KDI School Archives
Not a member yet
4667 research outputs found
Sort by
국내 스마트시티 사업에 대한 평가 및 정책제언
No full text스마트시티는 도시개발⋅운영의 새로운 패러다임으로 지난 수년간 학계와 정책서클의 화두가 되어왔다. 우리나라에서도 2017년 ｢스마트도시법｣을 제정하여 현재 다양한 사업들이 진행되고 있고, 스마트시티의 최상위 모델로 평가받는 데이터⋅플랫폼 기반의 스마트시티 단계로 진입하기 위한 시도가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 우리나라의 스마트시티 정책을 데이터경제의 관점에서 평가하고, 본 정책의 경제⋅사회적 효과를 높이기 위한 제언을 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 구체적으로, 우리나라의 스마트시티 추진현황을 먼저 개관한 뒤, 관련 문헌에 기초하여 본 정책의 성공 요인을 도시 및 도시서비스 차원의 10개 요소와 결합하여 분석하였다. 이와 함께 정책의 전략 수립⋅실행⋅사후분석 등 절차적 요인들을 해외우수사례와 비교해 시사점을 정리하였다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 논의한 정책제언은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우리나라와 같이 국가 차원에서 스마트시티 정책을 추진하는 경우, 중앙정부는 이에 대한 범정부적 비전 및 중장기 전략을 제시하고, 효과적인 실행을 위해서 관련 부처들 간의 정책공조 및 민간부문과의 협력을 구현할 수 있는 상시적인 추진체계를 마련할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 미국⋅영국⋅일본의 경우 다양한 형태의 민간주도 또는 지방정부 주도의 스마트시티 모델이 추진되고 있다. 이 경우 대⋅중⋅소기업 및 스타트업 간의 협업, 그리고 연구개발 부문과의 공조가 중요한 성공요인인 것으로 평가된다. 따라서 향후 우리나라에서도 이를 벤치마킹하여 다양한 형태의 공공⋅민간⋅연구부문 간의 협력모델이 구현되어야 한다. 셋째, 데이터⋅플랫폼 기반의 스마트시티를 구현하기 위해서는 무엇보다 다양한 공공⋅민간 소유의 데이터가 구축⋅공유⋅분석되어야 한다. 이를 위해서는 특별히 개인정보의 균형 있는 보호와 활용을 위한 법적⋅제도적 장치의 조속한 마련이 필수적이다. 넷째, 스마트시티 정책의 주요 목적 중 하나인 공공거버넌스 개혁을 실현하기 위해서는 지역별로 차별화된 경제⋅사회문제의 식별이 선행되어야 한다. 이를 해결하기 위해서는, 정책 계획 및 실행 단계에서 리빙랩(living lab) 방식을 통하여 관련 경제주체들의 참여를 확대해야 한다. 또한 정책의 수립⋅실행⋅평가 전 단계에서 데이터와 실증적 증거에 기반한 정책랩(policy lab) 방식 도입도 고려해야 할 유용한 정책도구이다.제1장 서론
제2장 스마트시티 개념 및 평가 기준
제1절 문헌고찰과 평가체계
제2절 평가 영역 및 방식: 문헌 서베이
제3절 국내 정책에 대한 문제 제기
제3장 우리나라 스마트시티 사례분석과 평가
제1절 평가 기준 및 체계
제2절 사례 선정 및 분석
제3절 사례분석 및 평가
제4절 소결
제4장 시사점 및 정책제언
참고문헌
관련자
A Comparative Research on the Variations of PPP Contracts: Availability Payment PPP vs. Concession PPP
Get PDFIt is fair to say that the research on Public Private Partnership (PPP), in particular, on its risk-return profiles, is rare, despite the fact that this form of infrastructure financing has been on the rise during the last two decades in a diverse set of countries. This study aims to fill that gap by offering a comparative study on the two frequently-employed PPP contracts in Korea and other countries - Availability Payment (AP) PPP contracts vs. Concession (C) PPP contracts - with respect to ex post (or realized during the operational stage) risk-adjusted return characteristics. To that end, we compiled an unique project-level data set that covers the performance indicators of those PPP projects initiated during 1995 to 2014 in Korea both at-contract as well as at-operation stages, and applied a three-factor CAPM model to estimate the alpha and beta for those two types of PPP contracts. Our empirical results indicate that: ceteris paribus, AP-PPP entails a higher market-driven risk to the private partners; the systematic risk factors caused by the size and by the book-to-market-ratio have statistically significant effects on the ex post returns; and, the ex post excess returns are shown to be not significant, neither statistically nor economically. Based on our findings, we discuss welfare implications of PPP contracts out of their systematic risk characteristics documented
Recasting China’s Foreign Policy: Focusing on Post-Jiang Leaders’ Authority Building
Get PDFThis article is structured as follows. Part II provides a succinct summary of recent China’s assertive external conduct. Based on the created Assertive Foreign Policy Index, we choose several cases from the sample for the deeper analysis to understand the reasons behind foreign policy decisions. Part III illuminates the authority-building theoretical framework, redefined from Breslauer (1982) analysis of post-Stalin leaders. Through the authority-building framework lens, we can penetrate into China’s domestic politics, having a better understanding of the decision-making process. Part IV explains the specific characteristics of leaders’ authority-building in post-Jiang’s China and its implications to foreign policy. Part V provides an in-depth case study analysis, comparing Hu and Xi authorities and its influence on a range of foreign policy choices they have. Part VI concludes the analysis and provides some insight for further research
A Study on the efficiency analysis of local water and sewage in Gyeongbuk province by using the DEA
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Mangement,2020Local water and sewage in Korea are operated by 161 local governments, so the rates and service levels are different for each region. The difference in water rates by region is up to 3.9 times. The national average water realization is 80.1%, but the realization rate of 96 municipalities with a population of less than 100,000 is only 47.2%. In addition, while the national average water supply rate exceeds 97%, the water service rate in rural areas is less than 60%.
