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Oxidative Stress Status in Testis of Type-2 Diabetic Rats Treated with Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol
No full textObjective: Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is a multifactorial disease that occurs as a result of impaired insulin secretion and increased glucose. Researchers emphasize that oxidative stress prevention and improvement strategies are important in the general treatment of T2D. It is reported that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), a component of the cannabis plant, has positive effects against oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, this study explored the inhibitory effects of THC on oxidative damage of testis in type-2 diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Adult Spraque-Dawley rats were separated into 4 groups. In the control group, physiological saline was given intraperitoneally. In the T2D model group (T2DM), streptozotocin (STZ) + nicotinamide (NAD) was administered intraperitoneally. Three mg/kg/day THC was given to the THC and T2DM+THC groups for 7 days, intraperitoneally. Glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and protein carbonyl levels (PCO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured spectrophotometrically in testicular tissue. Total oxidant and antioxidant status were determined by ELISA. Results: Testicular GSH level and SOD activity were significantly decreased in T2D, while MDA and PCO levels increased. In contrast to this effect, the THC treatment increased GSH levels and SOD activity in diabetics, but decreased MDA and PCO levels. Conclusion: According to the study results, THC may have an oxidative stress inhibitory effect on diabetic rat testis. © 2021 European Journal of Biology. All rights reserved
Cerebral oxygenation assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy in the sitting and prone positions during posterior fossa surgery: a prospective, randomized clinical study
No full textObjectives: Sitting position (SP) or prone position (PP) are used for posterior fossa surgery. The SP induced reduction in cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) has been shown in shoulder surgeries, but there is not enough data in intracranial tumor surgery. Studies showed that PP is safe in terms of cerebral oxygen saturation in patients undergoing spinal surgery. Our hypothesis is that the SP may improve cerebral oxygenation in the patients with intracranial pathologies due to reduction in intracranial pressure. Therefore, we compared the effects of the SP and PP on rSO2 in patients undergoing posterior fossa tumor surgery. Methods: Data were collected patients undergoing posterior fossa surgery, 20 patients in SP compared to 21 patients in PP. The rSO2 was assessed using INVOS monitor. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), EtCO2, BIS, and bilateral rSO2 were recorded preoperatively, and at 5, 8, and 11 minutes after the intubation and every 3 minutes after patient positioning until the initial surgical incision. Results: Cerebral oxygenation slowly reduced in both the sitting and prone position patients following the positioning (p < 0.002), without any difference between the groups. The HR and MAP were lower in the sitting SP after positioning compared to the PP. Conclusion: Neurosurgery in the SP and PP is associated with slight reduction in cerebral oxygenation. We speculate that if we rise the lower limit of MAP, we might have showed the beneficial effect of the SP on rSO2. © 2021 Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologi
A rare case of granulomatous slack skin associated with rheumatoid arthritis
No full text[No abstract available
Acute Kidney Injury in Neonates with Perinatal Asphyxia Receiving Therapeutic Hypothermia
No full textObjective To assess the incidence and severity of acute kidney injury (AKI) and evaluate risk factors that predict AKI in asphyxiated infants receiving therapeutic hypothermia. Study Design Infants >= 36 weeks' gestation diagnosed with moderate-to-severe perinatal asphyxia and received therapeutic hypothermia were reviewed retrospectively ( n =166). Modified Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria were used to diagnose AKI. The results of infants with AKI were compared with the infants who did not develop AKI. Results AKI developed in 49 (29.5%) infants, of whom 22 had stage I, 13 had stage II, and 14 had stage III AKI. The overall mortality rate was 15.7% and was significantly higher in infants with AKI when compared with infants without AKI (41 vs. 5%; p 15mmol/L), with 69% sensitivity (95% CI: 55-82) and 82% specificity (95% CI: 74-89), and for 12-hour lactate level (>6mmol/L), with 83.7% sensitivity (95% CI: 70-93) and 73.5% specificity (95% CI: 64.5-81), to predict AKI. Conclusion AKI is still a common complication of perinatal asphyxia despite treatment with therapeutic hypothermia. Identification of risk factors associated with the development of AKI in asphyxiated infants would be potentially beneficial to reduce morbidity and mortality. Besides perinatal risk factors, initial and 12-hour lactate concentrations can be used for the early prediction of AKI
Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on myocardial apoptosis in the rat model of isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury and investigation on the cardioprotective role of calpain inhibitor 1
No full textWe investigated the presence of myocardial apoptosis on isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial injury (MI) after long-term high dose alcohol consumption and examined the antiapoptotic role of calpain inhibitor 1. Male Wistar Albino rats (n = 108) were divided into six groups: Control, alcohol (ethanol was given during 30 days for chronic alcohol consumption), MI (150 mg/kg ISO injection at last two days of alcohol consumption), alcohol + MI, alcohol + MI + calpain inhibitor 1 (10 mg/kg inhibitor was injected at 15 min before ISO injections) and Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) groups. Biochemical, histological, and morphometric methods determined apoptosis levels in the heart tissue of rats. Cytochrome c, caspase 3, and calpain levels were significantly high in alcohol, MI, and alcohol + MI groups. In contrast, mitochondrial cardiolipin content was found to be low in alcohol, MI, and alcohol + MI groups. These parameters were close to the control group in the therapy group. Histological and morphometric data have supported biochemical results. As a result of our biochemical data, myocardial apoptosis was seen in the alcohol, MI, and especially alcohol after MI groups. Calpain inhibitor 1 reduced apoptotic cell death and prevented myocardial tissue injury in these groups. The efficiency of calpain inhibitor was very marked in MI after long-term high dose alcohol consumption.Scientific and Technological Research Council of TurkeyTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [TUBITAK-111S533]This research was financially supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey [TUBITAK-111S533 project]
Diagnostic value of heterogeneity index and SUVmax for grading of HCC in PET/MRI
No full text[No Abstract Availale
Reliability of cavernous sinus sampling in management of Cushing’s disease
No full textObjectives: The purpose of this study is to find out the accuracy of bilateral cavernous sinus sampling (CSS) for preoperative tumor lateralization within the pituitary in Cushing’s disease (CD). Methods: Sixty-five patients who had undergone transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) following CSS for CD between 2000-2016 at our institution were analyzed retrospectively. All patients underwent bilaterally CSS with corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) stimulation. Radiological, preoperative, and pathological findings with remission status were correlated with CSS data. The accuracy of CSS is decided according to compliance with the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), pathology or remission after surgery of the normal MRI cases. Results: CSS indicated the correct lateralization in 52 (80%) patients. There was the same level elevation of both sides in 3 patients who had central adenoma. Remission rate in the final follow-up was 83.87% for 65 patients. We found out the contralateral pathological side in 13 (20%) of the patients showing false lateralization. Twenty-four patients with normal MRI had a positive accuracy rate of 83%. Of those patients, with a positive accuracy of CSS sampling, 18 (90%) had a positive remission. As a result of the Kappa analysis, statistically significance and relation was found between the final diagnosis and lateralization test (?=0,63 p < 0.001). Conclusions: Our results showed that CSS is a safe and reliable method for microadenomas which has high diagnostic accuracy (80%) in indicating the correct lateralization in CD, providing us higher remission rates in a challenging pathology.