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A Study on the improvement of national water supply system for improving water reliance
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2020.The water supply system is a social infrastructure for the development of public welfare and industry, which has contributed to improving the quality of people's sanitation and economic growth. Korea's water supply service has grown rapidly with economic growth despite its short history of about 100 years. Today, safe tap water is available essentially everywhere in the country and, the quality of tap water is also comparable to that of developed countries.
However, behind this growth there are various problems such as public water supply coverage rates and service imbalances in urban and rural areas, profit structures that cause chronic deficits, leakage and water supply service interruption due to aged facilities, and deep distrust of tap water. These problems remain a long-standing challenge. In addition, more systematic water management is required as the risk of water management from recent climate change is increasing while the people's expectations for water services are rising.
The one of the fundamental causes of such problems is the waterworks’ structure which is directly operated by local governments, unlike other services, and water supply management system that is divided into multi-regional and local. South Korea has continued to manage water supply projects in the public sector at the national level to enhance the equity of water welfare services and balanced regional development. However, since many utilities, including K-water and 161 local governments, have been operating separate water supply systems under the control of two central ministries, they have produced various inefficiencies over the decades, including overlapping investments, reduced supply stability and an imbalance in water services.
Fortunately, Korea's water supply service is entering a new phase as Framework Water Management Act was enacted in 2018 that led to the water management function being integrated into the Ministry of Environment. Accordingly, the government is pushing for the reorganization of the water management system, the adjustment of functions, and the establishment of new policies for the rational use of national water resources. I would like to analyze the problems of the Korean water supply system from various perspectives such as structure, process, human resource management and propose a direction for the improvement of the national water supply system and specific implementation measures in this study.1. Introduction
2. Necessity of improving the water supply system
3. Analysis of water supply system problems
4. Literature review
5. Findings and proposal
6. ConclusionmasterpublishedKOO, Sunghu
A Case study on improving social acceptance of renewable energy
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2020.Climate change is considered to be one of the greatest threats facing the planet. In fact, many important organizations say it is the greatest threat we face. The international community is compelled to take measures aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and tackling climate change. Renewable energy is favored as a means of reducing the use of fossil fuels.
Concerns about energy security and climate change are enforcing significant changes in how energy and electricity specifically, is generated, transmitted and consumed. Since then, a series of formal and informal policies, directives, legislations, etc. have been developed to encourage use of renewable energy in order to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, to decrease the energy consumption and to increase the energy efficiency. However, these efforts face many challenges both internally and externally
The South Korean government is also actively pushing for the expansion of renewable energy. However, it is difficult to expand the supply of renewable energy due to the lack of social acceptability. Although society's overall understanding and support for renewable energy is being strengthened, conflicts and clashes over the location of renewable energy facilities are frequent. The European Union believes improved social acceptance of renewable energy facilities is key to achieving renewable energy targets. As the supply of renewable energy increases, the economic and environmental impact becomes scarce, and stakeholder conflicts and confrontations over renewable energy facilities tend to increase.
The profit sharing system can be arranged in three ways. First, public institutions will lead the creation of power plants and residents will secure opportunities to participate in the investment. Second, it is a method in which profits are allocated to members made up of the local people while carrying out power generation projects led by the regional cooperative. Third, through a kind of fund, residents contribute to private projects. If the resident participation business model is refined and advanced to help create social value and create more jobs, it will affect local residents' attitudes toward renewable energy generation facilities and contribute to improving social acceptance of renewable energy in general.Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Literature Review
Ⅲ. Data
Ⅳ. Domestic Renewable Energy Acceptability Improvement Policy and Case Analysis
Ⅴ. Overseas profit-sharing system case analysis
Ⅵ. The way to build an effective profit-sharing system
Ⅶ. ConclusionmasterpublishedLYU, Cheolh
Cross-Border Spillover Effect of Particulate Matter Pollution between China and Korea
No full textGiven its adverse health effects, particulate matter (PM) pollution has become a critical public policy issue in Northeast Asia. As concerns about PM pollution increase, so does the interest in identifying its origins, including transboundaty pollutant sources. Employing the daily average PM10 concentration level data from Beijing, Shanghai, and Seoul in 2014-2016, we estimate the direction and extent of the spillover effect of the PM10 density between China and Korea. Estimation outcomes suggest that the PM10 density levels in Beijing and Shanghai are Granger causes of the PM density in Seoul, but not vice versa. That is, the PM 10 density in Seoul increased by 0.13 and 0.133 ppm in response to the 1 ppm increase in the PM10 density in Beijing and Shanghai on the previous day, respectively. The cross-border spillover effect from Beijing decreased by 0.076 ppm from May to October when the airflow hindered the PM10 sources generated in Beijing from reaching Seoul.1
Power-sharing in an Amazon Community: Tuntanain Communal Reserve, Peru, 2016-2018
No full textIn 2012, Peru gave legal power to Indigenous communities to co-manage a protected natural area in their ancestral homeland, Tuntanain Communal Reserve. The policy aimed to enable the community to participate in conservation activities and benefit from sustainable economic development. Unfortunately, the reality on the ground did not meet the aspirations of the law. There was little engagement by the local population and inadequate resources provided by the state. Indigenous representation suffered from organizational and technical weaknesses.
