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public-private partnerships
Full text linkThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2022Despite the efforts being made globally to achieve sustainable development through public-private partnership projects, the number of canceled projects remains higher than concluded projects. Yet, we know very little about what determines the success of a PPP project. Review of the critical success factors (CSFs) that determine the success of PPP projects are outdated, and even when some information is available, it almost exclusively relies on qualitative case examinations. This paper attempts to fill this gap by first reviewing the existing literature to determine the list of CSFs. Then, via regression modeling, the paper attempts to determine a quantitative readiness index on the success of PPPs via four main groups: macroeconomic situation, favorable market conditions, governance & political climate, and regulatory & institutional environment. Based on the literature review, the study reveals the importance of nine CSFs: project type, project sector, contract period, private ownership, project financials, change in nations’ Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the consumer price index (CPI), income level target of the project, and the number of bids for a project. Using these factors as independent variables in a multivariate regression model, the paper finds that the factors identified explain over 71% of the variations in PPP success.INTRODUCTION
LITERATURE REVIEW
DATA SOURCING, SAMPLING, & METHODOLOGY
POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS AND FINAL CONCLUSIONSmasterpublishedRavi Shankar PANDI
Lifestyle segmentation of older Koreans: a longitudinal comparison of segments and life satisfaction
No full textPurpose Aging is a global phenomenon for many countries, and South Korea has become the fastest aging country in the world. The purpose of this study is to identify and validate a representative typology of older Koreans based on their lifestyle and value orientations. This study also makes a longitudinal comparison of these segments in two waves using similar survey data collected in 2009 and 2017 and examines any meaningful changes that occurred during the periods. Design/methodology/approach Using survey data collected from 750 older adults living in four major cities in Korea, this study conducted factor and cluster analysis to identify lifestyle segmentation of elderly Koreans. Both descriptive and mean comparison analyses are followed to characterize the segments with relevant demographic and behavioral variables. In addition, this study makes a longitudinal comparison of these segments in two waves (2009 and 2017) and examines any meaningful changes that occurred during the periods. Findings Six distinctive lifestyle segments of elderly Koreans are identified. The longitudinal comparison reveals some changes that occurred during the period. The level of importance of values and things to own has been declined during the period on most of the aspects, which can be interpreted that older Koreans become more realistic and practical. The level of life satisfaction between the two periods turned out to be similar. However, satisfaction in material comfort and health has been improved during the period, which means that the perception of their financial and physical aspects has been improved over the years. Originality/value First, based on Tempest et al.'s three grey discontinuity framework (2002), the segmentation model provides comprehensive coverage of psychological transitions experienced by older people due to economic, physical and mental discontinuities with age. Second, this might be the first longitudinal study to examine the changes in segmentation over time in terms of the lifestyle of older adults. Practically, the findings of this study provide useful insights for policymakers in developing aging-related policies as well as for marketers who are interested or currently doing business in Korea or Asian consumer markets.1
the case of Southern African Development Community (2000-2020)
Full text linkThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Development Policy, 2022The paper assesses tax revenue performance in the Southern African Development Community by empirically estimating the member countries’ tax capacity and tax effort to determine member states that are near or far from their tax capacity using the standard regression approach. Tax revenue mobilization is of paramount importance for a country’s development and subsequent regional socioeconomic development; therefore, it is imperative to heighten the understanding of whether the current tax systems in the region provide enough tax revenue to meet public expenditure needs. Literature suggests that several economic, demographic, and institutional aspects restrict tax collections. In this regard, the study finds that the level of economic growth, financial deepening, and trade openness