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Kabul city transportation system analysis and the short-term and long-term transportation planning & policy
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Development Policy,2020The world has witnessed a great increase in motorization, urbanization, population growth and changes in population density over the past few decades. These changes have resulted in heavily congested roads. Congestion reduces efficiency of transportation systems and increases travel time, air pollution and fuel consumption. Kabul, the capital and business center of Afghanistan, is the most populated and congested city in Afghanistan. The increase in population and population density of the city has resulted in increased motorization, hence traffic congestions and air pollution. In this paper the main causes for congestions in Kabul City are studied and the solutions for congestion problems in Kabul City are suggested through case studies of Brazil and India.
From the regression of delay time as dependent and the number of vehicles as independent variable, it has been found that delay time has a positive relationship with number of vehicles (increase in the number of vehicles results in increase in congestion), which suggests that effort should be made to reduce the number of vehicles (specifically private cars) in the city.
From this study it has been found that one of the vital problems related to transportation in Kabul City is the absence of an independent organizing body to manage overall transportation network in Kabul city. As a solution for this problem a new organizing body is suggested that will be in charge of arranging, directing and overseeing the public transport system and will in future steps facilitate the integration of the public transportation system beside central dispatching, a common ticketing and other offices.Chapter 1 Afghanistan
Chapter 2 literature Review
Chapter 3 Analysis of Current Situation of Kabul City
Chapter 4 What is the main reason of congestion in Kabul CitymasterpublishedMohammad Wali AHADI
A Study of teachers' reflective teaching practices on students' academic achievement in Myanmar
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2020Recently, the quality of government schools is questioned and criticized due to evidences on students’ academic achievement data. According to the current educational transformations in Myanmar, teachers’ capacity building and in-service professional development became prioritized areas to develop for students’ quality education. However, the existence of various developmental constraints makes the system to find out the suitable method for teachers’ in-service professional development. Reflective teaching has been regarded as a valuable, convenient and effective practice for in-service teachers. In this regard, it is needed to explore which reflective teaching practices are useful for teachers in current practice and ultimately improve students’ academic achievement and learning. To give implications to policy makers in education field for in-service professional development of the teachers in Myanmar, this study investigated the reflective teaching practices which have effects on students’ academic achievement and therefore can be advantageous for the teachers by applying them in classroom context. This study set up the model and conducted a survey to verify the model. Regression analysis was carried out to find out the effective reflective practices. The findings presented reflective teaching practices of teachers currently in practice which have positive impacts on students’ academic achievement and observable academic competencies. Policy implications have been provided based on the research results, for further development and nurturing teachers’ reflective teaching and also some recommendations for future research limitations to improve.I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Theoretical Foundation
IV. Hypotheses Development
V. Methodology
VI. Data Analysis
VII. ConclusionmasterpublishedPyae Pyae KAUNG
Assessing the impact of a demand-resource bidding market on an electricity generation portfolio and the environment
No full textAlthough numerous studies have examined the economic benefits of demand response programs, the environmental impacts of such programs have been relatively underexplored. This study assesses the impact of demand resource bidding on the wholesale energy market and the environment, based on three years of high temporal-resolution data from Korea. In this demand resource bidding program, successful bidders were paid the system marginal price for reducing their electrical load at a given hour, which in turn reduced the generation of power from various technologies. This investigation of how carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions from existing power systems changed with the introduction of the demand bidding program finds that the program altered the system operator's electricity generation portfolio and marginally abated carbon dioxide and particulate matter emissions from the power sector. It also shows that the environmental impact of the program varied over the course of the day and the year. The modest but statistically significant environmental impact of the demand resource bidding program points to the importance of including electricity demand resources in the discussion and development of energy and environmental policies for the power sector.1
