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An Empirical study on the reinsurance decisions of Korean life insurance companies
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2020Drawing attention from academic field of finance and insurance industry, I test for determinants of reinsurance decision making in relation to company-specific features in Korean life insurance companies. Using a panel data design covering 372 firm-year observations for 8 consecutive years, from 2011 to 2018, I observe that high underwriting risk, low solvency ratio, small size, and highly concentrated portfolio tested to be determinants of reinsurance decision. In addition, I take the institutional background of the Korean life insurance industry into consideration and select two ownership structure variables to find their relationship with purchasing reinsurance behavior. Life insurance companies grouped in financial conglomerates buy more reinsurance while foreignowned life insurers cede less risks. Despite meaningful findings, some of the selected company features were not statistically significant implicating further detailed research is required. This study hopes to become a cornerstone for future research in the field of life reinsurance in Korea and may have implications for policymakers and the management of life insurance companies.I. INTRODUCTION
II. LITERATURE REVIEW AND INSTITUTIONAL BACKGROUND
III. HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT
IV. RESEARCH DESIGN
V. EMPIRICAL RESULTS
VI. CONCLUSIONmasterpublishedHyunjee PARK
the case of rural Ethiopia
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2020This study work was based on the idea of “consumption smoothing theory” which was demonstrated based on “life-cycle model of consumption” and the main aim of the study was, analyzing the effect of informal credit on household welfare. Following two stage least square regression analysis by taking average number of informal borrowing participant households within community as an instrumental variable for informal credit in order to avoid endogeneity, the study found that informal credit and households welfare have positive relationship. Each thousand Birr 1 received in the form of informal credit improves welfare expenditure of household by about 4.3 percentage, ceteris paribus. This result was consistent with pervious works of (Kati.S, 2010; Cuong.V.N & Marrit.vanden.B, 2011).1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Data and Methodology
4. Descriptive Statistics, Result Presentation and Discussion
5. Checking Robustness of the result
6. Conclusion and RecommendationmasterpublishedHabitamu Asifawu TONCH
Schooling and Immunization of Orphaned Children in Eswatini
No full textThis paper examines the roles of parental care on education and health outcomes among children in Eswatini. Eswatini is one of the most HIV/AIDS afflicted countries in the world with an increasing number of orphans. This study uses data from the 2014 Eswatini Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS). The logistic and zero-inflated poisson regression models are applied to examine the effects of household wealth, household head’s education level, and an immunization card on schooling outcomes (enrollment status, proper grade-to-age) and a health outcome (the number of vaccinations) of children by parenthood status: non-orphans, single orphans and double orphans. Findings show that household wealth appears a strong predictor for the proper grade attendance of orphans. Household head’s education level is likely to promote school enrollment of single orphans. An immunization card is found effective to ensure full vaccination of children in Eswatini. School fee subsidy programs may be a viable policy option to promote adequate schooling of orphans by lessening budget constraints. The dispensing of an immunization card and collaborated efforts between parents and healthcare providers via the electronic database on a child’s vaccination record are recommended to achieve equity in child health, especially for those with disadvantaged parenthood.2
The effects of information literacy on trust in government websites: Evidence from an online experiment
No full textInformation and communication technologies in use in government systems can bring about expected benefits only when citizens are willing and able to use such systems. Previous studies from various disciplines provided a fundamental understanding of human behavior with technology adoption that focused mainly on the technical and supply sides of this adoption. We argue that it is necessary to move away from an assumption that users form a homogeneous group under the phenomenon of the digital divide. Having conducted an online experiment, this study empirically examined the effects of personal factors, particularly the perceived information literacy, and the perceived information overload, on the user's perceptions on the usefulness and trust in a government website. We find that the higher an individual perceives one's information literacy, the more he or she trusts the website, and this is mediated by one's perceived information overload (negatively) and perceived usefulness (positively). This research provides a more balanced understanding of the behavior of e-government adoption, supplemented with the details of citizen engagement factors, and specifies meaningful practical implications for successful e-government policies.1
The Three Tales of Chinatown: Why Racism Is Not Enough to Create a Race-based Coalition among Marginalized Groups
No full textCross-Border Spillover Effect of Particulate Matter Pollution between China and Korea
No full textGiven its adverse health effects, particulate matter (PM) pollution has become a critical public policy issue in Northeast Asia. As concerns about PM pollution increase, so does the interest in identifying its origins, including transboundaty pollutant sources. Employing the daily average PM10 concentration level data from Beijing, Shanghai, and Seoul in 2014-2016, we estimate the direction and extent of the spillover effect of the PM10 density between China and Korea. Estimation outcomes suggest that the PM10 density levels in Beijing and Shanghai are Granger causes of the PM density in Seoul, but not vice versa. That is, the PM 10 density in Seoul increased by 0.13 and 0.133 ppm in response to the 1 ppm increase in the PM10 density in Beijing and Shanghai on the previous day, respectively. The cross-border spillover effect from Beijing decreased by 0.076 ppm from May to October when the airflow hindered the PM10 sources generated in Beijing from reaching Seoul.1
Exploring effects of water price on residential water demand in Korea
