KDI School Archives
Not a member yet
4667 research outputs found
Sort by
Korea’s Inflation Expectations with regard to the Phillips Curve and Implications of the COVID-19 Crisis
Get PDFThis paper estimates the expectation-augmented Phillips curve, which explains inflation dynamics, in Korea. The phenomenon of low inflation in Korea has been going on for quite some time, in particular since 2012. During the Covid-19 crisis, due to low inflation expectations the operation of monetary policy was limited as the base rate approached the zero lower bound. The main objective of this paper is to estimate where and how tightly inflation expectations are anchored. It was found that long-term inflation expectations fell to around 1%, falling short of the inflation target, and that inflation expectations are strongly anchored to long-term expectations, which implies that the low inflation phenomenon is likely to extend into the future. The results also imply that even if inflation fluctuates due to temporary disturbances, it may converge to a level below the inflation target. The slight rebound of long-term expectations during the Covid-19 crisis suggests that the aggressive monetary policy may have contributed to improving economic agents’ beliefs about the commitment of monetary authorities to inflation stability. This may also help long-term expectations gradually to approach the inflation target
Adaptive learning system in a statistics course: An experience in Korea and its implications
No full textAdaptive learning is attracting much attention in recent years as a promising alternative teaching and learning method, and is expected to spread to many countries in the near future. The purpose of this paper is to test the effect of an adaptive learning system introduced in a statistics course in a graduate school in Korea, which was the first adoption of a commercial adaptive learning system in a regular credit-bearing course in Korea. Specifically, this paper studies its effect on academic achievement, distribution of test scores, and the relationship between the time spent inside the system and the test scores, using rigorous statistical methodologies. The paper concludes with recommendations for instructors, universities, and the government, to maximize the effect of adopting this learning system.2
Review of “Is Commanding Korean a Source of Competitiveness?: An Analysis of Publications in English by Korean Economics Professors Affiliated with Korean Universities”
No full text1
the effect of China's foreign aid on African countries' governance
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Development Policy, 2021China has shifted from a recipient to donor of foreign aid, emerging as one of the major sources of development finance. Due to its non-interference policy of recipient countries’ domestic politics, combined with lack of standard definition and dataset of its foreign aid, China is often criticized as being a “rouge donor”. However, claims of China being a “rogue donor” are often without empirical evidence, and some studies suggest more conditional conclusions.
Hence, this paper tries to show if such criticism is empirically valid using alternative dataset of China’s foreign aid collected by the Tracking Underreported Financial Flows methodology which tracks project-level investment by China in approximately 200 countries from 2000 to 2014. Analysis suggests that China’s foreign aid improves rather than undermines recipient countries’ governance quality when ODA- and OOF-like flows are combined. Each flow category, however, yields diverging conclusion with the ODA-like flow having positive impact at statistically significant level, while the OOF-like flow having the opposite result. Also, ODA from the Development Association Committee (DAC) member states have found to have a higher, positive impact on improving recipient countries’ governance.
Thus, conventional criticism of China being the “rogue donor” is found to be partly attributable to failure to distinguish ODA- and OOF-like flow. Considering diverging conclusions of the impact of China’s finance, analysis of the mechanism of the impact of China’s financing to governance is needed rather than accusing China of being the “rogue donor”.I. Introduction
II. Literature Review
III. Data, Variables and Empirical Strategy
IV. Findings and Analysis
V. ConclusionmasterpublishedYurah HON
The Causes of youth unemployment among tertiary graduates in Ethiopia
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Development Policy, 2021This study examines the major causes and trends of youth unemployment among tertiary graduates by considering the gap between the demand and supply side of labor market. Graduate youth unemployment becomes the very critical causes for many nationwide problems in Ethiopia. Youth age groups whether educated or non-skilled can be the reasons of an economic growth if the labor force could be managed properly and used as a key resource for development. The commitment of the Ethiopian government to expand higher education institutions/ universities in all regions of the country contributed for the availability of the more educated youths regardless of the skills required by the private sector and public sectors. Most of the graduates are facing a problem of secured jobs both from government and private sector sides. This makes the youth and their families frustrated and cut their hopes of leading a better life after graduation. The study was mainly based on descriptive analysis (both qualitative and quantitative data). 637 graduate youths are selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling technique to collect primary data. The respondents were accessed both physically and online using social media from different areas of the country via questionnaire and interviews. The data collected through different techniques were examined for that reason to the objectives of the study. The results of the study showed that lack of entrepreneurship skill, low education quality, huge rural urban migration, mismatch of skill with the labour market and higher population growth were among the main causes of tertiary graduate unemployment in Ethiopia.Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Literature Review
Chapter 3 Research Designs and Methodological issues
