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What is the effectiveness and adverse event data of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in reducing pain in adults with chronic pain? An overview of Cochrane Reviews summary with commentary
No full text[No Abstract Available
The fate of acetamiprid and its degradation during long-term storage of honey
No full textYeter, Oya/0000-0002-6881-4524WOS: 000502232900001PubMed: 31825751Acetamiprid (ATP) is a neonicotinoid widely used in agriculture, which is less toxic to honeybees and is transported into the hives via the contaminated nectar and pollen as well as physical contact. Although ATP degrades in animal systems mainly through N-desmethylacetamiprid (IM-2-1), it is degraded in honey of different origins mainly through (E)-N-2-carbamoyl-)-N-1-[6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl])-N-1-methylacetamidine (IM-1-2). the decomposition of ATP in honey has been followed for storage times up to 180 days at 20 degrees C, 30 degrees C and 40 degrees C to represent geographical regions with different temperatures. Subsequent degradation of IM-1-2 occurred and IM-1-4 was detected as a degradation product of IM-1-2. the apparent decomposition rate constants and half-lives of ATP in honey were determined. ATP degradation to IM-1-2 was faster in honey than the rates observed in aqueous solutions of pH 3.0-5.0. in order to follow actual ATP contamination in honey, IM-1-2 analysis is proposed to be carried out instead of the analyses of ATP and IM-2-1 for safety determination to ensure application of Good Agricultural Practice and to maintain a healthy environment
Performance of the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus in early disease, across sexes and ethnicities
No full textIzmirly, Peter/0000-0001-5445-2182; Johnson, Sindhu R./0000-0003-0591-2976; Doria, Andrea/0000-0003-0548-4983WOS: 000573924600031PubMed: 32816709Objectives the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2019 Classification Criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been validated with high sensitivity and specificity. We evaluated the performance of the new criteria with regard to disease duration, sex and race/ethnicity, and compared its performance against the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) 2012 and ACR 1982/1997 criteria. Methods Twenty-one SLE centres from 16 countries submitted SLE cases and mimicking controls to form the validation cohort. the sensitivity and specificity of the EULAR/ACR 2019, SLICC 2012 and ACR 1982/1997 criteria were evaluated. Results the cohort consisted of female (n=1098), male (n=172), Asian (n=118), black (n=68), Hispanic (n=124) and white (n=941) patients; with an SLE duration of 1 to = 5 years (n=879). Among patients with 1 to <3 years disease duration, the EULAR/ACR criteria had better sensitivity than the ACR criteria (97% vs 81%). the EULAR/ACR criteria performed well in men (sensitivity 93%, specificity 96%) and women (sensitivity 97%, specificity 94%). Among women, the EULAR/ACR criteria had better sensitivity than the ACR criteria (97% vs 83%) and better specificity than the SLICC criteria (94% vs 82%). Among white patients, the EULAR/ACR criteria had better sensitivity than the ACR criteria (95% vs 83%) and better specificity than the SLICC criteria (94% vs 83%). the EULAR/ACR criteria performed well among black patients (sensitivity of 98%, specificity 100%), and had better sensitivity than the ACR criteria among Hispanic patients (100% vs 86%) and Asian patients (97% vs 77%). Conclusions the EULAR/ACR 2019 criteria perform well among patients with early disease, men, women, white, black, Hispanic and Asian patients. These criteria have superior sensitivity than the ACR criteria and/or superior specificity than the SLICC criteria across many subgroups.European League Against Rheumatism; American College of Rheumatology; Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of HealthThis body of work was jointly supported by the European League Against Rheumatism and the American College of Rheumatology. This research was supported (in part) by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases of the National Institutes of Health
Non-prescripted usage of psychostimulant drugs by medical students
No full text6th Congress of the European-Academy-of-Neurology (EAN) -- MAY 23-26, 2020 -- ELECTR NETWORKWOS: 000534616800419[No abstract available]Europ Acad Neuro
Assessment of Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage or Hemorrhagic Transformation in the VENOST Study