This study aims to suggest ways to improve productivity by comparing and evaluating the efficiency of local water and sewage in Gyeongbuk province. The technique used in the analysis was applied to Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is mainly used for efficiency evaluation. DEA is a type of linear programming used to assess the relative efficiency between Decision-Making units (DMUs) organized for similar purposes, using different types of inputs to produce different types of outputs. By evaluating the relative efficiencies of Gyeongbuk province water and sewage system, it will be examined whether the system is efficient or not. I further analyzed the factors affecting the efficiency of water and sewage systems and suggested implications for efficient water and sewage management.
The number of employees and operating costs was used as input factors for the efficiency of water supply, and the analysis was conducted using the water population, revenue water rate, and water fee income. The analysis results of this study are as follows. The results of the CCR analysis by DEA showed that the average efficiency score was 0.80 and there were 5 effective local governments. According to the BCC analysis, the average efficiency score is 0.87 points and 12 effective local governments account for 54.5% of the total.
The number of employees and operating costs was used as input factors for local sewage efficiency measurement, and the results were analyzed using sewage population, amount of wastewater, and sewage fee income.
The analysis results of this study are as follows. The results of the CCR analysis by DEA showed that the average efficiency score was 0.406, and there were 2 effective local governments. As a result of BCC analysis, the average efficiency score was 0.736 points and 5 effective local governments accounted for 22.7% of the total.
Factors that determine actual efficiency are variables that cannot be quantified, such as geographic location, facility ageing, employee abilities, and job satisfaction. In the future, it is necessary to develop a formula for evaluating the efficiency of local water and sewage, and further empirical analysis studies to verify reliability.
In addition, further research is needed to implement the integrated operation system, including the dam, river, and water and sewage information linkage. And, Further research is deemed necessary to realize the sequential integration of local sewage systems, such as the establishment of an integrated operation system, the linkage of the dam, stream and water supply information, the survey of staff for the integration of water supply and sewage organization and facility management work.1. Introduction
2. Research Procedure
3. Literature review
4. Research model
5. Water Supply Analysis Results
6. Sewage Analysis Results
7. ConclusionOutstandingmasterpublishedJin Kab KIM
Will You Work Less, Mommy? The Effect of Air Pollution on Labor Supply in South Korea
Get PDFWe investigate whether air pollution affects labor supply in South Korea. To address endogeneity in the level of local air pollution, we utilize plausibly exogenous changes in wind directions as instruments. This choice is based on the observation that air pollution in South Korea is affected by spillovers from the neighboring countries, mediated by wind directions. We find that mothers reduce working hours in response to the worsening air quality, and the impact attenuates, as children grow. Children’s vulnerability to the air pollutants and mothers’ role as the principal caregiver are the probable reason that drives the results
Parenting Training’s Effect on Parenting Behaviors and Subjective Well-being: A Randomized Control Trail in Rural China
Get PDFThis paper presents the preliminary findings from the randomized experiment on early childhood education in Yunnan province, China. In the treatment group, caregivers were gathered together regularly to be trained by kindergarten teachers on parenting skills, and extracurricular books are made available for borrowing in the kindergartens. The empirical analysis reveals no significant improvement in caregivers’ parenting behaviors. In addition, parent’s subjective well-being is also not affected. The results alarm the difficulties in changing caregivers’ parenting behaviors in less developed regions, which might suggest that we shall count more on formal institutions such as kindergartens to improve early childhood development
A study on the improvement of water price normalization policy in Korea
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Mangement,2020.In 2014, the Ministry of Interior and Safety (MOIS) promoted a water price normalization policy in order to solve problem of low cost recovery ratio, which is a chronic problem of water management in Korea. However, MOIS's policy to increase water price has failed eventually. The reason why MOIS's policy failed was due to the fact that, first, it did not take into account the various conditions of each local water service and applied uniform criteria in setting goals and promotion periods. Second, MOIS used cost covering ratio and water production cost as criteria to classify policy targets, but this classification criteria had some problems.
