137262 research outputs found
Sort by
State of art and future challenges to early intervention, and management in patients with psoriasis at increased risk of transition to psoriatic arthritis: a review
No full textIntroduction: Up to 30% of patients with psoriasis develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA) during their lifetime, which can result in irreversible joint damage. Early identification and interception of PsA could potentially decrease inflammation and progression of structural damage. This review summarizes the state of the art on psoriasis-to-PsA transition and discusses the challenges to prevent and early manage PsA. Areas covered: One primary hurdle clinicians face is their inability to establish an early PsA diagnosis because of the poor specificity of symptoms. Arthralgia, severe psoriasis, a history of uveitis, nail psoriasis, scalp psoriasis, having a first-degree relative with PsA, familial aggregation, genetic factors, specific skin phenotypes, mechanical stress, and obesity confer an increased risk of PsA transition. However, underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain poorly defined. Expert opinion: The evolution from cutaneous to synovio-entheseal inflammation in patients with psoriasis presents an opportunity to investigate the critical events linked to arthritis development. Further efforts should be made to clearly define early PsA and identify patients with psoriasis at increased PsA risk. Machine learning and artificial intelligence may analyze and integrate different factors to more objectively estimate the possible risk of psoriasis to PsA transition for each patient. Plain language summary: About 30% of patients with psoriasis will eventually get psoriatic arthritis, an inflammatory disease that can cause irreversible joint damage. Early identification of psoriatic arthritis in these people may prevent joint and bone damage from developing.The state-of-the-art method in identifying psoriasis patients at high risk of developing psoriatic arthritis is the focus of this review.The characteristics of patients, including risk factors, that are relevant to developing psoriatic arthritis will be detailed. The most prevalent imaging techniques will be reviewed to determine their potential in the early diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis in patients with psoriasis. Finally, some insights on using artificial intelligence tools to prevent the shift from psoriasis to psoriatic arthritis are also provided
Arnold Toynbee, Women Will be the New Rulers (1960).pdf (https://www.academia.edu/145702167/Arnold_Toynbee_Women_Will_be_the_New_Rulers_1960_)
No full textADDITIONS, INTEGRATIONS, CORRECTIONS AND SUPPLEMENTS TO THE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ARNOLD JOSEPH TOYNBEE, no. 550, Addition to Part I, Works by Arnold J. Toynbe
Mathematical derivation and analysis of a mixture model of tumor growth
No full textWe derive, through the periodic homogenization theory in thin heterogeneous domains, a 2 D model consisting of Hele-Shaw equation coupled with the convective Cahn-Hilliard equation with non-constant mobility. The upscaled set of equations, which models in particular tumor growth, is then analyzed and we prove some regularity results. We heavily rely on the two-scale convergence concept in thin heterogeneous media associated to some Sobolev inequalities such as the Gagliardo-Nirenberg and Agmon inequalities to achieve our goal
Linking Cancer Pain Features and Biosignals for Automatic Pain Assessment
No full textAlthough pain is a frequent and burdensome symptom in people with cancer, it is commonly evaluated usingself-reported scales that may be unreliable in patients with cognitive, communicative, or clinical limitations. This study explored whether objective physiological signals could enhance cancer pain assessment. We analyzed electrodermal activity and heart rate variability recorded in cancer patients and examined their relationships with pain intensity and pain type. The results indicate that specific electrodermal activity parameters are associated with both pain intensity and distinct pain phenotypes (mainly mixed pain). In contrast, heart rate variability failed to provide meaningful discrimination in this context. Despite limitations, these findings suggest that electrodermal activity may represent a valuable objective marker to complement conventional pain scales and support
the development of automated pain assessment approaches in oncology
Aggiornare la conoscenza del sistema Ville Vesuviane con il Geographic Information System
No full textIl progetto di ricerca Ville Vesuviane: New Research Perspectives For A Diffuse Heritage - Vi.Ve, in corso presso il Dipartimento di Architettura dell’Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II mira a sistematizzare mediante l’impiego di strumenti e metodi digitali il sistema delle Ville Vesuviane. Si tratta di una ricerca che si pone l’ambizioso obiettivo di trattare il tema di studio secondo una metodologia di ricerca interdisciplinare e multi-scalare, con l’obiettivo di evidenziare il complesso intreccio di relazioni tra le singole ville e il territorio vesuviano.
Le Ville Vesuviane – residenze nobiliari costruite o ristrutturate dopo il 1738, quando Carlo di Borbone decise di realizzare il Sito reale di Portici e oggi vincolate con apposito DM del 19 ottobre 1976 – ricadono nei comuni di Napoli, San Giorgio a Cremano, Portici, Ercolano, Torre del Greco; esse costituiscono un patrimonio culturale di grande interesse sia per il loro valore architettonico, furono costruite dai più prestigiosi architetti del Settecento napoletano, che per il loro valore paesaggistico-territoriale; nonostante le trasformazioni urbane e territoriali avvenute nel secondo dopoguerra, ancora oggi rappresentano uno dei tratti specifici dell’area costiera vesuviana compresa tra Napoli e Torre del Greco.
La ricerca prevede la progettazione e la realizzazione di un Geographic Information System (GIS), un aggiornato database georeferenziato per raccogliere, gestire e aggiornare dati e informazioni scientifiche interdisciplinari relative alle Ville ed ai territori che le ospitano, evidenziando le caratteristiche storico-architettoniche, tipologico-formali, materico-costruttive, lo stato di conservazione di ogni singola villa nel quadro più generale delle trasformazioni subite da tali territori negli ultimi due secoli e le attuali norme di governo urbanistico.
