improvement was proposed to promote new introduction of hydro power plants by analyzing problems of the current system, adding new elements of settlement, and improving the existing settlement formula.1. Introduction
2. Review of Literature
3. Structure of domestic electric power market
4. Compensation policy of U.S. in electric power production
5. An institutional measures for activating hydro power
6. ConclusionmasterpublishedHoon CHUN