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Search for flavor-changing neutral-current couplings between the top quark and the Z boson with proton-proton collisions at ?s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFA search for flavor-changing neutral-current couplings between a top quark, an up or charm quark, and a Z boson is presented, using proton-proton collision data at root s = 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analyzed data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb(-1). The search targets both single-top- quark events produced as gq -> tZ (with q = u, c) and top-quark-pair events, with one top quark decaying through the t -> Zq channel. The analysis considers events with three leptons (electrons or muons), a b-tagged jet, possible additional jets, and missing transverse momentum. The data are found to be consistent with the background-only hypothesis and 95% confidence-level limits on the t -> Zq branching ratios, assuming only tensor operators of the Standard Model effective field theory framework contribute to the tZq vertices. These are 6.2 x 10(-5) (13 x 10(-5)) for t -> Zu (t -> Zc) for a left-handed tZq coupling, and 6.6 x 10(-5) (12 x 10(-5)) in the case of a right-handed coupling. These results are interpreted as 95% CL upper limits on the strength of the corresponding couplings, yielding limits for |C-uW((13))*| and |C-uB((13))*| (|C-uW((31))| and |C-uB((31))|) of 0.15 (0.16), and limits for |C-uW((23))*| and |C-uB((23))*| (|C-uW((32))| and |C-uB((32))|) of 0.22 (0.21), assuming a new-physics energy scale Lambda(NP) of 1 TeV
Settlement Mechanism In Competition Law
Get PDFÖzet: 4054 sayılı Rekabetin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’a, 7246 sayılı Kanun ile getirilen yeniliklerden birisi de uzlaşma mekanizması olmuştur. Aynı değişiklikle birlikte, uzlaşmaya ilişkin usul ve esasların Rekabet Kurulu tarafından çıkarılacak yönetmelik ile belirleneceği hüküm altına alınmıştır. Rekabet Kurulu bu görevine ilişkin olarak hazırlamış olduğu “Rekabeti Sınırlayıcı Anlaşma, Uyumlu Eylem ve Kararlar ile Hâkim Durumun Kötüye Kullanılmasına Yönelik Soruşturmalarda Uygulanabilecek Uzlaşma Usulüne İlişkin Yönetmelik” 15.07.2021 tarihinde Resmî Gazete’de yayımlanarak yürürlüğe girmiştir . Söz konusu yönetmeliğin de yürürlüğe girmesiyle beraber kanun değişikliğiyle öngörülen üçleme (de minimis, taahhüt, uzlaşma) tamamlanmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, Türk rekabet hukuku için yeni bir kurum olan uzlaşmayı tüm yönleriyle incelemektir. Bu kapsamda, makalenin ilk bölümünde, rekabet hukukunda uzlaşmayla ilgili genel nitelikte açıklamalar yapılmış ve hibrit uzlaşma müessesesi ele alınmıştır. İkinci bölümünde, Uzlaşma Yönetmeliği’nde tasarlanan uzlaşma sürecinin tüm safhaları sırasıyla anlatılmış, ilk bakışta meydana gelebilecek sorunlara dikkat çekilmiştir. Bu yapılırken, daha önce kamuoyu görüşüne açılan taslak yönetmelik ile arasındaki farklara da değinilmiştir. Yine aynı bölümde Rekabet Kurulu tarafından verilmiş olan uzlaşma kararları da incelenmiştir. Üçüncü bölümünde, Avrupa Birliği rekabet hukukundaki yerleşmiş uygulama istatistiki verilerle anlatılmış ve uzlaşmaya ilişkin düzenlemeler karşılaştırmalı olarak incelenmiştir. Buradan hareketle Türk rekabet hukukuna yönelik çeşitli çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Dördüncü bölümünde, uzlaşma ile ilgili en önemli konulardan biri olan uzlaşan ve uzlaşmayan taraflar arasındaki ilişki ele alınmıştır. Beşinci bölümünde ise uzlaşmanın özel hukuk alanındaki sonuçlarına değinilmiştir.Abstract: Pursuant to Law No. 7246, the amendments to Law No. 4054 on the Protection of Competition introduced the settlement mechanism to Turkish competition law. These same amendments stipulate that the procedures and principles regarding the settlement mechanism are to be determined by regulation issued by the Turkish Competition Board. The Regulation on the Settlement Procedure Applicable in Investigations on Agreements, Concerted Practices and Decisions Restricting Competition and Abuses of Dominant Position was prepared by the Turkish Competition Board regarding this duty and was entered into force upon being published in the Official Gazette on July 15, 2021. The enactment of this regulation fulfilled the three points (i.e., de minimis, commitments, and