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    Effects of electroacupuncture at ST36 and BL20 on the diabetic rat testis

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    Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 and BL20 on the testicular tissues in a rat model of diabetes and to explore the mechanisms of action. Methods: A total of 34 male Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated to a control group (n = 10), diabetes (D) group (n = 12) or diabetes + acupuncture (DA) group (n = 12). To model diabetes, rats in groups D and DA received an intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of 35 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (pH = 4.5; 0.1 M) after 2 weeks of high-fat diet administration. Under xylazine/ketamine anesthesia, stainless steel needles (30 mm x 0.25 mm) were inserted bilaterally at ST36 and BL20. The needles were connected to an EA device via cables, and EA was applied for 30 min (15 Hz frequency and 0.2-1 mA intensity) twice a week for 5 weeks. Results: The effects of EA at ST36 and BL20 on blood glucose levels and body weight, biochemical parameters, histopathological, morphometric and immunohistochemical findings, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis were evaluated. A significant decrease was detected in DA versus D groups in blood glucose levels, basement membrane thickness and apoptotic cell/tubule indices. In addition, there was a significant increase in the Johnsen scores, seminiferous tubule diameters, serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone, proliferation indices, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and insulin-like peptide 3 (INSL3) immunoreactivities. Conclusion: EA had multiple positive effects on blood glucose homeostasis and testicular structure/function in this rat model of diabetes. EA may be effective at preventing or eliminating histopathological damage in the diabetic testis.Trakya University Scientific Research Project Unit [TUBAP-2018/220]The authors disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article: This study was supported by the Trakya University Scientific Research Project Unit (TUBAP-2018/220)

    Innovative Models in Ethnic Media 2.0: A Practitioner's Reflections

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    [Abstract Not Available

    Change in One Couple’s Online Therapy Process: An HSCED Application

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    Couples therapy is an effective intervention for relationship problems. Despite the growing need and interest in online couples therapy during the pandemic, there is a dearth of outcome and/or process research. The current study applies the Hermeneutic Single Case Efficacy Design (HSCED) to examine the effectiveness of couples therapy across 24 weeks of treatment with a young couple who had to stay apart during the pandemic. A rich case record consisting of quantitative measures, change interviews and a case file was gathered. Based on the information, the authors developed opposing (affirmative and skeptic) arguments regarding whether the client changed over therapy and whether therapy was responsible for these changes. The results showed some improvement in the couple’s relationship attributes, attachment behaviors as well as presenting problems. The couple attributed most change to the therapy process and the relationship that they have with their therapist. It appeared that the change took place over the first 16 sessions, and together with extra-therapeutic factors, online couples therapy appeared to contribute to this change. The complex, nonlinear, and multi-layered nature of change in couples therapy was discussed in terms of clinical implications. © 2023 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

    Neoliberal urban interventions and experiences of opposition: the cases of Fener-Balat and Ayazma-Tepeüstü

