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THE EFFECT OF AGMATINE ON SPIKE-AND-WAVE DISCHARGES IN A GENETIC MODEL OF ABSENCE EPILEPSY
No full textObjective: Studies on the actions of exogenous agmatine in experimental models have shown its anti-convulsant effects. However, there are no findings regarding the influence of agmatine on absence epilepsy. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the agmatine in the occurrence of spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) in the Wistar Albino Glaxo Rijswijk rats (WAG/Rij) model of genetic absence epilepsy. Material and Method: Three different doses (20, 40 or 80 mg/kg) of agmatine or saline were administered intraperitoneally to the adult WAG/Rij rats, and electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded for 2.5 hours. The number and the mean and cumulative durations of SWDs were measured. The SWD frequency characteristics were quantified by means of average power-spectra of the first 2 s segments of the SWD complexes before and after the effective dose of agmatine. Results: Agmatine, administered 80 mg/kg systemically, temporarily increased the number and cumulative duration of SWDs compared with saline injected WAG/Rij rats. This effect of agmatine, however, was not associated with any change in the frequency characteristics of the SWD complexes. There was no effect on neither the incidence nor the cumulative duration of SWDs when agmatine administered in lower doses (20 or 40 mg/kg). Conclusion: Higher doses of agmatine temporarily and slightly increase the incidence of SWDs in WAG/Rij rats, which may suggest its possible aggravating activity in absence epilepsy patients through its activity on adrenergic, serotonergic and AMPA receptors.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kocaeli UniversityKocaeli University [2014/102HD]This study was supported by grants from the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Kocaeli University (Project number: 2014/102HD)
The Sexual Experiences of Turkish Women after Bariatric Surgery: A Qualitative Study
No full textBariatric surgery affects not only quality of life in general, but also sexual life of patients. Because sexual life is also affected by cultural factors, it is believed that the effects of bariatric surgery on sexual life in different cultures need to be evaluated. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the experiences of Turkish obese women in their sexual life before and after bariatric surgery. The sample of the study was included 16 women who underwent bariatric surgery. Data were collected via semi-structured face-to-face interviews. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically. During the analysis process three categories were identified. The main categories were as follows: weight-related experiences until surgery:' surgical motivations and expectations, and changes after surgery:' This study highlighted the impact of bariatric surgery on women's sexual lives. Bariatric team member should be aware of effects of obesity and bariatric surgery on sexuality and address sexuality in counseling for patients
Glottic views using a Miller size 0 blade are superior to those from a Macintosh size 0 blade in neonates: a randomized trial
No full textBackground: Both the Miller and Macintosh blades are commonly used during laryngoscopy in infants and children, although the glottic views have not been compared in neonates. This study compared the glottic views with the Miller and Macintosh size 0 blades in neonates when the blades were placed above and below the epiglottis. Methods: Forty anaesthetized and paralyzed neonates undergoing elective surgery were enrolled and randomized to either the Miller or Macintosh size 0 blade. Two glottic views were obtained in random order in each neonate and were photographed using the same blade: lifting the epiglottis first then the tongue base or vice versa. The percentage of glottic opening (POGO) scores were evaluated with each view. The POGO scores and cardiorespiratory variables were then analysed. Results: The POGO scores using the Miller blade to lift both the epiglottis and the tongue base were similar, whereas the scores using the Macintosh blade to lift the epiglottis were greater than those to lift the tongue base. The POGO scores using the Miller blade in both positions were significantly greater than those using the Macintosh blade in the corresponding positions (P = 0.0001). The heart rate using the Miller blade was greater than that using the Macintosh blade (P = 0.0001). Conclusions: In neonates, the glottic views using the Miller size 0 blade to lift both the epiglottis and the tongue base were deemed to be excellent and superior to those using the Macintosh blade in both positions
Comparison of the Effects of Extracorporeal Irradiation and Liquid Nitrogen on Nerve Recovery in a Rat Model