Il contributo che segue presenta un primo resoconto delle attività svolte e il processo metodologico messo a punto per la geolocalizzazione delle ville, la strutturazione del geo-database, l’archiviazione dei dati desunti dalla ricerca, secondo le competenze dei settori disciplinari dei diversi autori: Storia dell’Architettura, Disegno, Restauro e Urbanistica
The serotonin receptor 7 as an emerging target to restore altered neuroplasticity in Angelman syndrome
No full textThe serotonin receptor 7 (5-HT7R) has been indicated as a key modulator of neuronal structure and function, playing critical roles in synaptic plasticity, dendritic spine formation, and cytoskeletal remodeling. 5-HT7R activation promotes neurite outgrowth, enhances long-term potentiation (LTP), stimulates local protein synthesis at synapses, and regulates mitochondrial functions, and the mTOR pathway. These properties make the 5-HT7R a compelling candidate for therapeutic intervention in neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by synaptic dysfunctions. Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder caused by the loss of function of the maternal UBE3A gene, resulting in impairments of synaptic plasticity, dendritic spine density, protein synthesis, mitochondrial activity and mTOR signaling. Intriguingly, many of the processes altered in AS are the ones that are positively regulated by 5-HT7R activation. For instance, AS animal models exhibit reduced LTP and altered dendritic morphology and 5-HT7R stimulation enhances synaptic strength and spine formation in the brain of wild type rodents. Moreover, BDNF/TrkB function signaling is impaired and mitochondrial integrity is disrupted in AS and 5-HT7R agonists enhance the altered BDNF/TrkB signalling and restore mitochondrial dysfunctions in Rett syndrome (RTT) mice model. Interestingly, recent evidence demonstrates that pharmacological activation of 5-HT7Rs increases synaptic protein synthesis, restores LTP, enhances dendritic spine density, and improves cognitive function in an AS mouse model. These encouraging results open the way to future studies using neurons and brain organoids generated from iPSCs obtained from AS patients, which represent novel tools in preclinical research. Overall, 5-HT7R stimulation, by counteracting the molecular alterations associated with the loss of UBE3A, may represent a novel approach to restore neural function in the mature brain, leading to translational applications in AS patients, and possibly also in other synaptopathies
Synergies between food biodiversity, processing levels, and the EAT-Lancet diet for nutrient adequacy and environmental sustainability: a multiobjective optimization using the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort
No full textBackground: Diets have become increasingly monotonous and high in ultraprocessed foods (UPFs), contributing to poor health outcomes and environmental degradation. Although sustainable diets, food biodiversity, and food processing levels have each been linked to nutritional and environmental outcomes, their combined impact has not been assessed. Objectives: This study aims to examine whether food biodiversity, intakes of UPFs, and adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet can simultaneously optimize nutrient adequacy while reducing environmental impacts. Methods: Using data from 368,733 adults in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, we assessed associations and interactions between dietary species richness (DSR) (disaggregated into DSRPlant and DSRAnimal), food processing levels (Nova categories; % g/d), and adherence to EAT-Lancet recommendations [healthy reference diet (HRD) score; 0–140 points] with the Probability of Adequate Nutrient Intake Diet (PANDiet) score, dietary greenhouse gas emissions (GHGe; kg CO2-eq/d), and land use (m2/d). Regression models subsequently informed multiobjective optimization to identify optimal dietary patterns balancing nutritional and environmental outcomes. Results: Compared with observed diets, optimal diets showed a mean HRD score increase of 13.91 (95% confidence interval: 13.89, 13.93) points; DSRPlant increased by mean of 1.36 (1.35, 1.37) species, and a mean substitution of 12.44 (12.40, 12.49) percentage points of UPFs with unprocessed or minimally processed foods. Correspondingly, the mean PANDiet score increased by 4.12 (4.10, 4.14) percentage points, whereas GHGe and land use reduced by 1.07 (1.05, 1.09) kg CO2-eq/d and 1.43 (1.41, 1.45) m2/d, respectively. Conclusions: Diets that adhere to the EAT-Lancet diet, are more biodiverse, and prioritize unprocessed and minimally processed foods over UPFs, have the potential to synergistically enhance nutrient adequacy while minimizing environmental impacts. These findings suggest that moderate improvements across multiple dietary dimensions simultaneously can achieve meaningful gains in both nutritional adequacy and environmental sustainability
Simultaneous optical clarity and fire protection in Novolac resin via in situ amorphous silica and a liquid DOPO derivative
No full textSilica–polymer composites are widely used to enhance mechanical performance in industries ranging from packaging to transportation. However, extending their use into high-demand sectors such as electronics and construction requires additional functionalities, particularly transparency and fire safety. Here, we demonstrate both by developing fully transparent, self-extinguishing silica–epoxy nanocomposites (SiEpo-NCs) via an in situ sol–gel process. Using a Novolac epoxy matrix cured with a cycloaliphatic hardener, we obtained uniformly dispersed amorphous silica nanoparticles (SNPs), as confirmed by microscopy and particle size analysis. An alternative masterbatch-dilution route produced silica-rich and silica-free domains, which further enhanced the thermo-mechanical performance of the composite materials. To achieve flame retardance while maintaining optical clarity, we incorporated the liquid phosphorus-based additive 6H-dibenz[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphorin-6-propanoic acid, butyl ester, 6-oxide (DOB) into the SiEpo network. This strategy yielded a UL94-V0 classification at only 3 wt.% phosphorus and 2 wt.% SNPs, delivering a rare combination of transparency, non-dripping behavior, and self-extinguishing performance. Cone calorimetry and gas analysis revealed a synergistic mechanism between SNP-induced char formation and DOB’s gas-phase inhibition, establishing a promising route toward multifunctional epoxy nanocomposites