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The effect of sulfasalazine in pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in rats
No full textWe aimed to reveal the anti-convulsant effects sulfasalazine and its mechanism in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures in rats. Forty-eight male Wistar albino rats (200-250 g) were randomly divided into two groups: 24 for electroencephalography (EEG) recording (group A) and 24 for behavioral studies (group B). About 70 mg/kg PTZ was used for behavioral studies after sulfasalazine administration and 35 mg/kg PTZ was used for EEG recording after sulfasalazine administration. Electrodes were implanted on the dura mater over the left frontal cortex and the reference electrode was implanted over the cerebellum for EEG recording. Racine's convulsion scale, first myoclonic jerk onset time, spike percentages, brain malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) levels were evaluated between the groups. First myoclonic jerk onset time was significantly shorter in the saline group than both 250 and 500 mg/kg sulfasalazine groups (Po0.05). Racine's convulsion scores were significantly lower in the 250 and 500 mg/kg sulfasalazine groups than the saline group (Po0.05, Po0.001). The two sulfasalazine groups had lower spike percentages than the saline group (Po0.05). Significantly lower MDA and PGF2 alpha levels were observed in the 250 and 500 mg/kg sulfasalazine groups compared with the saline group (P<0.05, P<0.001, respectively). SOD increased significantly in both sulfasalazine groups compared with the PTZ+saline group (P<0.05). Our study demonstrated that sulfasalazine had protective effects on PTZ-induced convulsions by protecting against oxidative and inflammatory damage associated with PTZ
Cyp3a4 *1b gene polymorphism in coronary artery disease patients with obesity undergoing statin treatment
No full textObjective: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and statins are frequently prescribed in the treatment of CAD to help lower blood cholesterol levels. Since the main enzyme involved in the metabolism of statins is CYP3A4, we aimed to investigate the effect of CYP3A4 * 1B genotypes on plasma lipid profile in Turkish cardiovascular disease subjects with and without obesity taking statin. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 85 cardiovascular disease patients who were prescribed statins and had routine biochemical analysis data. Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay was performed for genotyping of CYP3A4 *1B (rs2740574) polymorphism. Results: Genotype distribution of CYP3A4 *1B polymorphism was found for homozygous wild (AA) and homozygous polymorphic (GG) genotypes as 94.1% and 5.9%, respectively. We did not detect patients with heterozygous genotype in our study group. We found that the mean LDL-c, TG and TC levels were higher in patients with CYP3A4 *1B GG compared to the AA genotype. The frequency of CYP3A4 *1B GG genotype frequency (9.5%) was detected higher in the obese patients compared to the non-obese patients (7.7%) (?2=0.037, p=0.85). Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that CYP3A4 *1B homozygous polymorphic genotype distribution tends to be higher in obese patients compared to non-obese patients with cardiovascular disease which may point to *1B allele having a slight effect on serum lipids during statin therapy. Ad-ditional studies with higher samples are needed for evaluating the role of CYP3A4 *1B on lipids in patients under statin therapy. © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.Marmara Üniversitesi: FEN-C-YLP-090517-0285This study was supported by Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit, Turkey; Project No: FEN-C-YLP-090517-0285
Nöromiyelitis Optika’da Kognitif Bozukluk
No full textIntroduction: There are few studies on cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). The purpose of this study is to assess the factors that may be related with the frequency and level of cognitive impairment in Turkish NMO patients. Methods: 22 patients with the diagnosis of NMO are evaluated retrospectively. Cognitive function was evaluated with Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological tests (BRB-N), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Addenbrooke Cognitive Evaluation (ACE-R). The groups with and without cognitive impairment were compared according to age, sex, level of education, pathologic findings on cranial MRI, NMO Ig existence and EDSS score. The relation of the clinical, radiological and demographic values and patients’ depression level was evaluated. The specificity and sensitivity of ACE-R test on detecting cognitive impairment were assessed through ACE-R test results. Results: The mean age of the patients was 42.8±10.9.45.5% (n=10) of the patients had cognitive impairment and 50% (n=11) had depression. The group with cognitive impairment had significantly older age, lower educational status, higher EDSS and BDI scores (p<0.05). The mostly affected cognitive domains were memory impairment, attention and processing dysfunction. When the specificity and sensitivity of ACE-R test on NMO patients were evaluated, diagnostic level of the test was found to be statistically good since it could detect cognitive impairment with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 75% on a cut off level of 82.5. Conclusion: In our study, cognitive impairment and depression were detected in approximately half of the patients with BRB-N and BDI tests. It can be concluded that ACE-R test can be used to detect cognitive impairment in NMO patients. Since cognitive impairment and depression are frequent in NMO patients, it is important to assess the patients’ cognitive functions and arrange the treatments to improve their quality of life, . © 2021, Turkish Neuropsychiatric Society. All rights reserved