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    ÖZET: Günümüzde kentsel mekan, neoliberal üretim ve yeniden üretim süreçlerinin etkisi altındadır. Neoliberal kentleşmede; öncelikli aktörler olarak merkezi yönetim, yerel yönetim ve orta-büyük ölçekli sermaye, rant odaklı ekonomik gündemlerini kent mekanına dayatmaktadır. Türkiye’de 2000’li yılların kentsel sorunlarının çözümü olarak ileri sürülen bazı kentsel dönüşüm projeleri, kent ve konut hakları açısından problemli süreçlere neden olmaktadır. Bu süreçlerde, kentsel hakların korunması ve talep edilmesi yönünde etkili girişimler olarak mahalle dernekleri, neoliberal kentleşme modeli uygulayıcıları ile karşı karşıya gelmektedir. Mahalle derneklerinin mücadeledeki motivasyonları, talepleri, eylemlilik biçimleri ve sonuçtaki edinimleri farklılaşmakta; mücadele pratikleri bağlamına göre şekillenerek dönüşümün işleyişine etki etmektedir. Tez çalışmasında örneklem olarak seçilen Fener-Balat Kentsel Yenileme Projesi ve Ayazma-Tepeüstü Kentsel Dönüşüm Projesi’nin mücadele süreçlerinin farklı sonuçlanması çalışmanın çıkış noktasını oluşturmaktadır. Projelerin yasal ve yönetsel olarak sonuçlanmış olması, farklı coğrafi konum ve mülkiyet yapısı gibi dinamiklere sahip olan bölgelerde gerçekleştirilen mücadeleler sonucunda elde edilen somut deneyimleri anlamak açısından önemlidir. Araştırmada, günümüzde kentsel mekanın yeniden organize edilme süreçlerinin omurgasını oluşturan neoliberal model sorunsallaştırılmakta; neoliberalizm, mekan ve toplum etkileşiminin yansımalarının ortaya konması hedeflenmektedir. Çalışmada amaçlanan; neoliberal kentleşme politikalarının mekanın üretimindeki etkilerini anlamak; mücadele ve müdahale taraflarındaki aktörlerin süreçteki deneyimlerini öğrenmek; kentsel mücadelelerin etkinliklerini anlayarak alternatif kentsel dönüşüm süreçlerinde kent hakkı ve konut hakkının savunulmasında yeni olasılıklar sunmaktır.ABSTRACT: Today, urban space is under the effect of neoliberal urban production and reproduction processes. Neoliberal urbanization; central government, local government and medium-large scale capital, as the primary actors, impose their rent-oriented economic agendas on the urban space. Some urban transformation projects, which are put forward as a solution to the urban problems of the 2000s in Turkey, cause problematic processes in terms of city and housing rights. In these processes, neighborhood associations come face to face with implementers of neoliberal urbanization as effective initiatives to protect and demand urban rights. The motivations, demands, forms of action and resulting achievements of neighborhood associations differ as practices of struggle are shaped by the context and affect the dynamics of transformation. Opposition processes of the Fener-Balat Urban Renewal Project and the Ayazma-Tepeüstü Urban Transformation Project, being the selected case studies in the thesis, constitute the starting point of the study. The fact that the projects have been concluded legally and administratively is important in terms of understanding the concrete experiences obtained as a result of the struggles carried out in regions with dynamics such as different geographical locations and property structures. In the research, the neoliberal model, which is the backbone of the reorganization processes of urban space today, is problematized; it is aimed to reveal the reflections of neoliberalism, space and society interaction. The study aim to; understand the effects of neoliberal urbanization policies on the production of space; learn about the experiences of the actors on the sides of the struggle and intervention; offer new possibilities for the defense of the right to the city and the right to housing in alternative urban transformation processes by understanding the activities of urban opposition

    Competitiveness based logistics performance index: An empirical analysis in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries

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    Logistics, beyond being a strategically important function for global supply chains, is a sector of considerable size in terms of the global economy. Thus, economy-wide logistics capabilities have a strategic impact at the national level, supporting countries to achieve a global competitive advantage. For this reason, the logistics performances of the countries not only show the success of using their existing logistics capabilities but also provide significant indications about their competitiveness at the global level. Due to this strategic impact, this study aims to deal with the logistics performances of OECD countries from the perspective of competitiveness and to determine the competitiveness-based logistics performance index (CB-LPI). For this purpose, data envelopment analysis has been applied with two different techniques. The input variables are the Global Competitiveness Index, and the output variables are the Logistic Performance Index. In this empirical study, 7 inputs (infrastructure, skills, product market, financial system, information and communication technology adoption, business dynamism, innovation capability) and 6 output variables (Customs, Infrastructure, International shipments, Logistics quality and competence, Tracking and tracing, Timeliness) have been used. This study is handled in a total of 5 periods. These periods are 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016 and 2018. As a result, it was determined that the competitive logistics performances of 8 countries (Australia, Germany, Italy, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Spain, and Turkey) were at the level of full efficiency in each period in the application of both techniques. In addition, the CB-LPI covering all OECD countries has been established. Based on the scores obtained, country-based suggestions for countries have been developed. © The Author(s) 2023

    Factors affecting the purchase intention of over the counter products in the self care actions of consumers

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    Purpose - Within the framework of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study aims to investigate which factors affect consumers' purchase intention with regard to over-the-counters (OTCs), focusing on personal factors, including health consciousness and risk aversion, as well as rational factors, consisting of the level of knowledge, price consciousness and involvement in the purchase intentions. Design/methodology/approach - Due to the necessity of finding the most crucial industry-specific indicators, it was decided to carry out two-stage research based on qualitative preliminary research and the main study. The findings obtained from the qualitative studies were integrated with insights gleaned from the literature to finalize the study's conceptualmodel. Themain study was based on a descriptive research design, and data were collected through an online survey. Structural equationmodelingwas themain technique used to test themodel. Findings - Health consciousness, level of knowledge and involvement in consumer purchase intentions affect either attitude or perceived behavioral control. Moreover, attitudes toward OTCs and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of purchase intentions for OTC drugs. At the same time, subjective norms did not have a significant effect. Practical implications - Knowing what influences consumer purchase intentions contributes to developing more effective marketing strategies and actions. Originality/value - This study took an integrative approach to understanding the effect of personal and rational factorswithin the TPB framework for a changing tendency in consumer behavior of specific product categories

