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Switching the Left and the Right Hearts: A Novel Bi-ventricle Mechanical Support Strategy with Spared Native Single-Ventricle
Get PDFEnd-stage Fontan patients with single-ventricle (SV) circulation are often bridged-to-heart transplantation via mechanical circulatory support (MCS). Donor shortage and complexity of the SV physiology demand innovative MCS. In this paper, an out-of-the-box circulation concept, in which the left and right ventricles are switched with each other is introduced as a novel bi-ventricle MCS configuration for the "failing" Fontan patients. In the proposed configuration, the systemic circulation is maintained through a conventional mechanical ventricle assist device (VAD) while the venous circulation is delegated to the native SV. This approach spares the SV and puts it to a new use at the right-side providing the most-needed venous flow pulsatility to the failed Fontan circulation. To analyze its feasibility and performance, eight SV failure modes have been studied via an established multi-compartmental lumped parameter cardiovascular model (LPM). Here the LPM model is experimentally validated against the corresponding pulsatile mock-up flow loop measurements of a representative 15-year-old Fontan patient employing a clinically-approved VAD (Medtronic-HeartWare). The proposed surgical configuration maintained the healthy cardiac index (3-3.5 l/min/m(2)) and the normal mean systemic arterial pressure levels. For a failed SV with low ejection fraction (EF = 26%), representing a typical systemic Fontan failure, the proposed configuration enabled a similar to 28 mmHg amplitude in the venous/pulmonary waveforms and a 2 mmHg decrease in the central venous pressure (CVP) together with acceptable mean pulmonary artery pressures (17.5 mmHg). The pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)-SV failure case provided a similar to 5 mmHg drop in the CVP, with venous/pulmonary pulsatility reaching to similar to 22 mmHg. For the high PVR failure case with a healthy SV (EF = 44%) pulmonary hypertension is likely to occur as expected. While this condition is routinely encountered during the heart transplantation and managed through pulmonary vasodilators a need for precise functional assessment of the spared failed-ventricle is recommended if utilized in the PVR failure mode. Comprehensive in vitro and in silico results encourage this novel concept as a low-cost, more physiological alternative to the conventional bi-ventricle MCS pending animal experiments
Measurement of prompt and nonprompt charmonium suppression in PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV (vol 78, 509, 2018)
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Correction to: The Neoliberal Face of the ‘Local Turn’ in Governance of Refugees in Turkey: Participatory Action Research in Karacabey, Bursa
No full textBased on the findings of participatory action research conducted in 2020 and 2021 in Karacabey, Bursa (Turkey), the article aims to offer a critical assessment of the current vocabulary that has become prevalent in Migration Studies such as ‘local turn’ and ‘resilience’. In doing so, the article demonstrates the neoliberal logic of governance of migration and integration of migrants and refugees—a logic that is manifested by the Turkish central state in the form of delegating responsibilities to local actors without an attempt to financially strengthen them. Karacabey encounters various problems similar to many other rural and mountainous places in Europe such as depopulation, aging, emigration, deforestation, deinvestment, reduction of agricultural lands and production, and environmental problems. As the last decade has brought about massive migration of Syrians, the article mostly elaborates on their social, economic, and territorial impacts on Karacabey and Bursa—a region that has been historically exposed to various forms of migration, both international and domestic
Search for single vector-like B quark production and decay via B ? bH(b(b)over-bar) in pp collisions at ?s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFA search is presented for single production of a vector-like B quark decaying into a Standard Model b-quark and a Standard Model Higgs boson, which decays into a b (b) over bar pair. The search is carried out in 139 fb(-1) of root s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC between 2015 and 2018. No significant deviation from the Standard Model background prediction is observed, and mass-dependent exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the resonance production cross-section in several theoretical scenarios determined by the couplings c(W), c(Z) and c(H) between the B quark and the Standard Model W, Z and Higgs bosons, respectively. For a vector-like B occurring as an isospin singlet, the search excludes values of c(W) greater than 0.45 for a B resonance mass (m(B)) between 1.0 and 1.2 TeV. For 1.2 TeV < m(B <) 2.0 TeV, c(W) values larger than 0.50-0.65 are excluded. If the B occurs as part of a (B, Y) doublet, the smallest excluded c(Z) coupling values range between 0.3 and 0.5 across the investigated resonance mass range 1.0 TeV < m(B) < 2.0 TeV