settlement) as envisaged by the amendments. The aim of this article is to examine all aspects of the settlement mechanism, which is a new institution for Turkish competition law. In this context, the article’s first section provides general explanations about settlement in competition law and discusses the concept of hybrid settlement. The second explains in order all the phases of the settlement procedure as designed in the Settlement Regulation and draws attention to problems that may arise at first glance. While doing so, the article also mentions the differences between the Draft Settlement Regulation, which had been previously opened up to public opinion. This same section also examines settlement decisions that have been rendered by the Turkish Competitio
The resurrection of earlier imprints post mortem: Explaining the Turkish agricultural cooperative movement with an imprinting theory lens, 1888-1937
No full textThis study aims to extend the cooperative lifecycle theory, which builds on consecutive degeneration and regeneration of ideal cooperative values such as democracy, self-help, and solidarity by offering a new regenerative mechanism. In this respect, the study imports multilevel imprinting theory from the organizational ecology domain to explicate the punctuated evolutionary pattern of Turkish agricultural credit cooperatives, which displayed significantly different characteristics from Raiffeisen cooperatives that cooperative discourse in Turkiye used for a long as a benchmark. The archival research undertaken in the study asserts that the imprints of Ottoman Memleket Sandiks (OMS) have stamped agricultural credit cooperatives of the Republican era long after their erosion. The resurrection of imprints was enabled by Ziraat Bank, which acted as an intermediary organization and took over the remnants of OMSs. Our analyses also suggest that the State's polity and policy transformations culminate in selective activation of past imprints within the Ziraat Bank, which, in turn, shaped the Turkish agricultural cooperative field.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tuerkiye [217K015]The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Tuerkiye, Grant/Award Number: 217K01
The effect of conflict dynamics on ethnic identities: the example of the Syrian civil war
Get PDFÖZET: Savaş dinamikleri etnik kimliklerin iç savaş esnasında katılaşmasını nasıl etkiler? Etnik savaşlar üzerine yapılan çalışmaların ekseriyeti etnik kimliklerin iç savaş esnasında ön plana çıkmasını elitlerin manipülasyonuna bağlamaktadır. Fakat, kitlelerin bu manipülasyona neden katıldığını ve etnik özdeşleşme sürecinin nasıl işlediğini yeterince açıklayamamaktadır. Bu çalışmada Mart 2011 yılında başlayan Suriye iç savaşı incelenmiş ve etnik özdeşleşme sürecinin işleyişini açıklaması umulan bir nedensel mekanizma ortaya koyulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla 41 Suriyeli mülteciyle yarı-yapılandırılmış mülakat tekniği kullanılarak İstanbul ve Gaziantep illerinde görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre, insanların kandırıldıkları ya da maddi çıkarlarına uyduğu için elitlerin manipülasyonuna katılmaları gibi bir durum söz konusu değildir. Bunun yerine, güvensizlik-kimlik teorisinin iddia ettiği üzere artan güvensizlik ve korku gibi savaş dinamikleri bireylerin karar alma sürecinde etkili olmuş ve iç savaşta hayatta kalabilmek adına kendilerine uygun gördükleri etnik kimliklerle özdeşleşmişlerdir.ABSTRACT: How do war-time dynamics affect the solidifications of ethnic identities in a civil war? The literature on ethnic conflicts mostly focuses on the role of manipulation by the elites in explaining the rising ethnicity in a civil war. However, it does a poor job of explaining why the masses follow the manipulations of the elites and how the ethnic identification process works. To reveal the casual mechanism of the process of ethnic identification, the Syrian Civil War, which broke out in March 2011, was investigated. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 41 participants in two cities, Istanbul and Gaziantep, where most of the Syrian refugees live. The findings of this study suggest that the masses do not follow the elite manipulation because it is deceiving them or because following them suits their material interest. Instead, as proposed by the uncertainty-identity theory, the war-time dynamics, such as rising uncertainty and fear, affect the decisions of the individuals caught in a civil war and force them to identify with co-ethnics to survive the conflict
