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Social and spatial impacts of changing urban form in Ayazaga, Turkey
No full textThe politics of spatial reproduction have been at the heart of Turkey's economic growth over the past two decades, accelerating rapid urban change in istanbul. In addition to the transformation of the existing building stock in the city, natural spaces are also being developed through the partial revision of master plans and reproduced through large- scale new investments. This study examines the spatial changes in the Ayazaga Neighbourhood on the northern periphery of istanbul. The region has become one of the areas where large capital owners have invested extensively in the last decade. Most of the new spatial interventions are large- scale mixed- use buildings. Based on morphological analysis and in- depth interviews with residents, the study investigates the existing urban fabric and the new interventions through four specific cases. The reproduction of urban space in the case study areas is discussed in terms of spatial characteristics and social aspects. As a result, the lack of public open spaces, massive new buildings with privately owned public spaces, and the social and spatial segregation between the residents of the informal settlements and the new upper- class housing are addressed as problem areas
Differential tt¯ cross-section measurements using boosted top quarks in the all-hadronic final state with 139 fb ?1 of ATLAS data
Get PDFMeasurements of single-, double-, and triple-differential cross-sections are presented for boosted top-quark pair-production in 13 TeV proton–proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The top quarks are observed through their hadronic decay and reconstructed as large-radius jets with the leading jet having transverse momentum (pT) greater than 500 GeV. The observed data are unfolded to remove detector effects. The particle-level cross-section, multiplied by the tt¯ → WWbb¯ branching fraction and measured in a fiducial phase space defined by requiring the leading and second-leading jets to have pT> 500 GeV and pT> 350 GeV, respectively, is 331 ± 3(stat.) ± 39(syst.) fb. This is approximately 20% lower than the prediction of 398−49+48 fb by Powheg+Pythia 8 with next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy but consistent within the theoretical uncertainties. Results are also presented at the parton level, where the effects of top-quark decay, parton showering, and hadronization are removed such that they can be compared with fixed-order next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) calculations. The parton-level cross-section, measured in a fiducial phase space similar to that at particle level, is 1.94 ± 0.02(stat.) ± 0.25(syst.) pb. This agrees with the NNLO prediction of 1.96−0.17+0.02 pb. Reasonable agreement with the differential cross-sections is found for most NLO models, while the NNLO calculations are generally in better agreement with the data. The differential cross-sections are interpreted using a Standard Model effective field-theory formalism and limits are set on Wilson coefficients of several four-fermion operators. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2023, The Author(s)
Violence is Just an Expression of Love and Spontaneity: Young Men's Processes of Resistance to Change After a Dating Violence Prevention Program in Turkey
No full textPurposeResearch on gender-based violence prevention programs documents evidence of resistance to committing to non-violence and equality, particularly among some boys and young men. Although a deeper understanding of this resistance is essential to design effective programs, the nature of these reactions still remain largely unexplored in the field of dating violence (DV) prevention. The present study addresses this gap by investigating how a small group of college men manifest resistance to change after completing an eight-week long, feminist-informed DV prevention program in Turkey, and it explores the meaning-making perspectives and discourses that underlie and reinforce this resistance.MethodsData were collected through semi-structured individual interviews following the program and analyzed with constructivist grounded theory. Out of 56 college students who voluntarily attended the program, the accounts of ten young men demonstrated an overwhelming pattern of resistance and were selected for the present analysis.ResultsTheir accounts revealed three processes: reframing violence in a positive light, thinking in binaries, and minimizing personal engagement and reflection. These processes drew upon idealized notions of romantic love and spontaneous emotionality, and worked to sustain a sense of masculine entitlement and privilege in the relational domain.ConclusionsThe findings indicate that resistance is to be expected as young men become engaged with DV prevention efforts in Turkey and similar patriarchal contexts where tensions around traditional masculinities and egalitarian norms exist. Practice implications for averting and managing young men's resistance in these efforts are discussed
The effect of intermittent fasting diet on nutrition and anthropometric status in adult woman individuals