Gender differences in the associations between childhood adversity and psychopathology in the general population
Get PDFPurposeTo explore gender differences of the associations between childhood adversity (CA) subtypes and psychiatric symptoms in the general population.MethodsData of 791 participants were retrieved from a general population twin cohort. The Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90) and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire were used to assess overall psychopathology with nine symptom domains scores and total CA with exposure to five CA subtypes, respectively. The associations between CA and psychopathology were analyzed in men and women separately and were subsequently compared.ResultsTotal CA was associated with total SCL-90 and all symptom domains without significant gender differences. However, the analyses of CA subtypes showed that the association between emotional abuse and total SCL-90 was stronger in women compared to men [& chi;2(1) = 4.10, P = 0.043]. Sexual abuse was significantly associated with total SCL-90 in women, but emotional neglect and physical neglect were associated with total SCL-90 in men. Exploratory analyses of CA subtypes and SCL-90 subdomains confirmed the pattern of gender-specific associations. In women, emotional abuse was associated with all symptom domains, and sexual abuse was associated with all except phobic anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity. In men, emotional neglect was associated with depression, and physical neglect was associated with phobic anxiety, anxiety, interpersonal sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid ideation, and hostility subdomains.ConclusionCA is a trans-syndromal risk factor regardless of gender. However, differential associations between CA subtypes and symptom manifestation might exist. Abuse might be particularly associated with psychopathology in women, whereas neglect might be associated with psychopathology in men
Education in emergencies: ERG’s experiences and recommendations in the aftermath of the February 6th earthquakes
Get PDFÖZET: Afetler sonucunda çocukların eğitime erişimi kısıtlanıyor, eğitim hizmetlerinin niteliği zarar görüyor, eğitim çalışanlarının risk altındaki çocukları destekleme olanakları azalıyor. Eğitime afet yönetimi döngüsünün her aşamasında önemli roller düşüyor. 6 Şubat 2023 depremleri sonrasında yürüttüğü çalışmalarda Eğitim Reformu Girişimi (ERG), depremlerin eğitime etkileri ile devreye sokulan eğitim politika ve uygulamalarını izlemenin yanı sıra sivil alanda dayanışmayı ve ortak izleme çalışmalarını desteklemeyi amaçlıyor. Bu çalışmalarda, eğitimin afet sonrasında toparlanma sürecinde oynayabileceği rollerle birlikte eğitimin olası gelecek afetlerin önlenmesinde ve/ya etkilerinin azaltılmasında üstlenmesi gereken roller de dikkate alınıyor. Depremler sonrasındaki müdahalelerin, depremler öncesinde de var olan kronikleşmiş sorunları ve kırılgan grupların ihtiyaçlarını dikkate alması gerektiği vurgulanıyor. Ayrıca, eğitim hizmetlerinin de önemli bir bileşeni olduğu çocuk koruma sisteminin güçlendirilmesine duyulan ihtiyacın altı çiziliyor.ABSTRACT: As a result of disasters, children’s access to education is restricted, the quality of education services is adversely affected, and education staff becomes less capable of supporting children at risk. Education has critical roles at every stage of the disaster management cycle. In the aftermath of the February 6th 2023 earthquakes, besides monitoring the effects of earthquakes on education, and newly initiated education policies and practices, Education Reform Initiative (ERG) aims to support solidarity among civil society actors and to facilitate joint monitoring efforts. These efforts take into consideration not only the roles that education can play in recovery processes but also the roles that education should assume in the prevention and/or mitigation of possible future emergencies. It is emphasized that current interventions should take into account the chronic problems that predate the earthquakes, and the needs of vulnerable groups. Moreover, the need to reinforce the child protection system, of which education services are an essential component, is highlighted
The Relationship between Political Attitudes and Life Satisfaction in Europe: An Econometric Analysis