No full textAim of the study: Biologic reconstruction using tumor-bearing bone autografts devitalized by liquid nitrogen or extracorporeal irradiation (oncological sterilization) is a safe and effective method in musculoskeletal surgery. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of these two oncological sterilization methods on nerve recovery. Methods: A total of 48 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups as autograft, irradiation and liquid nitrogen groups. A nerve defect created in the right sciatic nerve was reconstructed with an autograft obtained from the nerve itself. Group I underwent reconstruction with standard nerve autograft. Group II and Group III underwent reconstruction with devitalized nerve autograft treated through extracorporeal irradiation and liquid nitrogen, respectively. The left sciatic nerves of the rats served as control. Electromyography, motor function test and histomorphological analysis were performed to assess the nerve recovery on the 3rd (early stage) and 4th months (late stage). Results: Electrophysiological assessment revealed better results in irradiation group compared with liquid nitrogen group in terms of myelinization and axonal regeneration. Motor performance of the autograft group was slightly better than the other groups. Histologically, autograft group demonstrated better results compared with other groups. Late-stage assessments revealed high rates of myelinization in the graft segment in liquid nitrogen group and in the segment distal to the graft in irradiation group. Conclusions: This study has demonstrated that nerve autografts treated by oncological sterilization methods may be used for nerve reconstruction in limb salvage surgery. However, further studies are needed to clarify the applicability of these methods. © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.15-TIP-013This work was supported by Ege University Scientific Research Foundation (15-TIP-013)
Haploidentical Versus Matched Sibling Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Adult Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Study from the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
No full text[No Abstract Available
Appropriate Neck Circumference Cut-Off Points for Overweight and Central Obesity In Turkish University Students
No full textWOS:000636784700033Background: NC is an easier and faster anthropometric measurement and has been demonstrated that there is strong correlation between NC and WC Material and Methods: In addition to our preliminary study we have demonstrated that; the NC has strong corelation with owerveight and central obesity.In this step of the preliminary study, we investigated to evaluate the correlation of the neck circumference with BMI, WC, W/H ratio and to establish cut off values of the NC for prediction of overweight and central obesity in larger population. Results: The prevalence of overweight was 17.1%. An NC of >37 cm for men and >32.5 cm for women was the best cut off point for determining subjects with overweight (P38.5 cm for men and >33.5cm for women was the best cut-off point for determining subjects with obese (P37 cm for men and >32.5 cm for women was the best cut-off point to determine subjects with overweight and a NC >38.5 cm for men and >33.5cm for women was the best cut-off point to determine subjects with central obesity
Effect of malpractice claims on orthopedic and traumatology physicians in Turkey: A survey study
No full textPubMed: 33847581WOS:000637404800016Objective: This study aimed to investigate the malpractice claims experienced by orthopedic and traumatology physicians and to determine their effects on burnout, job satisfaction, and clinical practice. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on orthopedic and traumatology specialists between May 2019 and February 2020. Data collection was carried out via e-survey at "turk-ortopedi" mail group, which is an electronic communication network of orthopedic and traumatology physicians. For data collection, sociodemographic data forms were used including the general characteristics, working conditions, and the malpractice claim events along with the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale to evaluate burnout and the Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire to investigate job satisfaction. Results: In total, 353 orthopedic and traumatology physicians (348 men, 5 women), including 37 professors, 41 associate professors, and 275 surgeons, completed the questionnaire. In total, 65.4% of the participants (231 physicians and 471 relevant dossiers) stated that they were currently facing a malpractice claim. Emotional burnout and hesitant behavior in medical practices were significantly higher among the physicians who had undergone an investigation/trial with the claim of malpractice (p<0.05), whereas intrinsic job satisfaction was significantly lower (p<0.05). It was determined that orthopedic and traumatology physicians dealing with arthroplasty, vertebral surgery, hand surgery, and foot/ankle surgeries had undergone significantly more trials (p<0.05). In the evaluation of the burnout levels and job satisfaction scores of the physicians according to the age, academic title, seniority, and institution, it was determined that burnout level decreased with age, those between the ages of 25 and 34 years were exhausted the most, and job satisfaction increased with age. It was also found that burnout level decreased and job satisfaction increased as the academic title became higher, and attending physicians were the most exhausted. Moreover, burnout level decreased as seniority increased, the most senior ones were the ones most exhausted, and job satisfaction increased with seniority. Conclusion: Evidence from this study has revealed that malpractice claims cause emotional burnout, low intrinsic job satisfaction, and a hesitant behavior in medical practice for the orthopedic and traumatology physicians. The concept of malpractice alone may result in unnecessary analyses/examinations for patients