positively and significantly influence tax revenue mobilization. On the other side, urbanization, the share of agriculture in GDP, and the size of the shadow economy are negatively and significantly impacting on tax capacity. More so, the low levels of governance quality are having detrimental effects on tax collection and the effect is larger compared to other determinants. Overall low tax collection in the region is attributable to both low tax capacity and administrative inefficiencies. It is also established in the study that the impact of changes in tax structure and systems and external shocks should not be overlooked. The ranking of member countries into different groups of performers has assisted in providing broad guidance for tax policy design and reforms. However, the cross-cutting issue is the need for improving governance to build effective and efficient systems.1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND
2 OVERVIEW OF SADC TAX STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS
3 SCHOLARHIP REVIEW
4 METHODS, DATA, AND DATA SOURCES
5 PRESENTATION OF RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
6 CONCLUSION, POLICY IMPLICATIONS AND AREAS FOR FURTHER STUDYmasterpublishedKlery CHIKWED
empirical evidence from Tanzania (1990-2020)
Full text linkThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Development Policy, 2022This paper uses the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to analyze the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on Tanzania''s economic growth rate. This paper aim to ascertain if inflows of foreign direct investment impact positively or negatively, the real GDP growth rate in the long run. Time series annual data of relevant macroeconomic variables have been used from 1990 to 2020. The paper revealed a statistically significant positive association between real GDP growth rate and FDI inflow to GDP ratio. On the other hand, the study revealed a negative correlation between gross fixed capital formation to GDP ratio and the real GDP growth rate which may be caused by the current situation of public investment. In order to promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth in Tanzania, it is suggested in this paper that the government continues upgrading its policies regarding inward foreign direct investments, public investment, and the export sector.1. INTRODUCTION
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
3. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
4. QUANTITATIVE RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
5. CONCLUSIONmasterpublishedNorbert Zavery MWITT
The Impact of the Low-Cost Green Car (LCGC) program on the domestic market and export of passenger cars in Indonesia
Full text linkThesis(Master) -- KDI School: Master of Public Policy, 2022Concerns over greenhouse gases (GHG) and energy security have led countries to create automotive development policies that promote green development, sustainable growth, and industrial upgrading. In 2013, the Indonesian Government introduced the Low-Cost Green Cars (LCGC) program as a fiscal incentive policy targeting the development of fuel-efficient and low-emission small passenger cars with an internal combustion engine (ICE). This research exploits the LCGC program incentive to a particular car model as an instrument to find the program’s effect on the domestic market, production, and export. The difference in difference (DD) model is used to study the effect by comparing the similar vehicle segment in the control group that is not covered by tax incentives. The combination of the DD method with the initial matching design is intended to minimize bias. The monthly and annual panel data of sales, production, export, and other variables are used from 2011 to 2015 to examine pre and postintervention effects. The result shows that the LCGC program significantly increases domestic market sales and production in all models. Meantime, its impact on export is also shown to positive but it is relatively small compared to those on domestic sales and production. The analytic results generally indicate that the LCGC program with fiscal incentive policy succeeded in boosting the domestic market, production, and export of eco-friendly and low-cost small passenger vehicles.I. Introduction
II. Literature review
III. Hypotheses development
IV. Research method
V. Empirical Results
VI. Conclusion and Policy Implication
VII. Limitations and Future studyOutstandingmasterpublishedKemal RASYA
The Effect of Participation in the TikTok Challenge on the Evaluation of Carbon Neutrality: Moderated Mediation Effect of TikTok Challenge Attitude and Trust in Government
No full text본 연구는 시민들의 탄소 중립에 대한 평가를 높이는 방안으로 소셜 미디어 챌린지 참여가 미치는 영향을 검증하고자 하였다. 소셜 미디어는 MZ 세대의 대표적인 매체로 실시간 상호작용과 자유로운 의견 교환이라는 강점을 갖는다. 이에 본 연구에서는 소셜 미디어 중 틱톡(TikTok) 어플을 통한 탄소 중립 캠페인 참여가 사람들의 인식 개선에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 하였다. 연구 결과 틱톡 챌린지 참여 조건의 참가자는 비참여 조건의 참가자에 비해 탄소 중립에 대한 평가가 높았으며(가설 1), 탄소 중립에 대한 평가에 미치는 영향은 틱톡 챌린지 태도에 의해 매개된다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다(가설 2). 끝으로 캠페인 참여의 효과를 조절하는 변인으로 정부 신뢰를 확인한 결과 정부 신뢰는 틱톡 챌린지에 참여하지 않은 사람들에게도 탄소 중립에 대한 인식을 높여주는 요인임을 조절된 매개모형의 검증을 통해 확인할 수 있었다(가설 3). 이와 같은 연구 결과는 전 지구적으로 중요한 이슈인 환경 보호를 위해 탄소 중립 정책을 홍보하면서 소셜 미디어 캠페인 참여가 효과적인 전략이 될 수 있다는 것을 시사한다.2