Get PDFÖZET: Bu aras?tırma, aralıklı açlık diyetinin yetis?kin kadınlarda zaman kısıtlı beslenmeye kıyasla beslenme ve antropometrik duruma etkisinin aras?tırılması amacıyla yürütülmüs?tür. Aras?tırma, Ocak-Mart 2022 tarihlerinde Denizli’de özel bir beslenme danıs?manlığı merkezine bas?vuran ortalama yas?ı 39,44±11,2 yıl olan, hafif s?is?man ve obez gönüllü 54 yetis?kin kadın birey ile yürütülmüs?tür. Bireyler, aralıklı açlık diyeti uygulayan müdahale grubu (n=27) ve zaman kısıtsız diyet uygulayan kontrol grubu (n=27) olmak üzere 2 gruba ayrılmıs? ve tüm gruplara 6 hafta boyunca enerji kısıtlı zayıflama diyeti uygulanmıs?tır. Aras?tırmanın, bas?langıcında bireylerin sosyodemografik özellikleri, tıbbi öykü ve beslenme alıs?kanlıkları sorus?turularak anket formuna kaydedilmis?tir. Katılımcıların sirkadiyen ritim özelliklerini belirlemek için Sabahçıl-Aks?amcıl Ölçeği ve fiziksel aktivite alıs?kanlıklarını belirlemek için Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi (IPAQ) uygulanmıs?tır. Bununla birlikte, aras?tırma bas?langıç ve 6. haftasında bireylerin antropometrik ölçümleri ve 24 saatlik geriye dönük besin tüketim kayıtları değerlendirilmis?tir. Çalıs?manın sonucunda, sirkadiyen ritme göre katılımcıların %46,2’si ara tip, %29,6’sı sabahçıl ve %27,8’i aks?amçıl tipe yakın bulunmus?tur (p>0,05). Her iki grupta da vücut ağırlığı, BKİ, bel/boy, bel/kalça, sıvı kütlesi ve oranı, yağ kütlesi ve oranı, yağsız kütle, bel, kalça ve boyun çevresinde istatistiksel olarak önemli azalma saptanmıs?tır (p0,05). Müdahale ve kontrol grubunda bas?langıca göre 6 hafta sonunda günlük karbonhidrat, protein, lif alımları anlamlı olarak daha yüksek, yağ alımı ise daha düs?üktür (p0,05). Sonuç olarak bu aras?tırmada, kısa süreli uygulanan enerji kısıtlı aralıklı açlık diyetinin ve zaman kısıtsız diyet modellerinin antropometrik ölçüm ve beslenme durumuna etkisinin benzer olduğu görülmektedir.ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of intermittent fasting diet compared to time-restricted feeding on nutrition and anthropometric status in adult women. The study was carried out with 54 adult female volunteers, with a mean age of 39.44±11.2 years, who were overweight and obese, and who applied to a private nutrition counseling center in Denizli between January-March 2022. Individuals were divided into two groups: the intervention group (n=27) applying intermittent fasting diet and the control group (n=27) which received a timerestricted diet, and an energy-restricted weight loss diet was applied to all groups for 6 weeks. At the beginning of the study, the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, medical history, and eating habits were investigated and recorded using a questionnaire. The Morning-Evening Scale was used to determine the circadian rhythm characteristics of the participants and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to determine their physical activity habits. In addition, anthropometric measurements of individuals and 24-hour retrospective food consumption records were evaluated at the beginning and 6th week of the study. As a result of the study, according to the circadian rhythm, 46.2% of the participants were found to be intermediate type, 29.6% to morning-type and 27.8% to evening-type (p>0.05). A statistically significant decrease was found in body weight, BMI, waist/height, waist/hip, fluid mass and ratio, fat mass and ratio, lean mass, and waist, hip, and neck circumferences in both groups (p0.05). In the intervention and control groups, daily carbohydrate, protein, and fiber intake was significantly higher and fat intake was lower at the end of 6 weeks compared to the baseline (p0.05). The results of this study show that the effects of short-term energy-restricted intermittent fasting diet and timerestricted diet models on anthropometric measurements and nutritional status are similar
Experimental assessment of local void fraction and flow development in a U-bend piping system for air-water two-phase flow
No full textThis paper presents an experimental investigation of air-water flow in a complete piping system, covering the two-phase flow development in injector, upstream, U-bend and downstream sections separately. Local void fractions and bubble numbers were measured with a dual optical probe. Two-phase flow conditions were established through a 40 mm diameter pipe with 180 l/min water and 30, 35 and 40 l/min air flow rates by the designed circular injector. In the horizontal upstream section, where a transition from bubbly to plug flow with elongated Taylor bubbles was observed, the fully-developed flow is reached at 37.5D. The average void fraction in the upstream region was acquired as 9.2%, 11.5% and 13.4%. The effect of two vertical 90-degree and one vertical 180-degree elbows is assessed in the U-bend section. While bubble break-up and locally annular flow were observed in the vertical upward section; bubble coalescence and accumulation resulting in higher average void fractions (30.8%, 33.8%, and 35.6%) were present in the downward section due to body forces and interphase interactions. After the bend section, disturbances were detected in the gas phase due to the increased water velocity and centripetal forces. Accordingly, a local transition to temporary churn flow is observed in the earlier downstream sections. The experimental assessment in our study shows that the system should be considered and analyzed as a whole to determine local transitions and differences in the flow regimes due to singularities in geometry.Research Fund of the Istanbul Technical University [42451]This paper is produced based on the Ph.D. dissertation and supported by the Research Fund of the Istanbul Technical University under project number: 42451
