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Conditions for the use of the Chinese patterns "sheidou~" and "sheidou+bu~"
No full textIn this article, the use conditions of "sheidou~" and "sheidou+bu~" will be analyzed based on grammar. Through
analysis, I come to the following conclusions: The pattern "sheidou+bu~" cannot be used when there is possible
complement such as "bu" or "de", or negative phrases, or phrases like "V+guo" which mean experiencing something in the last part of the sentence. Not "sheidou+bu~", but "sheidou-" can be used when there is "zai" which indicates
being in the process in the last part of the sentence.Not "sheidou-", but "sheidou+bu~" can be used when the phrase "V+le" which means changes has been used in the last part of the sentence. Both "sheidou-", and "sheidou+bu~" can be used, when there is an auxiliary verb which indicates possibility or permission, or obligation, or hope, or a verb indicating cognition in the last part of the sentence
The historic study of the becoming student judo as sport in modern Japan
No full text2012-2013年度科学研究費助成事業（若手研究（B））研究成果報告書 課題番号：24700669 研究代表者：中嶋哲也（鹿児島大学・教育学部・講師）当研究課題では、戦前の学生柔道に焦点を当て、講道館および柔道の創始者嘉納治五郎との関係に注意しながら、柔道の競技化過程を明らかにした。結果として、1914年から始まった全国各高等学校柔道大会（いわゆる「高専柔道大会」）は旧制高校間での競争意識の高まりを踏まえて、各校にとって公平な審判規程を制定することで開催できたことを明らかにした。また、高専柔道大会では寝技が隆盛するが、これを規制するため、講道館は1924年に審判規程を改正したが、高専柔道側はこれに反発し、帝大を中心とした帝大柔道界を発足、さらに独自の審判規程を成文化するに至った。こうして高専柔道は講道館から自立し競技化が進んだのである。This project was to clarify the process of becoming judo as sport. In this study, I was careful about prewar student judo and relations with Kodokan and Kano Jigoro, the father of judo. As a result, it was found the establishment process of Kosen Judo Taikai(National High School and Vocational School Judo Competition; referred to hereafter as KJT) and the making of the KJT's rule in 1914. The groundwork was used in KJT well. Kodokan revised the rule in 1924 because to regulate the groundwork of the KJT. The KJT against the rule revision, and started the Imperial University Judo Association and codified an original rule. The student judo becomes independent from Kodokan and advanced the judo as sport
The Inclination of Midwives Hoping to Go to Graduate School in A Prefecture
No full text助産師の大学院への進学についての意識を明らかにし, 今後の大学院進学を推進するための資料とすることを目的とし, 2012年12月に３施設に勤務する助産師89名を対象に質問紙調査を実施した｡ その結果, 大学院への進学希望は｢積極的に希望する｣８人(９％), ｢少し希望する｣14人(16％), ｢あまり希望しない｣24人(27％), ｢希望しない｣20人(22％)であった｡ 進学を希望する理由としては｢スキルアップ｣｢キャリアアップ｣｢資格取得｣｢興味がある｣が述べられた｡ 進学を希望しない理由としては｢専門学校卒業は入学できない｣｢興味なし｣｢仕事との両立が困難｣｢臨床の方が良い｣であった｡ 助産師の大学院進学に対する意識を高めるには, 女性のライフサイクルを考慮した大学院の在り方が必要であり, また大学院の出願資格や大学院設置基準第14条による教育特例, 長期履修学生制度に関する情報の認知を高める必要があることが分かった｡The purpose of this study was to clarify the inclination of midwives hoping to go to graduate school; and to prepare materials to promote graduate school entrance. A survey was conducted in December, 2012, using questionnaires sent to 89 midwives working at 3 different facilities.