No full textPubMed: 33130674Introduction: Cerebral venous and sinus thrombosis (CVST) may lead to cerebral edema and increased intracranial pressure; besides, ischemic or hemorrhagic lesions may develop. Intracerebral hemorrhages occur in approximately one-third of CVST patients. We assessed and compared the findings of the cerebral hemorrhage (CH) group and the CVST group. Materials and Methods: in the VENOST study, medical records of 1,193 patients with CVST, aged over 18 years, were obtained from 35 national stroke centers. Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, signs at the admission, radiological findings, etiologic factors, acute and maintenance treatment, and outcome results were reported. the number of involved sinuses or veins, localizations of thrombus, and lesions on CT and MRI scans were recorded. Results: CH was detected in the brain imaging of 241 (21.1%) patients, as hemorrhagic infarction in 198 patients and intracerebral hemorrhage in 43 patients. Gynecologic causes comprised the largest percentage (41.7%) of etiology and risk factors in the CVST group. in the CH group, headache associated with other neurological symptoms was more frequent. These neurological symptoms were epileptic seizures (46.9%), nausea and/or vomiting (36.5%), altered consciousness (36.5%), and focal neurological deficits (33.6%). mRS was ?3 in 23.1% of the patients in the CH group. Discussion and Conclusion: CVST, an important cause of stroke in the young, should be monitored closely if the patients have additional symptoms of headache, multiple sinus involvement, and CH. Older age and parenchymal lesion, either hemorrhagic infarction or intracerebral hemorrhage, imply poor outcome. © 2020 S. Karger AG, Basel. All rights reserved
Effects of Complement Regulators and Chemokine Receptors in Type 2 Diabetes
No full textCoskunpinar, Ender/0000-0002-1003-5544; Cakmakoglu, Bedia/0000-0001-7960-9131WOS: 000547126500001PubMed: 32611246CD55 and CD59 are complement regulatory proteins suggested to be related with progression of diabetes and its complications. the stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR-4) are chemokine proteins. We aimed to investigate the relation of CD55 and CD59 expression levels and polymorphisms of SDF-1 and CXCR-4 with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its complications. Seventy-five T2DM patients and 73 controls were enrolled. Expression levels of CD55 and CD59 were measured by FACS Calibur; qRT-PCR was used to determine SDF-1 and CXCR-4 gene polymorphisms. CD55 and CD59 expressions in patients with nephropathy, retinopathy and cardiovascular disease were significantly lower than controls. Frequency of CXCR-4 T allele carrying was high in patients and created 1.6 fold risk for the disease (p= .07). CXCR-4 a allele carriers had decreased nephropathy; although there was no statistical significance in carrying CXCR-4 T allele, presence of nephropathy was approximately 2 times higher (p= .254). the nephropathy risk increased 10-fold in CXCR-4 TT genotype carriers (p= .02). All SDF-1 CC genotype carriers had retinopathy, so, it was considered that the CC genotype was effective in retinopathy development (p= .031). For the presence of cardiovascular disease, significant difference was observed for SDF-1 genotypes. Increased cardiovascular risk of 5- and 1.9-fold in SDF-1 T (p= .007) and CXCR-4 T (p= .216) allele carriers, respectively, was observed. We suggest that CD55 and CD59 protein levels and SDF-1 and CXCR-4 have predictive importance in process, complications and tendency of T2DM.Istanbul University Scientific Projects Coordination UnitIstanbul University [11630]Istanbul University Scientific Projects Coordination Unit - 1163
The potential effects of anticonvulsant drugs on neuropeptides and neurotrophins in pentylenetetrazol kindled seizures in the rat
No full textTaskiran, Dilek/0000-0002-4505-0939; Erdogan, Mumin/0000-0003-0048-444XWOS: 000488416100001PubMed: 31518546Purpose: Neuropeptides and neurotrophic factors are thought to be involved in epileptogenesis. This study aims to investigate the potential effects of anticonvulsant drugs on neuropeptides (galanin and neuropeptide Y) and neurotrophic factors (BDNF and NGF) in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindled seizures in the rat. Methods: Forty-eight adult male Sprague?Dawley rats were included in the study. the animals were divided into 8 groups of six rats. Group 1 was defined as na?ve control, and received no medication. Group 2 (PTZ?+?saline) was treated with sub-convulsive doses of PTZ (35?mg/kg) and saline i.p. for 14?days. For anticonvulsant treatments, Groups 3?8 were treated with 200?mg/kg levetiracetam (PTZ?+?LEV), 1?mg/kg midazolam (PTZ?+?MDZ), 80?mg/kg phenytoin (PTZ?+?PHT), 80?mg/kg topiramate (PTZ?+?TPR), 40?mg/kg lamotrigine (PTZ?+?LMT) and 50?mg/kg sodium valproate (PTZ?+?SV), respectively. All anticonvulsant drugs were injected 30 min prior to PTZ injection throughout 14?days. Following treatment period, behavioral, biochemical and immunohistochemical studies were performed. Results: PTZ?