    Introduction to the Special Issue

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    [Abstract Not Available

    Genişleyen ilişkilerin mimarlığı: çokluğun uzamı

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    ABSTRACT: This thesis questions the origins of the idea that defines the Western-centric capitalist traditions as being based on the relationship between ‘subjects and space,’ which is rooted in the dominant ideologies of ‘hierarchy of species’ and ‘human exceptionalism.’ It aims to prompt human and nonhuman beings of the Anthropocene to confront the contradictions within this framework, such as political, economic, and ecological crisis, growth-oriented thinking, and a limited understanding of the relationship between subjects and space that benefits who holds power. Constantly varied relationship patterns between the subject and the space are discussed through the origins of capitalist manners, such as the enclosure of the commons, colonization, and commodification. These actions have sparked a controversial discussion surrounding hierarchies, assumptions, and justifications that seek to legitimize and establish a patriarchal belief in human superiority over all beings. The exploration of these justifications and practical acceptances unveils opportunities to examine concepts like ownership and measurement. It also challenges the notion of Man as the fundamental unit of measurement for all things, questioning the idea of man as a standard or decisive measure. As long as Man’s relationship with property and ownership is ingrained in his self-definition, the concept of ownership becomes intertwined with the relationship between assets and space. It also prompts a questioning of hierarchical thinking. The thesis conceptualizes this hierarchical way of thinking and acting as subject narrowing, which refers to actions that challenge the perception of human beings as central figures within a defined space. Additionally, it delves into how these ideas shape the fundamental principles of architecture by critically analyzing the thoughts and practices associated with spatial design. In this study, these ideas are scrutinized and reinterpreted through technological means and the acknowledgement of incalculable belonging, aiming to lay the groundwork for an alternative roadmap. Searching for an alternative imagination of space for expanding relationships aims to disrupt this circle and remove the man from the path attributed to it as a social and political being, with a mere exception for advantaged ones. If so, how can we imagine a concept of a space that is not driven by mere human interests as a necessity but by relationalities with existences through their differences? While doubting these inquiries, this thesis explores the potential of rethinking all beings materially and expanding the relationship with subjects and space. The thesis proposes a concept of space that is not owned by anyone but belongs to everyone, shaped by temporary formations, partnerships, and kinships without separating beings into two opposing groups or current anthropocentric dualities such as human/nonhuman, living/nonliving, animate/inanimate, and actual/virtual. It also utilizes a detour as a questioning tool to foster creativity and seek ways to rethink all beings with their being, belonging, and differences. To achieve these goals, the study adopts posthuman critical thinking as a methodological tool to displace anthropocentric views that assign human existence an exceptional status. It seeks to break free from the ever-expanding human dominance of the relations between subjects and beings and their common spaces (milieu). Instead, it looks for clues of relations expanding in an alternative space of many. Moreover, it seeks a detour as a questioning tool that contains the potential for creativity.ÖZET: Bu tez, ‘mekanın öznesini’ kapitalist geleneklere dayanarak batılı türler arası hiyerarşi ve insan istisnacılığı ile tanımlayan düşüncenin kökenlerini sorgular. Bugün yaşanan politik, ekonomik ve ekolojik eşitsizliklerin hüküm sürdüğü, büyüme odaklı düşüncenin varlıkların oluş alanını daralttığı bir dönemde antropomorfik insanı kendi çelişkileri ile yüzleşmeye teşvik eder. Düşüncenin temelinde, insana ait çıkarlar doğrultusunda şekillenen bir mekan kavramı, içinde bulunduğumuz bu kasvetli duruma bir zemin gibi tutunan kök düşünce olabilir mi? Öyleyse, bir gereklilik olarak sadece insanlığa ait oluşlar doğrultusunda şekillenmeyen, varlıkların insan-odaklı ilişkilenmeler üzerinden tanımlanmadığı bir çokluğun mekanını nasıl tahayyül edebiliriz? Çokluğun mekanı, ikili düşünce geleneğinin aksine, tüm varlıkları maddesel olarak insan/insandışı, canlı/cansız, aktüel/virtüel gibi düşüncede iki karşıt gruba ayırmadan, farklılıkları, oluşları ve ortaklıkları dahilinde temelden, herkese ait ve kimseye ait olmayan bir ‘genişleyen ilişkilerin uzamı’ üzerinden yeniden düşünmenin potansiyellerini arar. Tez boyunca, uzam ile ‘mimarlığın özneleri’ arasındaki çoklu örgün ilişki, ‘müştereklerin çitlenmesi, sömürgeleştirme ve metalaştırma’ gibi kapitalist eylemlerin kökenleri üzerinden sorunsallaştırılır. Bu eylemlerin birleşik etkisinin, insan türünün tartışmalı bir hiyerarşi ile kendi biçimsel varlığını diğer varlıklardan üstün olarak görmesini ve insanı her şeyin ölçüsü olan nihai bir tekbiçim olarak kabul edilmesini meşrulaştıran kabulleri tartışır. Bu kabullerden bazıları olarak ölçülebilirlik, gözlemlenebilirlik ve sahip olunabilirlik gibi insan dışı varlıklar üzerinden şekillenen ilişkileri tartışmaya açar. Bu durumda, ilk olarak insanı her şeyin ölçüsü bir “tekbiçim” olarak gören düşüncedeki insanın kim olduğunu sorar ve insanın ölçme eylemi ile kurduğu biçimsel ilişkinin temsillerini keşfe çıkar. İnsanın mülkiyetle ve sahip olmakla olan ilişkisi onun kendisini tanımladığı yol haritasına dahil edildiği sürece, mülkiyet düşüncesini varlıkların mekanla olan ilişkilenmesine dahil bir süreç olarak görür. Bu tezde özne daralması olarak adlandırılan fikirler ve eylemler bütünü, mekanın kurucu öznelerinin merkezinde her şeyin ölçüsü erkek insanın olduğu tanımlı bir çemberi meşrulaştıran düşüncelerin mimarlığa zemin olması halini sorunsallaştırır. Bu inşaaya temel olan mekana ait düşünce ve pratikleri gözden geçirir. Bu durumda, alternatif bir yol haritası çizmeye başlamak için bu düşünceleri teknolojik aparatlar ve hesaplanamaz bir aidiyetin varlığı ile eleştirerek yeniden yorumlar. Genişleyen ilişkilerin alternatif bir uzamını aramak, bu çemberi bozuma uğratarak insanı; toplumsal ve politik bir varlık olarak ona atfedilmiş rotasından çıkarmayı hedefler. Dahası, rotadan çıkma halini yaratıcı potansiyelleri içinde barındıran bir sorgulama aracı olarak görür. Günümüzde, dışlayıcı olmayan bir pratikle mevcut durumu sorgulayarak tüm varlıkları kendi oluşları, aidiyetlikleri ve farklılıkları ile yeniden düşünmenin yollarını arar. Bu nedenle, bu tez, bizi insan varlığının ‘istisnai’ konumuna ilişkin antroposentrik görüşleri yerinden etmeye götürecek eleştirel insan sonrası düşünceyi bir yöntem aracı olarak benimser. Özneler ve varlıklar ile onların ‘müşterek mekanları [ortamları] arasında kurulan ilişkilerin sürekli genişleyen insan egemenliği yerine, alternatif bir çokluğun uzamında genişleyen ilişkilerin ipuçlarını arar