Measurement of cross sections for production of a Z boson in association with a flavor-inclusive or doubly b-tagged large-radius jet in proton-proton collisions at p s=13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment
Get PDFWe present measurements of cross sections for production of a leptonically decaying Z boson in association with a large-radius jet in 13 TeV proton-proton collisions at the LHC, using 36 fb-1 of data from the ATLAS detector. Integrated and differential cross sections are measured at particle level in both a flavor inclusive and a doubly b-tagged fiducial phase space. The large-radius jet mass and transverse momentum, its kinematic relationship to the Z boson, and the angular separation of b-tagged small-radius track jets within the large-radius jet are measured. This measurement constitutes an important test of perturbative quantum chromodynamics in kinematic and flavor configurations relevant to several Higgs boson and beyond-Standard-Model physics analyses. The results highlight issues with modeling of additional hadronic activity in the flavor-inclusive selection, and a distinction between flavor-number schemes in the b-tagged phase space
Search for pair-production of vector-like quarks in pp collision events at ?s=13 TeV with at least one leptonically decaying Z boson and a third-generation quark with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFA search for the pair-production of vector-like quarks optimized for decays into a Z boson and a third-generation Standard Model quark is presented, using the full Run 2 dataset corresponding to 139 fb-1 of pp collisions at & RADIC;s = 13 TeV, collected in 2015-2018 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The targeted final state is characterized by the presence of a Z boson with high transverse momentum, reconstructed from a pair of same-flavour leptons with opposite-sign charges, as well as by the presence of b-tagged jets and high-transverse-momentum large-radius jets reconstructed from calibrated smaller-radius jets. Events with exactly two or at least three leptons are used, which are further categorized by the presence of boosted W, Z, and Higgs bosons and top quarks. The categorization is performed using a neural-network-based boosted object tagger to enhance the sensitivity to signal relative to the background. No significant excess above the background expectation is observed and exclusion limits at 95% confidence level are set on the masses of the vector-like partners T and B of the top and bottom quarks, respectively. The limits depend on the branching ratio configurations and, in the case of 100% branching ratio for T-+ Zt and 100% branching ratio for B-+ Zb, this search sets the most stringent limits to date, allowing mT > 1.60 TeV and mB > 1.42 TeV, respectively. & COPY; 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons .org /licenses /by /4 .0/). Funded by SCOAP3
The possibility of generalized social choice functions and Nash's independence of irrelevant alternatives
No full textSocial choice functions are generalized to handle Nash's independence of irrelevant alternatives. Possibility and impossibility results are established
How does the economic policy uncertainty affect the relationship between financial slack and firm performance in emerging countries?
No full textThis study investigates the moderating effect of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on the relationship between slack resources and firm performance in emerging countries. By using 47,523 firm-year observations from seven emerging market economies through the period of 2010-2018, the results show an inverse U-shaped relationship between slack resources and firm performance. The findings also demonstrate that EPU acts as a negative moderator for the slack-performance relationship. In high EPU environments, the marginal benefit from one additional unit of slack is smaller relative to low EPU environments. This study contributes to the slack resources-firm performance literature by emphasizing the role of the broader external environment as a moderator