In 2016, the United Nations Development Programme and the Peruvian Authority of Protected Natural Areas launched the capacity building component of the Ecosystems-based Adaptation program that increased local participation in managing the reserve. The effort included new incentive-based conservation agreements and a leadership school and eco-business diploma program. In 2018, the strengthened co-government structure was able to work through strategic alliances to leverage around US$1.5 million of national funds. The program’s efforts to empower Indigenous communities and overcome implementation challenges holds several lessons on sharing power and responsibilities between the national government and local citizens
panel data analysis in ASEAN countries
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2020This study investigated the correlation between domestic government health expenditure (DGHE) and the rate of infant deaths among ten ASEAN member countries within 6 years period (2010-2016). The required data was collected from World Development Indicators (WDI) and random effects and fixed effects model were used to run regression analysis. Infant mortality rate was considered as outcome variable and domestic government health expenditure as predictor variable. In fact, private health expenditure, external health expenditure, urban population, immunization, GDP per capita and access to basic sanitation facilities were assumed as control variables in the model. The regression results revealed that domestic government health expenditure was negatively correlated with infant mortality rate at 5% significance level. Although private health expenditure and external health expenditure were negatively correlated with the rate of infant mortality, their relationship was not significant. Moreover, other control variables were also negatively associated with infant mortality rate in ASEAN countries. The findings suggest that, in the developing countries like Myanmar, the government should increase government health expenditure to promote better health outcomes such as reducing infant mortality rate through performing the correct allocation and good management of public health funds and it is worthy to consider on investing and providing more for the improvement of immunization programme and sanitation facilities to reduce infant mortality rates.I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Methodology
IV. Findings and Discussion
V. Conclusion and Policy RecommendationmasterpublishedThu Thu Thein
대미 지식·정책 공공외교의 현주소와 개선방안
No full text제1장 한국 공공외교의 현황과 과제
제1절 서 론
제2절 공공외교의 개념, 유형, 추세
제3절 한국 공공외교의 발전과 향후 과제
제2장 미국의 인문한국학의 현황과 전망, 2013-19
제1절 서론
제2절 미국의 한국학 연구사
제3절 미국의 인문한국학 연구 현황
제4절 분석
제5절 제안
제6절 요약
제3장 북미 한국학과 사회과학: 현황과 개선 방안
제1절 연구 개요
제2절 북미 사회 한국학의 형성과 발전
제3절 북미 사회 한국학의 현황
제4절 북미 사회 한국학 진흥을 위한 정책 제언
제4장 한국의 대미 지식‧정책 공공외교 추진 현황: 한국국제교류재단(KF: Korea Foundation)을 중심으로
제1절 KF 소개
제2절 KF의 대미 공공외교 추진과정
제3절 KF의 대미(對美) 지식정책공공외교의주요추진실적
제4절 KF의 대미 지식/정책공공외교 추진 사업 정리
제5장 한국의 대미 정책 공공외교 연구: 노무현 정부와 이명박 정부
제1절 문제의 제기
제2절 분석과 평가의 틀
제3절 노무현 정부(2003-08)
제4절 이명박 정부(2008-13)
제5절 소결 및 총평
제6장 한국의 대미 정책공공외교 연구: 박근혜 정부와 문재인 정부
제1절 문제의 제기
제2절 분석과 평가의 틀
제3절 박근혜 정부(2013-2017)
제4절 문재인 정부 전반기(2017-19)
제5절 2000년대 대미 정책공공외교 흐름의 총평
제7장 대미 지식・정책공공외교 해외사례 분석
제1절 분석틀
제2절 중국과 러시아: 반자유주의 가치외교와 샤프 파워
제3절 일본: 현지화 접근과 가치외교로의 진화
제4절 이스라엘: 유대인 디아스포라를 통한 내재화 공공외교
제5절 호 주
제6절 독 일
제7절 개선 방안
부록. 대미(對美) 공공외교 효과증대방안을 위한 PR전략 연구
제1절 연구목적 및 기대효과
제2절 주요 연구내용 및 방법
제3절 공공외교 효과측정 관련 문헌연구
제4절 연구가설 및 연구모형
제5절 연구방법
제6절 연구결과
제7절 결론 및 논
Corruption and Public Pension Underfunding
No full textCorruption exacerbates state pension underfunding through all relevant aspects: a more generous pension benefit promise, lower actuarially required contributions (ARC), lower actual contributions, and poorer investment performance. By reducing corruption by one standard deviation from the mean, states could have annually saved pension benefit by 10.24% (or, $1,894.64 per recipient), increased ARC by 4.40%, elevated actual contribution by 8.46%, and improved investment return by 4.72%, in the period 2003-2013, compared to those at the mean of corruption. Improved insulation of pension operations from corrupt officials, as well as reduction of public corruption, can make a significant contribution to reducing the pension funding crisis that haunts American state and local government