+?saline group revealed significantly decreased galanin, NPY, BDNF and NGF levels compared to control. PTZ?+?MDZ group had significantly increased galanin, BDNF and NGF levels compared to saline group. Also, PTZ?+?LEV group showed increased BDNF levels. PTZ?+?saline group revealed significantly lower neuron count and higher GFAP (+) cells in hippocampal CA1?CA3 regions. All anticonvulsants significantly reduced hippocampal astrogliosis whereas only midazolam, levetiracetam, sodium valproate and lamotrigine prevented neuronal loss. Conclusion: Our results suggested that anticonvulsant drugs may reduce the severity of seizures, and exert neuroprotective effects by altering the expression of neuropeptides and neurotrophins in the epileptogenic hippocampus
Meme Kanserinde Birincil ve İkincil Korunma Önlemlerine ilişkin Ebe ve Hemşirenin Rolü
No full textMeme kanseri, birçok ülkede kadınlarda en sık görülen kanser türü ve ölüm nedenidir. Meme kanserinin kesin nedeni bilinmemekle beraber genetik, çevresel ve hormonal etkenlerin önemli rol oynadığı bildirilmektedir. Meme kanserine karşın kesin koruyucu hiçbir yöntem bulunmadığından dolayı korunmada hastalığın erken dönemde saptanması oldukça önemlidir. Meme kanserinin gelişimi, riski azaltacak ya da en aza indirgeyecek tutum ve davranışlar yoluyla önlenebilmekte, erken tanı ve etkili tedavi yöntemleriyle yaşam süresi ve kalitesi yükseltilebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, birincil ve ikincil korunma yöntemlerinin kadınlara öğretilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır. Yüksek yağlı diyet, alkol tüketimi, fiziksel egzersiz eksikliği gibi yaşam tarzı ve çevresel faktörlerin meme kanseri gelişimine etkisini gösteren kanıt temelli çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Bu etkenlerin ortadan kaldırılması morbidite ve mortalitenin azalmasına katkıda bulunabilmektedir (birincil korunma). Klinik meme muayenesi, kendi kendine meme muayenesi, mamografi gibi tanı testlerini içeren ikincil korunma önlemler ise premalign veya subklinik kanserlerin tanımlanması ve tedavisinde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Ayrıca, kadınların meme kanseri ile ilgili bilinçlenmesi ve davranış deği-şikliklerinde bulunması meme kanseri insidansını azaltmada önemli ölçüde katkı sağlayabilmek-tedir. Bu konuda, ebe ve hemşireler kadınlara meme kanserinde yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ve erken tanı yöntemlerine ilişkin eğitimler vererek meme kanserinde farkındalığın artmasında büyük rol oynayabilirler. Bu derlemenin amacı meme kanserinde birincil ve ikincil korunma önlemlerine ilişkin ebe ve hemşirelerin rol ve sorumlulukları hakkında bilgi vermektir
DO COMORBIDITIES IMPACT PERSISTENCE OF FIRST TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR INHIBITOR TREATMENT IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS? DATA FROM TURKBIO
No full textAnnual European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR) -- JUN 03, 2020 -- ELECTR NETWORKAkkoc, Nurullah/0000-0002-3718-171XWOS: 000555905003171[No abstract available
Paraoxonase-1 Enzyme Activity and Oxidative Status in Pulmonary Hypertension Original Article
No full textWOS: 000527244700012Objective: Oxidative stress has been considered to be one of the main causes for the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) via leading alteration of pulmonary vasomotor tone induced by hypoxia. the aim of this study is to determine the serum paraoxonase-1 enzyme (PON-1) activity, arylesterase activity, the antioxidant-oxidant status in patients with PH and to compare with healthy controls. Material and Methods: Thirty five healthy individuals (mean age 45.7 +/- 5.9 years) as a control group and thirty eight patients (mean age 46.5 +/- 12.6 years) with a diagnosis of PH wereincluded in thestudy. Serum PON-1 and arylesterase activity, the total antioxidative capacity of plasma (TAC) and total oxidantstatus (TOS) were measured by using colorimetric methods. the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) wascalculated as TOS/ TACX100. Results: Serum PON1 activity is significantly lower in PH patients when compared with healthy controls (p=0.001). the serum arylesterase activity and TAC, TOS and OSI status were similarin bothgroups. There is inverse correlation between serum PON1 activityand NYHA functionalcapacity (r:-0.649 p=0.001). Furthermore, PON1 activity of study patients are similarin the PH subgroups. Serum activity of PON1 wasfoundto bethe only independent parameter for the presence of PH in binary logistic regression analysis (OR 0.984, 95 % CI 0.977-0.992, p=0.001). Eight patients died follow up period (27.6 +/- 14.5 months) and none of theparametersincluding PON1 were associated with mortality. Conclusion: Serum PON1 activity of PH patients is lowerthanhealthypopulation, but does not predictmortality