Living Donor Liver Transplantation: The Optimal Curative Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Even Beyond Milan Criteria
No full textPubMed: 339262422-s2.0-85105158500Introduction: Liver transplantation offers the most reasonable expectation for curative treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma. Living-donor liver transplantation represents a treatment option, even in patients with extended Milan criteria. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma patients, particularly those extended Milan criteria. Materials and Patients: All HCC patients who received liver transplant for HCC were included in this retrospective study. Clinical characteristics including perioperative data and survival data (graft and patient) were extracted from records. Univariate and multivariate analyses was performed to identify significant prognostic factors for survival, postoperative complications and recurrence. Results: Two-hundred and two patients were included. The median age was 54.8 years (IQR 53-61). Fifty-one patients (25.3%) underwent deceased donors liver transplantation and 151 patients (74.7%) underwent living donor liver transplantation. Perioperative mortality rate was 5.9% (12 patients). Recurrent disease occurred in 43 patients (21.2%). The overall 1-year and 5-year survival rates were 90.7% and 75.6%, respectively. Significant differences between patients beyond Milan criteria compared to those within Milan criteria were not found. Alpha-fetoprotein level >300 ng/mL, vascular invasion, and bilobar tumor lesions were independent negative prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion: Liver transplantation is the preferred treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma and it has demonstrated an excellent potential to cure even in patients with beyond Milan criteria. This study shows that the Milan criteria alone are not sufficient to predict survival after transplantation. The independent parameters for survival prediction are Alpha-Fetoprotein-value and status of vascular invasion. © The Author(s) 2021
Patellofemoral Chondropathy Areas in Folk Dancers An MRI Study
No full textPubMed: 33647095WOS:000627402300005BACKGROUND: Patellofemoral chondropathy (PFC) is one of the most important causes of patellofemoral pain syndrome. PFC may occur as a result of anatomic reasons such as patellar malalignment and/or increased patellofemoral joint stresses. Most research on this subject has involved sports injuries and anatomic variations. The literature is scarce on PFC related to the dance. METHODS: Fourteen dancers (14 knees, all male) were found to have PFC based on MRI evaluations and clinical examinations between January 2010 and December 2019 (3 dancers were excluded due to prior surgeries of the knee). Age, sex, side of injury, range of motion, Q angle, types of dances, body mass index, and patellar specifics (alta, baja, Wiberg) were recorded for 11 dancers included in the study. We observed PFC at the femoral contact areas (FCA) and patellar contact areas (PCA) of Goodfellow description. RESULTS: Chondral lesions were observed at Gooodfellow areas FCA-3 in 2 dancers, FCA-4 in 5 dancers, PCA-2 in 10 dancers, PCA-3 in 10 dancers, and PCA-4 in 9 dancers. CONCLUSION: Dance styles that include frequent deep flexions and strolling on a flexed knee joint may be risk factors for chondral lesions in the contact area of the femur in male dancers
European women in neurosurgery: II ? Historical characters and living legends
No full textKarampouga, Maria/0000-0001-7737-1422PubMed: 33558184WOS:000634503700013A collaborative global working group of women neurosurgeons in multiple countries at different stages of their neurosurgical careers undertook the task of researching the history of European women in neurosurgery. While doing so, we happened upon many remarkable female neurosurgeons who overcame great adversity, made tremendous contributions to society and institutional neurosurgery, and displayed numerous talents beyond the operating room. In the first part of this paper, we recounted a chronology of female neurosurgeons in Europe, highlighting the most remarkable achievements of women in every decade, from the 1920 & rsquo;s to 2020. In this paper, we honor fascinating women in European neurosurgery, both historical characters and living legends. These women have overcome great adversity and have also excelled in a huge variety of pursuits. While some were themselves refugees, we also have uncovered noteworthy examples of women who immersed themselves in humanitarian missions and who tried to better the world through political action. There are stories of women beating the odds, taking on biased institutions and proving their worth, in spite of the prevailing system. Most inspirational, we have discovered through our comprehensive research on the history of women in European neurosurgery that the future is increasingly female. CO 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