FinTech Megatrends: An Assessment of Their Industrial and Welfare Implications
No full textThis study aims to assess the industrial and welfare implications of FinTech as documented in the literature, by focusing on its four subsectors - online capital-raising platforms, alternative payment systems, AI and robot based investment consultancy, and alternative regulatory compliance service. Key findings obtained include: thanks to the advancement in the technologies of relevancy since the 1990s, the FinTech service providers have greatly enhanced both efficiency of financial intermediation and extent of financial inclusion in the developed as well as developing countries; these alternative financial service providers tend to narrow credit gap caused by information asymmetry between borrower and lender by collecting and utilizing soft data for ex ante credit evaluation; however, some concerns are also raised as to the likelihood of over-leverage by certain segments of P2P platform borrowers, the lack of appropriate skin-in-the-game arrangement in sharing ex post credit losses, and the inadequate consumer protection measures in the face of the heightened cyber-security risk. Based on these findings, an assessment is made as to whether or not the sector is capable of instituting a full-blown risk-based, or marginal-cost, pricing for embedded credit risk. In addition, one particular segment of the FinTech service providers, those affiliated with BigTech companies, is examined in terms of its potential contribution to social welfare not only through posing a heightened competition and contestability to existing financial institutions but also through innovation- and information-sharing among firms within their ecosystems. Included as the main contents in the study are trends and institutional characteristics of the four FinTech subsectors, financial theories of relevancy, the FinTech’s welfare implications, and the regulatory issues to be considered for the sector.
The Effectiveness of Financial Supervision Frameworks
No full textThis paper examines the effectiveness of five types of financial supervisory frameworks by using 49 member countries of the G20 and/or OECD for the period of 1997-2015. We find that the effectiveness, proxied by the probability of default of a country's banking system, of the hybrid supervisory model is statistically higher than that of the institutional (sectoral) framework. This result suggests that no single financial supervisory model is superior to all others, and creating the best model may require some adjustment of the typical four models.
The Arab Spring, A Setback for Gender Equality? Evidence from the Gallup World Poll
Get PDFCombining a unique dataset from the Gallup World Poll for the period 2009 to 2018 with Wolfsfeld et al.’s (2013) protest index, we evaluate the impact of the Arab Spring pro-democracy protests on gender equality in the Middle East and North Africa. Following a double- and triple-difference approach, we find that protests significantly reduced female labor force participation as well as support for women’s rights. In particular, a one-standard-deviation increase in the protest intensity lowered female participation rates by 3.7 percentage points. Likewise, Arab Spring protests significantly lowered support for women’s legal rights, occupational rights, and divorce rights. Our results are robust to different samples, alternative model specifications, and omitted variable bias. They are also confirmed when using an alternative protest measure from Steinert-Threlkeld (2017). Regarding potential mechanisms, we suggest that a shift in the Arab zeitgeist towards a less secular society can help explain our findings