    LGBT and the Entertainment Sector

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    OSMANLIDA İLK PROTESTAN MİSYONERLER: QUAKERLAR

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    İlk Protestan misyonerlerinin Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na gelişi on dokuzuncu yüzyıla tarihlense de ilk misyonerlerin geliş tarihi en geç on yedinci yüzyıldır. On yedinci yüzyıl İngiltere’sinin kaotik siyasi ve dini atmosferinde ortaya çıkan ve George Fox tarafından kurulan binyılcı muhalif Hıristiyan hareketlerinden, Dostların Dini Derneği veya Quakerler, İngiliz Protestanlığının ilk geniş çaplı misyonerlik hareketiydi. Dinleri, dilleri ırkları, milliyetleri ne olursa olsun Tanrı’nın her insanda var olduğuna dair “İç Işık” öğretisiyle yola çıkan misyonerler herkesi içindeki ışığa döndürmeyi amaçlıyorlardı. Aynı maksatla Osmanlı topraklarına da gelen misyonerler, Quaker mesajını sadece Müslüman ve Gayrimüslimlere değil aynı zamanda Osmanlı sultanına da ulaştırmaya çalıştılar. Misyonerlik çabalarında herhangi bir başarı kaydedememelerine rağmen Quakerlar genellikle ülkeden görevlerini yerine getirmiş olmanın verdiği huzurla ayrıldılar. Bu makale, Sultan VI. Mehmet’le bizzat görüşüp mesajını iletmeyi başaran Mary Fisher’dan aynı amaçla yola çıkan ancak amaçlarına ulaşamayan Quakerlara, imparatorluğa daha mütevazı amaçlarla gelen misyonerlere kadar birinci nesil Quakerların Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’na yönelik faaliyetlerinin bir dökümünü yapmakta; Quaker misyonerlerinin hem yerli halk ve yetkililer ile ilişkilerini, hem de ülkede faaliyet gösteren İngiliz tüccar, konsolos ve elçilerle yaşadıkları gerilimli, çatışmalı ilişkiyi ele almaktadır

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