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기혼자녀와 부모간에 지리적 거리를 결정하는 요인에 관한 연구
No full textAs intergenerational family relationship is rapidly changing, it is also reshaping geographical distance between generations. The ingrained culture of living together with husband’s parents is decreasing while cohabitation with wife’s parents is increasing. Moreover, as distinct from cohabitation, the new phenomenon called “adjacent residence” has come to the surface. This study aims to explore the current situation of geographical distance between generations in the Korean society and its determinants. It analyzed married women in their 30s and 40s with at least one elderly parent from the 3rd Wave of Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families, using the multinomial logistic regression model. It categorized geographical distance into 3 types: 1) residence more than 30 minutes apart, 2) adjacent residence within 30 minutes, and 3) cohabitation. In the aspect of resources and needs of elderly parents, it considers both elderly parents’ status, their health condition, and each couple’s sibling size. For couples, their children’s age and wife’s employment status/working hours were considered in terms of necessity, and husband’s employment status and economic power in terms of resources. The findings show that wife’s employment status has a positive effect on cohabitation with and geographical proximity to their elderly parents. There is a weak moderating effect of the number of siblings on elderly parents. The association could be different in terms of parent-line. The age of married women is associated with a possibility of living with only husband’s elderly parents. The effect of elderly parents’ needs was found to be stronger among the husband’s elderly parents. The probability of cohabitation/living close to husband’s elderly parents is higher if their married children live in rural areas. Limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.2
Moving Up or Just Surviving? Nonfarm Self‐Employment in India
No full textThe classical economic development literature argues that growth is accompanied by a reduction in agriculture's share and an increase in nonagriculture's share of employment. Yet growth of the nonfarm sector does not necessarily signal increasing levels of development, as the sector may serve as subsistence employment for many individuals. This ambiguity is heightened by a surprising lack of microevidence regarding sectoral and occupational choice and, especially, how government policies impact these decisions. In this article, I make a simple observation regarding how nonfarm self‐employment reacts to market conditions: households and individuals that enter into nonfarm self‐employment for subsistence reasons are more likely to exit the sector when wages increase or when more stable employment becomes available. With this assumption as a starting point, I examine the effects of the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, which increased prevailing wages in rural India. The program significantly decreases days spent in nonfarm self‐employment. In addition, the implied labor elasticity is three times higher than economy‐wide estimates, suggesting rural nonfarm self‐employment is a sector of last resort for many individuals. Additional analyses suggest this impact is driven primarily by two mechanisms: higher wages and alternative options for risk‐management.1
Disability and Occupational Labor Transitions: Evidence from South Korea
No full textWe examine how certain occupational physical requirements affect labor transitions of disabled workers by exploiting a unique feature of South Korean Disability Insurance (DI), where award rules are based solely on an applicant’s medical condition, independent of his previous occupations. We estimate the labor market response to a health shock by constructing a physical intensity measure from O*NET and applying it to longitudinal South Korean household panel data. Our results suggest that health shocks initially lead to a 14 to 20 percent drop in employment and that this effect is greater for workers who previously held physically demanding occupations. Those who remain part of the labor market exhibit higher occupational mobility toward less physically demanding jobs. These findings imply that the magnitudes of income risks associated with health shocks vary depending on occupational and skill characteristics
based on K-water case
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2020.1. Introduction
2. Big data in water resources sector
3. Big data Policy and Technology Trends
4. Big data in water resources
5. Changes of the Data Usage in the Big Data Era
6. In the Big Data Era, the limitations of traditional systems development and management
7. Development Method and Governance in Big Data System
8. Big Data Operation Case in K-watermaste
The Smart Nation: unpacking Singapore’s latest mega-digitalisation push
No full textAt a time when Asia is rapidly growing in global influence, this much-needed and insightful book bridges two major current policy topics in order to offer a unique study of the latest smart city archetypes emerging throughout Asia. Highlighting the smart city aspirations of Asian countries and their role in Asian governments’ new development strategies, this book draws out timely narratives and insights from a uniquely Asian context and policymaking space.
Each carefully curated chapter studies a national or local government-led smart city project and how it specifically relates to local institutions, political dynamics and development challenges in a region that is rapidly urbanising and growing economically. Collectively, these pressing contributions offer a comparative look at the policies and practices of smart cities, seen through the lens of local scholars and experts.