Scale of Assessment of Self-Care Behaviors with Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis: A Psychometric Study in Brazil
No full textGarcia Nicole, Andressa/0000-0003-1791-0580; Sousa, Clemente Neves/0000-0003-2654-0497PubMed: 33491487WOS:000618494400001The purpose of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian Scale for the Assessment of Self-Care Behaviors with Arteriovenous Fistula in Hemodialysis. Cross-sectional validation study, followed the recommendation provided by Sousa and Rojjanasrirat. Content validity, explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses used to check validity and Cronbach's alpha was the reliability measure. Three hundred hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula were included in the study. The expert committee assessed the content validity. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the same two-factor structure found for the original scale, explaining 60.10% of the variance. Such solution was checked by confirmatory factor analysis with Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.920, 0.810, and 0.884 for the overall scale, the self-care in management of signs and symptoms and the self-care in prevention of complications subscales respectively. The scale has good psychometric properties to assess self-care behaviors and can be used with Brazilian patients on hemodialysis with arteriovenous fistula
Chronic Oxytocin treatment has long lasting therapeutic potential in a rat model of neonatal hypercapnic-hypoxia injury, through enhanced GABAergic signaling and by reducing hippocampal gliosis with its anti-inflammatory feature
No full textPubMed: 33022295Previous studies have shown that, oxytocin has anticonvulsant and neuroprotective effects. One of the most important complications of Hypercapnic-hypoxia is drug resistance epilepsy. Effects of chronic intraperitoneal oxytocin treatment on gliosis, neuroinflammation and seizure activity was investigated in a model in which rats were exposed to hypoxia on postnatal day 1 and later challenged to the seizure-inducing pentylenetetrazol Forty pups were included in the study on their first day of birth. 16 pups were exposed to 100% CO2 for 5 minutes and other 16 pups for 10 minutes. the remaining 8 pups comprised the control group. Groups were classified according to oxytocin administration within the first 4 weeks. Pentylenetetrazol was administered 6 months after the oxytocin treatment. the Racine's Convulsion Scale and onset times of first myoclonic jerk (FMJ) were evaluated. To determine the mechanisms by which oxytocin exerted its effects on hypercapnic-anoxia exposed rats, we performed CA1 total neuron count & CA1 GFAP immunostaining, and measured brain levels of TNF-? and GAD-67. the Racine scale and TNF-? values were significantly lower in both groups that received oxytocin, while time-to-FMJ and GAD-67 level were significantly higher. the histopathological evaluations showed that oxytocin had significant ameliorative effects (especially regarding gliosis) on the hippocampus of hypoxic rats. Regarding the results of present study, it can be speculated that after acute hypercapnic-anoxia exposure, chronic Oxytocin treatment has long lasting therapeutic potential on rats, possibly by reducing the gliosis with its anti-inflammatory feature and by activating the GABA pathway. © 2020 Elsevier Inc.None
Diabetic Retinopathy and the Principles of Screening
No full textDiabetes-related eye problems are a growing eye health concern globally, and diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness. Ideally, people with diabetes should have an initial comprehensive eye examination, including fundus examination through dilated pupils, and then followed up with recommended intervals. However, in reality, this cannot be achieved because of the limitations in the human resources and health facilities, among others. On the other hand, fundus screening for DR justifies the suggested principles for screening for combating a disease. DR screening programs at the local/regional/national level can serve as an effective way for the diagnosis and treatment of vision-threatening DR in people with diabetes. These programs need to be tailored according to the human resources and the infrastructure of the community; they will serve, and they should have a monitoring system in place, as well. The availability, accessibility, and affordability of the treatment should also be ensured for people with visionthreatening DR