No full textThis study examines the relationship between political attitudes and individuals’ life satisfaction. While there is a massive body of literature on the political economy of subjective well-being, no study has focused directly on political engagement (interest in politics) and political orientation (ideology). To fill this gap in the current literature, the present study investigates the impact of political engagement and orientation on individual life satisfaction through regression analysis (OLS and 2SLS methods) using the European Social Survey dataset. Our initial findings (as well as the results of the Durbin-Wu-Hausman test) point out the endogeneity problem for political orientation. In order to overcome the endogeneity problem, the instrumental variable estimation and the Stock-Watson test were conducted. Our results show that political engagement and orientation have a statistically significant influence on personal life satisfaction. Accordingly, as individuals' political engagement increases, life satisfaction decreases. Second, life satisfaction increases as one moves from left to right on the political spectrum
Acknowledge of Emotions for Improving Student-Robot Interaction
Get PDFRobot companions will soon be part of our everyday life and students in the engineering faculty must be trained to design, build, and interact with them. The two affordable robots presented in this paper have been designed and constructed by two undergraduate students; one artifi-cial agent is based on the Nvidia Jetson Nano development board and the other one on a remote computer system. Moreover, the robots have been refined with an empathetic system, to make them more user-friendly. Since automatic facial expression recognition skills is a necessary pre-processing step for acknowledging emotions, this paper tested different variations of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) to detect the six facial expressions plus the neutral face. The state-of-the-art performance of 75.1% on the Facial Expression Recognition (FER) 2013 database has been reached by the ensemble voting method. The runner-up model is the Visual Geometry Group (VGG) 16 which has been adopted by the two robots to recognize the expressions of the human partner and behave accordingly. An empirical study run among 55 university students confirmed the hypothesis that contact with empathetic artificial agents contributes to increasing the acceptance rate of robot
Smart paradigm to predict copper surface area of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst based on synthesis parameters
No full textCu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst is used in processes of water-gas shift, methanol steam reforming, and methanol synthesis in the industry. According to various experimental studies, the catalytic activity of this catalyst is directly proportional to its copper surface area (Cu(SA)). In this study, a machine learning approach for predicting Cu(SA) ranges in three classes (low, medium, and high) is introduced based on catalyst preparation factors. Three models of random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and multilayer perceptron artificial neural network (MLP-ANN) classifiers are developed and optimized using grid search 10-fold cross-validation for a 188 sample dataset extracted from 45 experimental studies. It is found that the RF classifier with 90% cross-validation accuracy score and 94.7% test data prediction accuracy score outperforms the other two models. The SHAP (or SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis is performed to investigate the effects of synth-esis factors, such as aging conditions, precipitant type, and pH on Cu(SA). It is concluded that Cu/Zn ratio has the greatest influence on Cu(SA). The optimum synthesis conditions yielding high Cu(SA) are also discovered, which is of great importance for synthesis of Cu/ ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts with high catalytic activity. (c) 2023 Institution of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Strange hadron collectivity in pPb and PbPb collisions
Get PDFThe collective behavior of K-S(0) and Lambda/(Lambda) over bar strange hadrons is studied by measuring the elliptic azimuthal anisotropy (v(2)) using the scalar-product and multiparticle correlation methods. Proton-lead (pPb) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy root s(NN) = 8.16 TeV and lead-lead (PbPb) collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC are investigated. Nonflow effects in the pPb collisions are studied by using a subevent cumulant analysis and by excluding events where a jet with transverse momentum greater than 20 GeV is present. The strange hadron v(2) values extracted in pPb collisions via the four- and six-particle correlation method are found to be nearly identical, suggesting the collective behavior. Comparisons of the pPb and PbPb results for both strange hadrons and charged particles illustrate how event-by-event flow fluctuations depend on the system size