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Policy,2020Management of water resource is pivotal issue globally, while it is getting difficult due to climate change. The purpose of this study is to explore water resource management in terms of demand and suggest efficient residential water demand management in Korea with price elasticity. This study applied data of water usage and water price of 15 regions in four major river basins by considering up and downstream locations from 1997 to 2017. This study applied regression analyses and ANOVA to verify claims. The results of this study found that there are relationships between water usage and price in Korea by revealing positive elasticity. The results also show that there are significant differences based on location and river basins. Findings provide important policy and management implications for the improvement of water resources management in terms of demand. The results of this study also provide signal for the water price that should be reconsidered by comparing water price level of OECD countries. Further the results implied that water management in Korea needs to be improved in terms of supply aspects to cope with climate change.I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Hypothesis Development
IV. Methodology
V. Data Analysis
VI. ConclusionmasterpublishedGiwon SEO
Investigating metacognitive reading strategies with mediating effects of students' reading engagement
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2020Reading skills play a crucial role in education, yet it is considered as one of the most challenging areas among learners. Prior studies have indicated that a great deal of readers face reading issues and student engagement in reading is at a low level. Wherefore, other studies have demonstrated that metacognitive reading strategies and reading engagement are essential to enhance reading comprehension in reading skills. The present study focused on the metacognitive reading strategies used by readers while reading English academic texts and how these strategies affected their reading engagement. The researcher used Survey of Reading Strategies (SORS) Questionnaires by Mokhtari and Sheorey (2002) to explore the frequent use of metacognitive reading strategies by 146 KDIS students, and Questionnaire Items to Assess the Four Aspects of Engagement by Reeve and Tseng (2011) to investigate their reading engagement. The results showed that global reading strategies affected four aspects of student reading engagement (agentic, behavioral, emotional and cognitive), support reading strategies affected two aspects of student reading engagement (agentic and behavioral) and problem-solving strategies affected only cognitive engagement when students were reading English academic texts. These findings will guide managerial and policy implications for students, instructors and other educational institutions to pay attention to metacognitive reading strategies and reading engagement, which are fundamental in reading skills.I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Theoretical Framework
IV. Hypotheses Development
V. Research Methodology
VI. Results and Discussion
VII. ConclusionmasterpublishedNaihean HUO
evidence from municipality and regency in Indonesia
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Management, 2020The main purpose of this study is to analyze relationship between intergovernmental transfer and regional development in Indonesia. This is important to do since during last six years, the amount of money transferred to local governments under transfer scheme has considerably increased. This study is also considered could fill the research gap, in which the studies of this intergovernmental issue are mainly focusing on general situation. Then, for this purpose, data from municipalities and regencies during six years period (2013-2018) are taken as main sample. In addition, this study uses generalized least square as main estimation model. The variables of this study are intergovernmental transfer as main independent variable, annual economic growth as main dependent variable, while other factors such as local’s economic activities, local’s employment, local income, education, investment rate and infrastructure are taken as control. The regression result implies that the intergovernmental transfer along with its two detailed scheme types (special allocation fund and shared-revenue fund) are statistically significant and negatively associated with local economic growth. The regression results also reflect that there are several related variable do statistically significant and associated to local economic growth. While other variable do not so.1. Introduction
2. Literature Review
3. Data and Methodology
4. Empirical Result
5. ConclusionmasterpublishedAziz ABDU
Measuring the Effects of the Uniform Settlement Rate Requirement in the International Telephone Industry
No full textAs a case study of an ex-post evaluation of regulations, in this paper I evaluate the uniform settlement rate requirement, a regulation that was introduced in 1986 and that was applied to the international telephone market in the U.S. for more than 20 years. In a bilateral market between the U.S. and a foreign country, each U.S. firm and its foreign partner jointly provide international telephone service in both directions, compensating each other for terminating incoming calls to their respective countries. The per-minute compensation amount for providing the termination service, referred to as the settlement rate, is determined by a bargaining process involving the two firms. In principle, each U.S. firm could have a different settlement rate for the same foreign country. In 1986, however, the Federal Communications Commission introduced the Uniform Settlement Rate Requirement (USRR), which required all U.S. firms to pay the same settlement rate to a given foreign country. The USRR significantly affected the relative bargaining positions of the U.S. and foreign firms, thereby changing negotiated settlement rates. This paper identifies two main routes through which the settlement rates are changed by the implementation of the USRR: the Competition-Induced-Incentive Effect and the Most-Favored-Nation Effect. I then empirically evaluate the USRR by estimating a bargaining model and conducting counterfactual experiments aimed at measuring the size of the two effects of the USRR. The experiments show remarkably large impacts due to the USRR. Requiring a uniform settlement rate, for instance, results in an average 32.2 percent increase in the negotiated settlement rates and an overall 13.7 percent ($3.43 billion) decrease in the total surplus in the U.S. These results provide very strong evidence against the implementation of the USRR in the 1990s and early 2000s