Finding Loopholes in Sanctions: Effects of Sanctions on North Korea’s Refined Oil Prices
Get PDFThe international community’s sanctions against North Korea, triggered by North Korea’s nuclear tests and by missile development in the country, are considered the strongest sanctions in history, banning exports of North Korea’s major items and limiting imports of machinery and oil products. Accordingly, North Korea’s trade volume decreased to the level of collapse after the sanctions, meaning that the sanctions against North Korea were considered to be effective. However, according to this paper, which analyzed the price fluctuations of refined petroleum products in North Korea through the methodology of an event study, the market prices of oil products were only temporarily affected by the sanctions and remained stable over the long run despite the restrictions on the volumes of refined petroleum products introduced. This can be explained by evidence that North Korea has introduced refined oil supplies that are not much different from those before the sanctions through its use of illegal transshipments even after the sanctions. With regard to strategic materials such as refined oil, the North Korean authorities are believed to be desperately avoiding sanctions by, for instance, finding loopholes in the sanctions to meet the minimum level of demand
Effects of US Monetary Policy on Gross Capital Flows: Cases in Korea
Get PDFU.S. monetary policy has been claimed to generate global spillover and to destabilize other small open economies. We analyze the effects of certain identified U.S. monetary shocks on gross capital flows in the Korean economy using the local projection method. Consistent with previous results on other small open economies, we initially confirm that U.S. interest rate hikes are dynamically correlated with foreign outflows and residents’ inflows. That is, not only are they correlated with withdrawals by foreigners but they are also correlated with those by domestic (Korean) investors. The results are mostly driven by portfolio flows. Second, however, the marginal response to a U.S. monetary policy shock is, on average, subdued if we focus on the sample periods after the Global financial crisis of 2007-2008 (henceforth, global financial crisis). We conjecture a possible reason behind the change, an institutional change related to financial friction. If the degree of pledgeability of the value of net worth increases, the marginal responses by both investors would drop with a U.S. monetary policy shock, consistent with our findings
Charting three trajectories for globalising public administration research and theory
No full textScholars in the field of public administration are operating in an increasingly globalising world in which people and polities enjoy an unprecedented degree of connectivity irrespective of their geographical location. The enormity of the global spread of COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 has brought this into clear focus. The purpose of this article is to highlight three trajectories for globalising public administration research and theory. The first trajectory is to build generalisable theories to enhance global applicability. The second is to be more inclusive of diverse perspectives in the mainstream of public administration scholarship. The final trajectory is to scale up the lens of inquiry beyond the nation-state to include global governance actors and organisations. Research efforts that test a universal measurement scale of public service motivation demonstrate progress in the direction of generalisable theory. The broad and diverse body of research on electronic government typifies a decisively inclusive research area. At the same time, the expansion of research on policy networks to the global governance context provides an example along the scaling-up trajectory. The three-trajectory approach outlined in this article provides for a more comprehensive understanding of what it means for public administration research and theory to globalise.1
perspectives of millennial generation
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2020Korean diasporas in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries, also called as ‘Koryo-in’ or ‘Koryo-saram,’ are uniquely situated people groups, who maintain strong national identity despite being displaced from homeland for over 150 years. They embody strong adaptive strength as they have experienced the traumatic separation from homeland and radical transformation of political and economic systems in the turmoil of modern history. With their adaptive strength, they suggest great potential for rich and productive population and focal point of global Korean network against the backdrop of rapid decrease in productive population in Korea. Their importance, especially the Millennials, as global economic and cultural network possessing bicultural and bilingual strengths, deserves more academic and political attention. With the objective to help them construct identities that could more positively define their diasporic lives and their relationship with homeland, this study explores the factors affecting the development of national identity with a focus on the Millennials, and attempts to suggest relevant policy considerations.I. INTRODUCTION
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
III. THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
IV. HYPOTHESIS DEVELOPMENT
V. METHODOLOGY
VI. DATA ANALYSIS
VII. CONCLUSIONmasterpublishedMin Oak HON
what is the mechanism of the world economy?