COVID-19 and stem cell transplantation; results from an EBMT and GETH multicenter prospective survey
No full textPubMed: 34079042WOS:000657226100001This study reports on 382 COVID-19 patients having undergone allogeneic (n = 236) or autologous (n = 146) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) reported to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) or to the Spanish Group of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (GETH). The median age was 54.1 years (1.0-80.3) for allogeneic, and 60.6 years (7.7-81.6) for autologous HCT patients. The median time from HCT to COVID-19 was 15.8 months (0.2-292.7) in allogeneic and 24.6 months (-0.9 to 350.3) in autologous recipients. 83.5% developed lower respiratory tract disease and 22.5% were admitted to an ICU. Overall survival at 6 weeks from diagnosis was 77.9% and 72.1% in allogeneic and autologous recipients, respectively. Children had a survival of 93.4%. In multivariate analysis, older age (p = 0.02), need for ICU (p < 0.0001) and moderate/high immunodeficiency index (p = 0.04) increased the risk while better performance status (p = 0.001) decreased the risk for mortality. Other factors such as underlying diagnosis, time from HCT, GVHD, or ongoing immunosuppression did not significantly impact overall survival. We conclude that HCT patients are at high risk of developing LRTD, require admission to ICU, and have increased mortality in COVID-19.UK NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research CentreWe are grateful for the collaboration with the British Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (BSBMTCT). We are also grateful to all physicians, nurses, and other staff treating these patients under very challenging circumstances and still being able to help with providing data for this manuscript. JA acknowledges the support of the UK NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre
Do biochemical parameters and intradialytic symptoms affect post-dialysis recovery time? A prospective, descriptive study
No full textTosun, Betul/0000-0002-4505-5887PubMed: 33497021WOS:000616043400001The recovery time is defined as the time required to recover from the feelings of lassitude and fatigue. The daily activities of patients are affected by dialysis sessions, requiring significant time for patients to return to their routines. This situation implies a lower quality of life for HD patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of biochemical parameters and intradialytic symptoms on post-dialysis recovery time in maintenance HD patients. This study was conducted at a private dialysis center during June and August 2019. Data were collected using the "Descriptive Characteristics Form" and the "Dialysis Symptom Index." "STROBE check-list" was used for the report of the study. The study was completed with 86 participants. The median post-dialysis recovery time was 240 min (interquartile range, 120-360 min), and female patients exhibit significantly higher recovery time than male patients. The median BMI was statistically significantly higher in patients whose post-dialysis recovery time was >= 240 min. Additional findings show that the post-dialysis recovery time was shortened by 0.230 times for male patients, while intradialytic hypotension (IDH) prolonged the median post-dialysis recovery time by 3.141 times. Factors underlying the IDH should be determined in order to eradicate the issue. The study was registered in with the number NCT04274556
Hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy offers more liberal use of right kidneys: lessons learned from 565 cases - a retrospective single-center study
No full textDAYANGAC, MURAT/0000-0002-1240-7233; Akin, Baris/0000-0002-7410-3614PubMed: 33340167WOS:000622178600001The introduction of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy caused a shift toward, left donor nephrectomy. Some centers report a significantly low rate of endoscopic right donor nephrectomy. Hand-assisted retroperitoneoscopic donor nephrectomy (HARP-DN) was introduced as a novel surgical technique, which aims to avoid intra-abdominal complications. It was also reported to provide technical advantages for right-sided DN. In this retrospective single-center study, we evaluated the impact of HARP-DN technique on utilization of right-sided DNs. After the implementation of HARP-DN on February 2009, a total of 565 DNs were performed until December 2015. The introduction of HARP-DN technique resulted in an immediate increase in the utilization of right kidneys from 6.1% to an average of 19.6% annually. The donors 'outcome was similar to the left-sided and right-sided DN groups, excluding the increased incidence of incisional hernias in left kidney donors. None of the donors developed intra-abdominal complications. In conclusion, the implementation of HARP technique significantly increased the use of right-sided DNs, which enables a more liberal use of donors in LDKT