As a result, their degrees of inclination of hoping to go to graduate school were: "reallyhope" - 8 (9%); "hope a little" - 14 (16%); "less likely" - 24 (27%); "do not hope" - 20 (22%). Also, "upskilling", "career enhancement", and "being interested in" were talked about as typical reasons for hope of entrance into graduate school. On the other hand, those who did not hope stated their reasons as "graduates of vocational schools may not enter", "not being interested in", "difficulties in balancing school works with practical jobs", and "clinical work could be better to engage in". We found two factors leading to raising awareness of midwives towards going to graduate school: firstly, significance of graduate school should be sought for realizing some support scheme giving consideration to women's life cycles; and secondly, information should be further recognized about application qualfication for graduate school, special educational measures according to Article 14 of the Graduate School Establishment Standard, and the System for Long-Term Completion
Development of a Novel Inspection and Training System for Stereopsis Function and Space Perception in Brain
No full text2011-2013年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（C））研究成果報告書 課題番号：23500592 研究代表者：林良太（鹿児島大学・理工学研究科・准教授）本研究では、脳卒中の後遺症で立体視知覚に障害が生じていないかを検査するシステムの開発を試みた。さらに開発した検査システムを応用して、立体視知覚の訓練可能性を検討した。検査訓練システムでは、コンピュータで立体画像を作成し、液晶プロジェクタと、偏光フィルムおよび偏光メガネを用いて、視差のある立体画像を被験者の左右の目に提示する方法を採用した。その際、立体視知覚の手掛かりを両眼視差に絞るため、提示する立体画像では、稜線など絵画遠近法的に判断できる要因を取り除くことにした。そして、提案する検査訓練システムを脳卒中患者に適用したところ、立体視知覚機能の検査訓練の実施可能性を確認することができた。In this research, we have focused on stereopsis impairment caused by abnormal brain function in stroke patients. We have proposed a training and inspection system for stereopsis impairment in stroke patients. This system is composed of a personal computer, two LCD projectors, polarizing filters, and a pair of polarized glasses. To implement three—dimensional perception tests, we have decided to use stereo images without ridge lines of depth. After some consideration, it was revealed that we had to check if every subject had no significantly different eyesight in both eyes, nor any strabismus before applying the inspection system. Therefore we have constructed a pretest equipment using real objects to check them. Furthermore, we have devised a training system for stereopsis function by modifying the inspection system. Then we conclude on the feasibility of the proposed systems through several clinical trials for stroke patients
Establishment of optical imaging in the research of neuronal activity in inferotemporal cortex
No full text2011-2013年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（C））研究成果報告書 課題番号：23500521 研究代表者：王鋼（鹿児島大学・理工学研究科・教授）我々は、第1次視覚野に加え視覚連合野である側頭葉下部皮質への適用にも可能な細胞活動相関性を強調した内因性光学的計測システムを開発した。システムの実用性をもたらすために、本研究では、視覚連合野の最も重要な機能である三次元物体認識の神経基盤を調べることを通して、開発したシステムの実用的な実験法を確立した。We have developed an optical imaging system based on the coherent activities of intrinsic optical signals for the measurement of the neuronal activities in the visual cortex. In the present study, we have applied the system for the investigation of the neuronal basis for object recognition in inferotemporal cortex. Together with the finding on the neuronal mechanism on object recognition and discrimination, as a result, we have successfully established the experimental procedure for the use of the optical imaging system and demonstrated the feasibility of the system in the research of functional organization in inferotemporal cortex
Development and clinical application of the immunochromatography for a citrin protein