Chapter 4 Data Presentation, Result and Discussion
Chapter 5 Conclusion and RecommendationmasterpublishedMeaza Ambachew MEKONNE
the relationship
Get PDFThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2021By virtue of its growing trends, volume, and dependency, migrants’ remittances have proven to be an incredibly significant source of external finance in the international capital market in contemporary times. Even more so, the question of whether remittance has a substantial impact on the growth of economies as it interplays with other traditional influencers of growth such as financial development, is one of the most widely researched questions amongst scholars. This study was commissioned to observe the connexion between migrant remittances and the growth of economies as well as the combined effects on growth, of migrants’ remittances and the advancement of the financial sector. The question of whether remittance works with financial development as a complement or substitute was also explored. We utilized an up-to-date panel data set of 64 countries over a 30-year period whilst employing the system GMM approach to control for potential endogeneity. The results from the study indicate that on its own, remittance has a positive but slightly inconsequential effect on growth. However, the variable proved to be positively significant in its interplay with the advancement of the financial sector as evidenced by the positive coefficient on the interaction terms. These findings lend credence to the postulation of previous studies such as Mundaca (2009) and Bettin and Zazzaro (2012), both of which indicates a complementarity effect of remittance and financial development. We concluded that remittance’s relationship on the growth of economies is positive, and that it works complementarily with financial development to foster the growth of economies.1 INTRODUCTION
2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
3 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY
4 PRESENTATION OF RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5 CONCLUSION AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONmasterpublishedAbel Chukwu SHELTO
Climate change and smart cities : a study on the application methods of water circulation technologies for smart city
Get PDFThesis(Master) --KDI School:Master of Public Management,2021.Ⅰ. Introduction
Ⅱ. Literature Review
Ⅲ. Smart city
Ⅳ. Action Plan
Ⅴ. ConclusionOutstandingOutstandingmasterpublishe
Vaccination Acceptance for COVID-19: Implications of Trust in Government
No full text코로나19 백신접종이 국민 개개인의 참여를 통해 이루어지는 정부 정책이라는 점에서 정부신뢰는 백신수용성과 밀접한 관련성을 가질 수 있다. 본 연구는 정부신뢰 수준에 따라 백신수용성이 어떻게 달라지는지 분석하였다. 또 정부신뢰와 백신수용성을 설명하는 다른 요인들로 지지 정당과 정치성향별 차이를 분석하였다. 분석자료로는 ‘코로나19 시대, 한국인의 가족 및 결혼에 대한 가치관 조사’를 활용하였다. 이 설문조사는 2021년 2월에 25세부터 49세까지 2천명을 대상으로 실시된 것이다. 백신수용성을 종속변수로 하고 이항 로지스틱 회귀분석을 수행한 결과, 정부신뢰가 높을수록 백신수용성이 높았다. 가장 정부를 신뢰하는 집단과 그렇지 못한 집단 간의 백신수용성 차이는 18.5%p였다. 지지 정당별로도 백신수용성이 달랐는데, 여당 대비 야당에서 백신수용성이 낮았다. 뚜렷한 지지 정당이 없는 무당층에서도 야당과 비슷하게 백신수용성이 달랐다. 이러한 특성들은 통제변수들을 추가한 경우에도 통계적으로 유의성이 유지되었다. 이 연구 결과는 백신수용성 제고를 위해서는 정부신뢰를 공고히 해야 하고, 특정 정파를 넘어서서 전체 국민의 참여를 이끌어내는 것이 중요하다는 함의를 지닌다. 정부와 정치권뿐 아니라 언론에서도 백신접종 문제는 정파적 논쟁으로 소모하지 않도록 주의해야 할 것이다.
COVID-19 vaccination acceptance has a relationship with trust in government in that success of vaccination policy depends on the voluntary participation from citizens. We explore the level of vaccination acceptance by the degree of trust in government. We also examine the impact of political attitude and party preference on vaccination acceptance. We analyze “the Survey on Koreans’ Set of Values Regarding Marriage and Family in the COVID-19 Era” which surveyed nationally representative 2000 samples aged 25-49 of South Korea in early February, 2021. Using the binary logistic regression analysis, we found that trust in government is positively associated with vaccination acceptance trait. The people who prefer the opposition party are more likely to hesitate to get vaccinated. These results are statistically significant even after controlling for demographic and socio-economic status variables. The findings imply that political leadership which overcome partisan interests is important to reach mass-immunization by vaccination.2
Inequality and Social Identity: Micro-Level Evidence Using a Measure of Perceived Economic Position
Get PDFAlthough several theories have it that income inequality shapes social identity formation,there has been hardly any conclusive evidence in large multi ethnic environments. A recent wave of scholarship attributes the absence of such results to the use of objective measures of inequality. Drawing from this strand of the literature, we test the hypothesis that perceived inequality dissipates the sense of belonging to a nation. Employing individual level survey data from 3-7 rounds of the Afrobarometer, we find that individuals reporting higher inequality tend to identify less with their nation vis a vis their ethnicity. The results are robust to accounting for reverse causation as well as to the inclusion of controls and are not driven by unobservables. We get suggestive evidence that violence and negative “sociotropic” evaluations are the mechanisms as to why inequality reinforces sub-national identity
Public Opinions on Inter-Korean Economic Cooperation: A Survey Analysis
Get PDFThis research attempts to provide an in-depth analysis of the public perceptions of inter-Korean economic cooperation. KDI survey data with a sample size of 1,000 were subjected to empirical analyses. By means of ordered logit estimations, we derive the following results. First, there is a significant effect of age on economic cooperation perceptions, where younger generations tend to be more negative. Second, the group who has positive view on the economic cooperation tends to prefer large-scale, domestic-entity-funded cooperation projects, whereas the group who has negative view tends to prefer small-scale projects and projects funded by international organizations. According to these results, prioritizing trade with the involvement of international organizations is likely to be an effective measure to alleviate potential political constraints and to achieve sustainable long-run economic cooperation systems when pursuing the economic cooperation