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In vitro activity of rezafungin against planktonic and biofilm forms of Candida albicans and Nakaseomyces glabratus clinical isolates from vascular infections in Poland : a pilot study
No full textThe possible meaning of tissue remodeling in the adrenal gland of the Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber L.) : in vivo and in vitro chloroquine studies
No full textConsidering the superior physiological role of the adrenal glands in stress reaction and the lack of suitable experimental models or systems, we undertook studies in the largest European rodent, the Eurasian beaver. Emphasis was also put on aquatic pollution (e.g., with chloroquine, CQ). Adrenals were obtained from beaver females, and an adrenocarcinoma cell line (H295R) was exposed to CQ. Immunohistochemistry/immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and immunoenzymatic assay were used for analysis of: (i) steroidogenic enzymes: 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) and P450 aromatase, (ii) androgen and estrogen receptors (AR and ER), (iii) metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), (iv) cancer signaling proteins (N-cadherin, and Adenosine Monophosphate-activated Protein Kinase and the Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin AMPK/mTOR) presence/abundance, and (v) androgen and estrogen concentrations. In the adrenal cortex, the localization and similar abundance level of the steroidogenic and receptor proteins, together with comparable concentrations of sex hormones, were revealed. The MMP2 and MMP9 were active and widely distributed. In adrenal cells after CQ, an aromatase decrease (p < 0.001), an AR decrease (p < 0.001), and an ER increase (p < 0.001) in abundance, together with a decrease (p < 0.001) in the level of estrogens, were found. Additionally, CQ increased (p < 0.001) MMP2, decreased (p < 0.001) MMP9, and decreased (p < 0.001) N-cadherin abundance simultaneously with the decreased AMPK/mTOR abundance and phosphorylation (p < 0.001) with an increased (p < 0.05) ratio of pAMPK T172/AMPK. The beaver adrenal cortex may serve as a supplementary, noncanonical model for adrenal physiopathological studies involving environmental contamination, stress response, and tissue remodeling. Possible anticancer estrogen and MMP-driven CQ properties (based on sex hormone signaling/production, N-cadherin, AMPK/mTOR mechanism) need in-depth studies
Drivers of viral prevalence in landscape‐scale pollinator networks across Europe : honey bee viral density, niche overlap with this reservoir host and network architecture
No full textViral transfer from managed pollinators potentially threatens wild pollinators and may be exacerbated by land-use changes. Our causal models and plant-pollinator network data from 48 European urban and agricultural landscapes revealed the ecological mechanisms underpinning viral transmission. Host identity, network architecture and land-use modulated viral dynamics (black queen cell virus, BQCV; deformed wing virus, DWV-A and DWV-B). Viral prevalence in wild pollinators was driven by viral density in the reservoir host: honey bees, and secondarily by trophic niche overlap with these managed pollinators. Modular networks limited BQCV prevalence, which was driven by reduced honey bee niche overlap, suggesting minimal onward transmission among wild pollinators. Landscapes supporting greater wild pollinator abundance diluted DWV-B transmission; in urban landscapes managed honey bees and wild pollinators experienced higher and lower BQCV prevalence, respectively. Disease in managed bee colonies and land-use changes that concentrate pollinator foraging interactions present potential viral risks to wild pollinator health
Effect of deactivation of biventricular pacing on patients with left ventricular assist device and cardiac resynchronization therapy
No full textFrom pathophysiology to etiology : a call for precise diagnosis in young patients with myocardial infarction
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No full textHeart regeneration, or the replacement or restoration of damaged myocardium, remains one of the most challenging areas in regenerative medicine, primarily due to the limited regenerative capacity of the adult human heart. Unlike the embryonic heart, which exhibits robust cardiomyocyte proliferation, postnatal cardiac muscle cells permanently exit the cell cycle, resulting in minimal regenerative potential following injury such as myocardial infarction. This limitation contributes significantly to the progression of heart failure, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recent breakthroughs in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern cardiomyocyte proliferation have revealed that targeting signaling pathways (e.g., Hippo-YAP), cell cycle regulators, epigenetic modulators, and extracellular components may be a promising strategy for stimulating heart repair. Despite these advances, cardiac regeneration still faces significant obstacles in replacing damaged tissue and ensuring the regenerated muscle functions effectively within the complex heart system. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of emerging regulatory mechanisms involved in cardiomyocyte proliferation and myocardial regeneration. It critically evaluates current strategies for promoting heart regeneration, with particular emphasis on the most promising molecular pathways and therapeutic approaches with translational potential. Ongoing research, as summarized in this review, continues to expand the potential of regenerative medicine to repair heart damage, offering hope for more effective treatments for heart disease
Preparation and characterization of an antibacterial hydrogel dressing rich in camel milk and vitamin B6
No full textThe global rise in obesity contributes to an increased prevalence of diabetes and a higher incidence of chronic wounds that are difficult to heal and often do not respond adequately to conventional treatments. This underscores the need for advanced wound-healing strategies. In this study, we designed and fabricated a novel three-layer hydrogel dressing based on poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), cross-linked with borax, and enriched with freeze-dried camel milk and vitamin B6. We prepared the hydrogels by dissolving PVA and borax in water, incorporating bioactive additives, and sequentially assembling individual layers. We evaluated the hydrogels for antibacterial activity using agar diffusion assays, cytocompatibility with human keratinocytes (NHEK), and mechanical and thermal properties. The results demonstrated that the PVA/borax hydrogel matrix exhibited inherent antibacterial activity that could be modulated by the addition of camel milk and vitamin B6. Certain formulations showed selective efficacy against the tested strains, and hydrogels containing bioactive components supported higher cell viability and exhibited favorable mechanical stability and water-retention characteristics. These findings suggest that the composite dressing developed combines antimicrobial properties with multifunctional bioactivity and structural integrity, supporting its potential as a comprehensive therapeutic system for managing diabetic wounds and justifying further preclinical investigations toward clinical application