No full text2011-2013年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（C））研究成果報告書 課題番号：23590680 研究代表者：飯島幹雄（鹿児島大学・医歯（薬）学総合研究科・助教）シトリンの欠損は、シトリン欠損による新生児肝内胆汁うっ滞と成人発症II型シトルリン血症の原因となる。シトリン欠損症の確定診断は、遺伝子診断が主として用いられるが、既存の変異が両アレルに検出できない症例が存在する。ウェスタンブロット法もシトリン欠損症に用いられているが、手間が掛かるためその利用は非常にまれである。イムノクロマト法は、近年開発された、手軽で迅速な検出手段である。本研究の目的は、確定診断を補完する、イムノクロマト法による口腔粘膜細胞を用いたシトリンタンパク質の検出である。本研究期間で、シトリンタンパク質に対するイムノクロマト測定系の確立には至らなかった。Citrin deficiency causes neonatal intrahepatic cholestasis caused by citrin deficiency, and adult-onset type II citrullinemia. Diagonosis of citrin deficiency is mainly performed by genetic analysis, although the known mutations are not detected in some cases. Western blot analysis is also performed for citrin deficiency. The use of Western blot analysis is very few because it is time-consuming. I
mmunochromatography is recently developed detection method, which is easy and quick. The aim of this project is to examine citrin protein in oral mucosae by using immunochromatography as an alternative diagnostic method. In this project, the development of immunochromatography for a citrin protein was not completed
Development of new tumor markers based on microRNA expression in urine of the patients with urothelial carcinoma
No full text2011-2013年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（C））研究成果報告書 課題番号：23501298 研究代表者：榎田英樹（鹿児島大学・医歯（薬）学総合研究科・准教授）我々は膀胱癌におけるmicroRNAの発現プロファイルを同定して新たな膀胱癌の診断マーカーの開発を行った。膀胱癌患者100例、健常者49例、尿路感染症患者25例でのレトロスペクティブな検討ではmiR-96とmiR-183は良好な感度・特異度を持って癌と非癌の区別が可能であった。これらの発現はステージ、グレードと相関し、筋層非浸潤癌の再発を予防することが可能であった。さらに前向き試験として血尿を主訴として外来を受診した患者（尿路上皮癌56例、尿路結石35例、尿路感染症51例）においてはmiR-Xは血尿による疑陽性率が少なく有望な腫瘍マーカーと考えられた。We developed novel urine markers for detecting urothelial carcinoma. Retrospective examination using 100 bladder cancer, 49 healthy volunteers, and 25 urinary tract infection patients revealed that miR-96 and miR-183 could distinguish cancer from benign disease with good sensitivity and specificity. These miRNAs expressions were well correlated with tumor stage and grade as recurrence free survival of non-muscle invasive blader cancer. As for prospective examination of the out patients with macroscopic hematuria revealed that miR-X was a promising tumor markers with less false posive affected by macroscopic hematuria
Analysis of potential risk factors related to choking and aspiration in the elderly
No full text2011-2013年度科学研究費助成事業（基盤研究（C））研究成果報告書 課題番号：23500591 研究代表者：中村康典（鹿児島大学・医歯（薬）学総合学研究科・教授）高齢者の誤嚥、窒息に対する潜在的危険要因を抽出するために日常生活を自立した高齢者について摂食・嚥下機能に関する調査を行った。また、口腔機能の評価として舌圧測定を行った。自立高齢者の約12％に潜在的な摂食・嚥下機能低下が認められた。後期高齢者ではその傾向が高く、口腔期項目で「食事時間遅延」、「軟食傾向」が前期高齢者に比べ有意に頻度が高かった。後期高齢者では誤嚥、窒息に繋がる摂食・嚥下機能の低下には口腔機能低下が大きく関与し、特に食塊の形成に重要な咀嚼機能の低下が潜在的な誤嚥、窒息の危険因子として重要であることが示された。また、舌圧と舌筋力は有意に相関し、舌機能評価として舌圧測定は有用であった。For the purpose of extracting potential risk factors for aspiration and suffocation in the elderly, a survey on swallowing functions was conducted among the elderly who sustained themselves in daily life. For evaluation of oral functions, measurement of tongue pressure was also conducted. A potential decline in swallowing functions was observed in about 12% of this object. Such a trend was stronger in those aged 75 and over, who showed "prolonged eating time" and "a propensity for soft diet" among the oral stage items significantly more frequently than those aged 65 to 74. The results demonstrated that in the elderly aged 75 and over, decreased chewing functions, which are essential in the formation of a bolus, was important as a potential risk factor for aspiration and suffocation. Additionally, tongue pressure was found to significantly correlate with tongue muscle strength, indicating that tongue pressure measurement was useful in evaluating tongue functions