Translation, reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Scoliosis Japanese Questionnaire-27 in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
No full textPurposeDisease-specific scales which evaluate QoL are needed to evaluate treatment outcomes, and to compare the effects of different treatments. The outcome measures evaluating quality of life in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis are limited. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Scoliosis Japanese Questionnaire-27 (SJ-27) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.MethodsThe SJ-27 questionnaire was translated into Turkish and 61 female patients filled out the translated version (TRv.SJ-27) twice to measure the test-retest reliability of the scale. Internal reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The intraclass correlation coefficient was analysed for each item. Discriminant validity and convergent validity were determined by correlations with Cobb angle, ATR and the SRS-22r scale.ResultsThe mean Cobb angle was 25.8 degrees and the ATR angle was 8.8 degrees. Cronbach's alpha value was estimated as 0.935. The test-retest correlation coefficient for the item-total score was 0.877 (p = 0.000). Validity analysis showed a significantly positive correlation between the TRv.SJ-27 total score and Cobb and ATR angles, and a significantly negative relationship was found between the TRv.SJ-27 and SRS-22r scores.ConclusionsIt would be useful to use different outcome measures to assess the scoliosis-specific quality of life in clinical practice and research. The findings suggest that the Turkish version of Scoliosis Japanese Questionnaire-27 is a valid and reliable measure to assess Turkish patients with AIS
Family First: Evidence of Consistency and Variation in the Value of Family Versus Personal Happiness Across 49 Different Cultures
Get PDFPeople care about their own well-being and about the well-being of their families. It is currently, however, unknown how much people tend to value their own versus their family's well-being. A recent study documented that people value family happiness over personal happiness across four cultures. In this study, we sought to replicate this finding across a larger sample size (N = 12,819) and a greater number of countries (N = 49). We found that the strength of the idealization of family over personal happiness preference was small (average Cohen's ds = .20, range -.02 to.48), but present in 98% of the studied countries, with statistical significance in 73% to 75%, and variance across countries .40 and .30). Importantly, we did not find strong support for traditional theories in cross-cultural psychology that associate collectivism with greater prioritization of the family versus the individual; country-level individualism-collectivism was not associated with variation in the idealization of family versus individual happiness. Our findings indicate that no matter how much various populists abuse the argument of "protecting family life" to disrupt emancipation, family happiness seems to be a pan-culturally phenomenon. Family well-being is a key ingredient of social fabric across the world, and should be acknowledged by psychology and well-being researchers and by progressive movements too
Impact of dietary inflammatory index on gingival health
No full textBackgroundPeriodontal disease is a biofilm-dependent chronic inflammatory condition triggered by a host response. Several factors impact systemic inflammation and could lead to changes in disease pathogenesis. Recently, studies have assessed the influence of nutritional patterns on the development of periodontitis. In the present cross-sectional study, we evaluated the dietary inflammatory profile on periodontal conditions, focusing on clinical, subgingival microbial, and cytokine assessment of individuals with periodontal health or gingivitis.MethodsOne hundred patients with periodontal health or gingivitis were included. Plaque index (PI), Bleeding on probing (BoP), the probing depth (PD), and the clinical attachment level (CAL) for each patient were assessed. Nutritional data and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) were recorded by two 24-h food recalls on non-consecutive days. Biofilm and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) to assess the microbiome profile and inflammatory biomarkers were collected. Multiple regressions focused on the DII, age, and sex as predictors of periodontal conditions were done.ResultsAge and moderate DII scores increased the risk of gingivitis by 1.64 and 3.94 times, respectively. Males with an elevated DII score had 27.15 times higher odds of being diagnosed with gingivitis and BoP (beta = 6.54; p = 0.03). Elderly patients with a moderate or high DII score were less prone to gingivitis and increased BoP (p < 0.04) compared with younger subjects. Considering the DII, there were no differences in microbial alpha and beta diversity; however, distinct species abundance and a higher concentration of monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin 33 were seen in patients with a higher DII.ConclusionA pro-inflammatory diet significantly contributes to periodontal inflammation, modulating inflammatory biomarkers and affecting the subgingival microbial community in healthy individuals.Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES- Brasilia/DF, Brazil) [001]This study was self-funded. RAR received a scholarship from the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education (CAPES 001- Brasilia/DF, Brazil)
A Retrospective Assessment of the Continuous Health Care Provided to COVID-19 Patients Consulted Via Videoconference
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: Telemedicine has been defined as a valuable tool in delivering care for COVID-19 patients. However, clinicians and policymakers should be convinced that traditional and new technological methods of clinical management may be equally effective. The purpose of this study was to generate some initial recommendations based on the clinical utility of videoconference consultation in forward triage and follow-up for COVID-19 patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional study evaluated the medical records of 100 COVID-19 patients consulted using a videoconference program (Skype), from September 1, 2020, to February 3, 2021. The data were analyzed on demographic characteristics, disease history, the need for physical examination after videoconference consultation, pre-diagnostics and diagnostics, treatment decisions, number of videoconference consultation sessions in follow-up, duration of sessions, and final outcome. RESULTS: The male COVID-19 patients constituted 54% of the total sample. The median age was 51 (42-61) years. The median duration of the initial videoconference consultation session was 16 (12-21) minutes. Following the initial videoconference consultation session, 14 patients required follow-up with all face-to-face visits; the remaining patients were primarily followed with videoconference consultation sessions. For 25 patients, it was sufficient to provide only videoconference consultation sessions; they were not required to be in the hospital for physical examination or any subsequent investigation at all. A total of 14 patients were hospitalized. There was no statistically significant difference between the high-risk group and the other patients according to the components of the disease management process via videoconference consultation. CONCLUSION: Videoconference consultation enables a holistic assessment regardless of the patient's characteristics and allows for more time to be spent on each patient, particularly during the pandemic period without risk of contagion. It can be used as a forward triage and follow-up tool to identify patients in need of emergency hospitalization and continuous health care. Cite this article as: Çetin N, Bostan P, Altınışık G. A retrospective assessment of the continuous health care provided to COVID-19 patients consulted via videoconference. Thorac Res Pract. 2023;24(1):14-21
Electromagnetically actuated 3D-printed tunable optical slit device
No full textThis paper presents the design, manufacturing, and characterization of a three-dimensional (3D)-printed and electromagnetically actuated adjustable optical slit structure. The device comprises magnet-attached slits connected to the main frame via two springs controlled by external coils. To analyze the forces acting on the springs and simulate the mechanical behavior of the device, we developed both analytical and finite-element models. After fabricating the device using fused deposition, we conducted a series of tests to evaluate its performance. These tests included (1) analyzing the opacity of the slit blade as a function of its thickness, (2) measuring the temperature increase resulting from the power applied to the coils to determine the operable range of the structure, and (3) evaluating the hysteresis, repeatability, and resolution (minimum step) of the device. The experimental works were crucial to assessing the device's practicality and optimizing its performance for specific applications, which reveals a maximum slit width of similar to 450 mu m, with similar to 6.4 mu m step size within this study. Overall, our developed slit device has the potential to be useful in various optics-related laboratories due to its compatibility with conventional 1-inch (25.4 mm) diameter optomechanical mounts, compact form, low power consumption, and rapid prototyping capability with hybrid materials in a cost-friendly fashion, owing to the 3D-printing technology. We discuss an application where the adjustable slit is employed in a combined laser-scanning microscope and a spectrometer, highlighting its versatility and potential for the future. (c) 2023 Optica Publishing Group[120N240]Funding. Turkiye Bilimselve Teknolojik Ara,stirma Kurumu (120N240)