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La sostenibilità nelle università pubbliche: verso un modello teorico integrato. Il caso Sapienza Università di Roma
No full textTriglyceride–Glucose Index and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-Aged Men
No full textBackground: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease worldwide, with insulin resistance (IR) being a central pathophysiological mechanism. The triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, derived from routine fasting measures, has emerged as a simple yet reliable proxy for IR and is increasingly recognised for its prognostic value in metabolic disorders. Despite growing interest, longitudinal evidence on TyG and incident T2DM, especially within European cohorts, remains limited and inconsistent. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the predictive role of TyG on the development of T2DM in an 8-year follow-up observation of a sample of adult men. Methods: We analysed data from 789 adult men without baseline T2DM, enrolled in the Olivetti Heart Study. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine the optimal TyG threshold for predicting new-onset T2DM. Results: Baseline TyG exhibited a strong, linear association with the subsequent development of T2DM. A TyG value above 4.88 was associated with an approximately twofold increase in risk, both before and after adjustment for confounding factors. Conclusions: The principal findings of this study indicate a significant predictive value of the TyG index in the development of new-onset T2DM. These observations suggest that the TyG index may serve as a low-cost, simple, and non-invasive tool for early cardio-metabolic risk assessment
Individuality and America. The influence of Friederich Meinecke in Antonello Gerbi’s Latin American studies
No full textThis essay aims to present a new reading of some passages of Antonello Gerbi’s seminal work The dispute of the New World. History of a polemic, 1750–1900, to highlight the critical his-toricist influences underpinning Gerbi’s text. The study takes the form of a comparison of the writings of Antonello Gerbi and Friedrich Meinecke, one of the leading exponents of the philosophical current in question, selecting passages from Meinecke’s last book where their “cultural proximity” is more explicit and striking
The Next Future of OMFS: Diagnostic Imaging Powered by AI Transformers and Shaped by Society
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Movie-ing the EEG: a Hybrid CNN-Transformer-based Framework for decoding EEG signals for BCI applications
No full textThis paper introduces a hybrid deep learning approach for processing electroencephalographic (EEG) signals to track their dynamics over time in the spatial-spectral domain. This method is particularly valuable whenever the temporal evolution of the brain process under analysis is relevant to classification. A hybrid deep learning model, herein referred to as EEGConViT, processes spatial-temporal stream of data (EEG movies). Specifically, EEGConViT consists of a custom CNN that encodes each frame into a feature vector, which is then augmented with temporal position embeddings with a Transformer model able to capture sequential dependencies. In this work, the application of motor EEG signals was investigated with the proposed EEGConViT. In particular, EEG signals preceding motor execution were processed to assess the ability of the model to predict the upcoming sub-movement of the upper limb. The model was evaluated using a collection of EEG signals from 14 subjects, derived from a publicly available repository. Using a leave-one-subject-out strategy, the model was trained on data from 13 subjects and fine-tuned on the remaining one (cross-subject training and subsequent calibration over the single subject). Results demonstrate that our approach outperforms comparable models in the literature while significantly reducing training time, an essential factor in medical applications, where both classification performance and rapid calibration are critical
Coordinatore dell'Osservatorio della Regione Campania a partire dal numero 6/2017 della rivista Le Regioni – Scientific editor
No full textDiritto ambientale e giustizia planetaria. Per un’etica della responsabilità
No full textGiustizia ambientale e giustizia climatic
Annexin A1 Is Involved in the Antitumor Effects of 5-Azacytidine in Human Oral Squamous Carcinoma Cells
No full text: Background: the treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity (OSCCs) is limited by the lack of reliable diagnostic/prognostic, and predictive markers, as well as by intrinsic tumor cell heterogeneity. 5-azacytidine (5-AZA) offers opportunities for cancer cell reprogramming to develop new target-specific treatments. The protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) is downregulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), correlated with pathological differentiation grade. Objectives: this work aimed to further investigate the role of ANXA1 in OSCC progression based on 5-AZA activity. Methods: we used CAL27 and CAL33 cell lines, which differ in drug sensitivity and differentiation status. Results: CAL27 showed a higher expression of the stemness markers compared to CAL33 cells, but this positivity was lost after treatment with 5-AZA. This drug also decreased CAL27 cell motility, promoting a less aggressive phenotype. Moreover, 5-AZA increased ANXA1 expression only in CAL27. After siRNA-mediated downmodulation, we witnessed a significant rise in cell motility and the inversion of E-/N-cadherin expression, which was reverted again by 5-AZA. To investigate the role of exogenous ANXA1 derived from the tumor microenvironment, we treated CAL27 with Ac2-26, an ANXA1 mimetic peptide. Interestingly, we found that this peptide alone showed impacts similar to 5-AZA in reversing the aggressive phenotype. All these effects were not evidenced in CAL33 cells. Finally, to prove the loop of the exogenous protein, we detected increased expression of its receptors, formyl peptide receptors (FPRs), and their activation, leading to oncosuppressor effects. Conclusions: we propose that ANXA1 mediates the effects of 5-AZA only in poorly differentiated stemlike CAL27 cell lines. This suggests the relevance of ANXA1 as a diagnostic/prognostic biomarker in OSCCs, paving the way for personalized therapies to overcome treatment difficulties