No full textThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 20201 Introduction
2 Physiology of the world economy
3 Economy Modeling
4 Economy network pattern
5 Economy crises
6 SummarymasterpublishedSeungtae O
한국 공공외교의 현황과 과제
No full text제1장 한국 공공외교의 현황과 과제
제1절 서 론
제2절 공공외교의 개념, 유형, 추세
제3절 한국 공공외교의 발전과 향후 과제
제2장 미국의 인문한국학의 현황과 전망, 2013-19
제1절 서론
제2절 미국의 한국학 연구사
제3절 미국의 인문한국학 연구 현황
제4절 분석
제5절 제안
제6절 요약
제3장 북미 한국학과 사회과학: 현황과 개선 방안
제1절 연구 개요
제2절 북미 사회 한국학의 형성과 발전
제3절 북미 사회 한국학의 현황
제4절 북미 사회 한국학 진흥을 위한 정책 제언
제4장 한국의 대미 지식‧정책 공공외교 추진 현황: 한국국제교류재단(KF: Korea Foundation)을 중심으로
제1절 KF 소개
제2절 KF의 대미 공공외교 추진과정
제3절 KF의 대미(對美) 지식정책공공외교의주요추진실적
제4절 KF의 대미 지식/정책공공외교 추진 사업 정리
제5장 한국의 대미 정책 공공외교 연구: 노무현 정부와 이명박 정부
제1절 문제의 제기
제2절 분석과 평가의 틀
제3절 노무현 정부(2003-08)
제4절 이명박 정부(2008-13)
제5절 소결 및 총평
제6장 한국의 대미 정책공공외교 연구: 박근혜 정부와 문재인 정부
제1절 문제의 제기
제2절 분석과 평가의 틀
제3절 박근혜 정부(2013-2017)
제4절 문재인 정부 전반기(2017-19)
제5절 2000년대 대미 정책공공외교 흐름의 총평
제7장 대미 지식・정책공공외교 해외사례 분석
제1절 분석틀
제2절 중국과 러시아: 반자유주의 가치외교와 샤프 파워
제3절 일본: 현지화 접근과 가치외교로의 진화
제4절 이스라엘: 유대인 디아스포라를 통한 내재화 공공외교
제5절 호 주
제6절 독 일
제7절 개선 방안
부록. 대미(對美) 공공외교 효과증대방안을 위한 PR전략 연구
제1절 연구목적 및 기대효과
제2절 주요 연구내용 및 방법
제3절 공공외교 효과측정 관련 문헌연구
제4절 연구가설 및 연구모형
제5절 연구방법
제6절 연구결과
제7절 결론 및 논의TRU
Endline Report for the Self-Supporting Rural Development Project with Saemaul Undong's Participatory Approach in Myanmar
Get PDFThe Self-Supporting Rural Development Project with Saemaul Undong's Participatory Approach (hereafter SMU) in Myanmar, implemented jointly by Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Irrigation (MOALI) from 2014 to 2019, is the largest rural development project in Southeast Asia implemented by KOICA. Excluding the budget for the construction of the Saemaul Undong Training Institute in Myanmar, the project is worth more than 10 billion Korean won (equivalent to USD 9 million), which includes the budget for the implementation of rural community development projects in 100 pilot villages across nine regions in Myanmar over three years. As the scale of KOICA's development projects has expanded dramatically, and projects with large budgets of over 10 billion won, including Myanmar's rural community development projects, have increased significantly, there have been increasing discussions on how to evaluate various projects implemented by KOICA. The evaluation method used by KOICA can be described as Process Evaluation using Project Design Matrix(PDM), which summarizes the logical framework based on the Theory of Change. While the PDM evaluated in the order of inputs, activities, outputs, outcomes, and impacts has the advantage of being particularly useful for process evaluation, it assumes a causal relationship between inputs/activities and outcomes/impacts and thus cannot be scientifically proven. In an effort to address these limitations of process evaluation, impact evaluation method focused on identifying causal relationships has received increasing attention. Abhijit Banerjee (University of MIT), Esther Duflo (University of MIT), and Michael Kremer (University of Harvard) have conducted impact evaluations applying a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to various development projects since the mid-1990s. They have also received the 2019 Nobel Prize in Economics for their contributions to poverty alleviation and development policies based on scientific evidence derived from impact evaluation findings. National aid agencies such as USAID and DFID, and inter-governmental organizations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank have been actively conducting impact evaluations of their development projects. In particular, the World Bank has established the Development Impact Evaluation Initiative (DIME) in order to evaluate their major projects. KOICA also carried out an impact evaluation, along with process evaluation, when implementing the Myanmar rural community development project in line with these international evaluation trends