This paper suggests policy target regrouping, goal level differentiation, and implementation period differentiation as an policy alternative to increase water price effectively. The research results show that factors related to economies of scale, such as length of water pipe, are significant factors to consider when classifying policy targets. In addition, a 75% of revenue water ratio was suggested as a factor to consider when deciding the timeline for raising water prices.Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Water Service in Korea
Ⅲ. Water Price Normalization Policy in Korea
Ⅳ. Literature Review
Ⅴ. Policy Direction for Water Price Normalization
Ⅵ. Data Analysis and Policy Implications
Ⅶ. ConclusionmasterpublishedGi Jun, KO
Which external shock matters in small open economies? Global risk aversion vs. US economic policy uncertainty
No full textWe investigate the roles of global risk aversion and US economic policy uncertainty in contributing to financial and macroeconomic fluctuations in small open economies (SOEs). We use a panel of forty SOEs that includes both advanced economies (AEs) and emerging markets economies (EMEs) to find that SOEs' financial and economic activities exhibit relatively short-lived and robust reactions to risk aversion shocks, while responding smoothly and persistently to US policy uncertainty shocks, consistent with Bloom et al. (2018). A novel finding of this paper is that the responses of AEs and EMEs are asymmetric: AEs react more strongly to US policy uncertainty shocks while EMEs are more sensitive to risk aversion shocks. These results suggest that the channels through which each shock is transmitted to SOEs may vary.1
Adopting Local Languages as Official Languages: Effect on Women and Rural Individuals’ Labor Force in Burkina Faso
No full textThis study investigates the impact of the use of the main local languages in Burkina Faso (Moore, Dioula, Fulfulde) on labor force participation. Using Ethnologue language data, I compute the relative language distance reduction index, after which I use a probit/logit model and instrumental variable approach to account for language use policy endogeneity. This study finds that the use of the Moore language increases the likelihood of labor force participation by 36 percent, with a strong impact on women at 59 percent, nine times higher than men, and 38.3 percent for rural individuals, five times higher than individuals living in urban areas. The Dioula language exhibits comparable trends, while Fulfulde has a negative impact on individuals. The study recommends the use of local language(s) as official language(s) to improve labor force participation. However, a bilingual approach combining local and international language(s) will be of use to account for globalization and international competitiveness. The findings here may be of use to researchers and policymakers as part of their effort to increase the labor force participation rates of women and rural individuals. Moreover, this research has significant implications with regard to the implementation of language use policies in a variety of postcolonial language contexts
Perceptions on the Quality of Society and Life Satisfaction in Korea
No full text이 연구의 목적은 한국사회의 질에 대한 국민들의 인식을 살펴보고, 사회의 질에 대한 인식이 생활만족과 어떠한 관련성을 맺는지를 탐색하는 것이다. 성인 1,000명을 대상으로 2018년 12월에 진행한 설문조사를 활용하여 사회의 질과 관련 요인을 사회경제적 안전성, 사회적 포용성, 사회적 응집성, 사회적 역능성 등 4가지 조건요인 별로 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 국민들은 한국 사회의 질을 구성하는 각 영역에서 전반적으로 낮은 평가를 내렸다. 한국사회가 위험에서 안전하지 않으며, 사회적 포용성은 부족하다고 인식하고 있다. 사회적 신뢰와 투명성, 공정성이 부족하다고 인식하였으며, 삶에 영향을 미치는 중요한 의사결정 참여에 대한 긍정적인 응답은 절반이 채 안되었다. 회귀분석 결과, 사회의 질과 관련된 요인으로 결혼상태, 학력, 고용형태, 주관적 계층이 밀접한 관련성을 맺었다. 사회의 질에 대한 4가지 조건요인 중에서 사회경제적 안전성, 사회적 포용성, 사회적 역능성이 생활만족도와 관련성을 맺었다. 분석결과에 기반하여 한국사회의 질을 증진할 수 있는 방안을 논의하였다.2