Thoughtful and engaging, this book will prove valuable reading for students and scholars of public policy and Asian studies, as well as those with a specific interest in urban studies and planning, and science and technology policy. Policymakers and practitioners will also benefit from the rich information and up-to-date analysis on offer.1 Smart cities in Asia: an introduction
SMART CITIES OF THE FOUR ASIAN TIGERS AND JAPAN
2 The Smart Nation: unpacking Singapore’s latest mega-digitalisation push
3 Smart-city vision and strategy in Hong Kong
4 Smart Taipei City: understanding policy motivations, approaches and implementation
5 The evolution of smart city in South Korea: the smart city winter and the city-as-a-platform
6 Facilitating innovation for smart cities: the role of public policies in the case of Japan
SMART CITY INITIATIVES OF TWO ASIAN GIANTS
7 The smart city policy of India and its governance implications
8 Smart cities in China: development background, policy measures and implementations
SECOND-TIER CITIES AND SMART CITY DEVELOPMENT
9 Bureaucratic readiness for smart city initiatives: a mini study in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia
10 The smart city as a complex adaptive system: the ebbs and flows of humans and materials
11 ‘Green’ and ‘smart’ in South Korea: conceptions from the state to the citizenTRU
From Rubble to the Korean Wave Hub: The Making of the New Digital Media City in Seoul
No full textDigital Media City (DMC) is an ambitious urban development project on a previous waste disposal site of Seoul. While it had been promoted as the world’s first high-tech complex in the early 2000s, it has now developed into the hub of the Korean Wave, concentrating South Korea’s key media and entertainment industries. This chapter explains how the rise of the Korean Wave and the government’s political and economic aspirations shaped the development of DMC. In particular, we focus on how the Korean Wave, which began as an intangible cultural product, has been translated into tangible urban formation of a planned creative cluster. Although DMC managed to cluster cultural-creative industries, we highlight that intrinsic values of culture are important to further support its creative urban environment.TRU
The North Korean Economy: Sustainable or Muddling-Through?
Get PDFConfronting the continuing economic sanctions, the flood disaster, and the COVID 19, North Korea is now in a critical phase whether the North Korean economy will shift to a sustainable economy or, as it has done in the past three decades, barely manage to maintain at a survival level. To explore the question, this study investigates North Korea's economic policy changes by extracting the keywords from the North Korean economic journal Economic Research, which is a representative state published document. We use a text mining approach to overcome limitations, such as the lack of objectivity and accuracy of the classification of topics in manual text analysis for North Korean studies. Contrary to the conventional assumption that the North Korean economic policies are driven by dogmatic Juche (self-reliance) ideology, we find that the strategy of economic policies differs depending on the leader and political and economic circumstances at the time. In particular, since Kim Jong-un assumed office in 2011, the topics have diversified, and now cover a wide range of subjects on capitalism. Nevertheless, without North Korea's decisive reform measures and international cooperation, it will be hard to observe that the North Korean economy can go beyond 'muddling-through' for sustainable development.1
When coalition falls apart: a case of solidarity building by two South Korean unions in an era of precarious work
No full textThis article examines the external and organizational factors behind the coalition dynamics of two labour unions representing different types of employment contracts - temporary and permanent - that led the 2007 Irregular Workers Movement in South Korea. Drawing on semi-structured interviews, video footage, newspapers and internal document data, we find that while political opportunities drove the two unions to come together, broad alliances that formed around the coalition on the issue of job security for irregular workers caused the union of predominantly regular workers to become marginalized. Organizational differences that initially seemed complementary prevented a shared identity from forming despite collective strikes and became a source of resentment. The varying progress of negotiations not only reduced the benefits of claims coordination and collective action but also invoked otherness between the two unions. Lack of trust and recognition did not allow for even a loose relationship of cooperative differentiation.1
Making Defense R&D Open and Innovative
No full textDisruptive and open innovations in defense have been rapidly diffused among advanced countries as competition between them to secure cutting edge defense technologies has been intensified. However, based on fast-follower model, R&D system in defense in South Korea has long been prioritizing procurement over innovation. This paper proposes the transformation of defense R&D system from fast-follower model to first-mover model. We suggest four major directions of making defense R&D system open and innovative. First, R&D expenditure in defense should be radically increased. Second, GRIs, private research centers, and universities should be invited to co-design high-risk high-payoff defense R&D projects with speedy, innovative and bottom-up approaches. Third, Civil-military partnership in defense R&D should be strengthened by introducing open innovation and information sharing system. Finally, Diverse research institutes should be encouraged to participate in defense R&D; GRIs should be allowed to participate in specific areas of defense R&D, private companies in defense industry should be encouraged to have bigger R&D capacity, private companies with cutting edge technologies should be encouraged to join in defense R&D