Local and Global Experience Curves for Lumpy and Granular Energy Technologies
No full textCurrent electricity generation systems have been dominated by lumpy energy technologies (e.g., coal-fired and nuclear plants) because the electricity they create has been cheaper than that generated from granular technologies (e.g., solar and wind). Accelerating the development and deployment of low-carbon technologies to mitigate climate change will require a better understanding of how lumpy and granular technology innovations work to reduce domestic and foreign technology costs. We estimated one-factor and two-factor experience curves to identify drivers and assess the relative importance of local and global learning experiences in Korea’s climate change mitigation efforts between lumpy and granular energy technologies. The results suggest that granular technologies are likely to play a key role in mitigating climate change due to a rapid decline in its cost. Further tapping the local potential of cost reduction in granular technologies will require decreasing the soft costs of solar technologies and ramping up wind power plant installations. The results also suggest that knowledge spillover is relatively limited and slow for lumpy technologies, but frequent and fast for granular technologies. To maximise the spillover of global learning to local innovators, policy makers should improve the absorptive capacity of a country and strengthen the global network ties of local firms
Understanding the role of new media literacy in the diffusion of unverified information during the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textNew media literacy (NML) is an emerging construct of great value in a digital age in which information overload threatens the well-being of society. Among the scarcity of available research going beyond a theoretical conceptualization of NML and using structural equational modeling, we explored the influence of NML on media trust, perception of fake news, and fact-checking motivation that underlie the dissemination of unverified information during the COVID-19 pandemic. Challenging the assertion of NML's absolute effect on mitigating the problem of fake news communication, the components of NML were shown to contribute to the transmission of unverified information among citizens unless the risk of fake news was well understood. The findings suggest that further research is required to fully understand the scope of NML in designing public education, and that the problem of fake news spread may be a social phenomenon that digitalized society must embrace.1
성별 근로시간 격차 연구
No full text요 약 i
제1장 서 론 (곽은혜) 1
제1절 연구 배경 및 필요성 1
제2절 연구 내용 3
제2장 성별에 따른 노동공급의 장기 추세 (박진성) 6
제1절 서 론 6
제2절 데이터:경제활동인구조사(1981～2022년) 8
제3절 경제활동참가율과 근로시간의 장기 추세 10
제4절 소 결 35
제3장 코로나19와 부부의 가사노동 분담 (김영아) 42
제1절 서 론 42
제2절 선행연구 45
제3절 가사노동 분담률 변화 추이 46
제4절 코로나19 이후 가사노동 분담 유형 분석:사회인구학적 특성 및 노동시장 특성 64
제5절 소 결 72
제4장 성별 근로시간 격차와 임금 격차 (곽은혜) 77
제1절 서 론 77
제2절 성별 근로시간 격차와 임금 격차의 관계 79
제3절 초과근로시간 제한이 성별 근로시간 격차 및 임금 격차에 미치는 영향 91
제4절 소 결 105
제5장 요약 및 정책 제언 (곽은혜) 108
제1절 요 약 108
제2절 정책제언 111
참고문헌 11
The role of E-leadership in ICT utilization: a project management perspective
No full textCovid 19 presents a great challenge and opportunity for remote working, highlighting the need for electronically-mediated leadership in team tasks and performance. What is the role of leadership in improving utilization of information communication technologies (ICTs) in teamwork? Framed within the e-leadership and project management literature and employing a longitudinal field observation method over 8 months that involves 52 subjects and 172 observations, this study finds that (1) first, strong leaders employ a consistent and high-level use of ICTs throughout the whole process of group work, especially at the planning and closing stages of a project. (2) Second, strong leaders alternate the use of various ICTs to match specific tasks at different phases of the project. Two media platforms—team discussion forum and document sharing— stand out as the most important for strong leaders to build trust and execute tasks. (3) Finally, in a project management setting with a group of transient members with clearly-defined tasks and time-sensitive responsibilities, trust-building is a continual and highly significant leadership responsibility that precedes other leadership responsibilities. Trust is built largely through alternating the use of two rich ICT media (discussion forum and instant messaging) with two lean ICT media (document sharing and presentation display). These findings highlight a significant role of e-leadership in organizations which see the emergence of ICTs especially during crises like Covid 19.1