9301 research outputs found
Sort by
Determination of the risk of sarcopenia of patients over 65 years old, applying to the internal medicine clinic of the training research hospital, comparison of the nutritional status with the screening tools
Get PDFÖZET: Bu çalışma 65 yaş ve üzeri dahiliye polikliniklerine başvuran bireylerde EWGSOP 2 önerilerine göre muhtemel sarkopeni riskinin belirlenmesi, beslenme durumlarının tarama testleri ile karşılaştırılması ve bu yöntemlerin sarkopeniyi öngörmedeki etkinliklerini değerlendirmek amacıyla planlanmıştır. Araştırma 104 (77 kadın, 27 erkek) gönüllü birey ile yürütülmüştür. Bireylerin SARC-F sarkopeni riski tarama ölçeği ile sarkopeni riski belirlenip, EWGSOP 2 (muhtemel sarkopeni2) ve Bahat ve arkadaşlarının Türk toplumu için önerdiği (muhtemel sarkopeni1) el kavrama gücü eşik değerlerine göre muhtemel sarkopeni durumları belirlenmiştir. Bireylerin beslenme durumlarının değerlendirilmesinde MNA, SNAQ 65+ ve 24 saatlik besin tüketim kaydı verileri kullanılmıştır. Muhtemel sarkopeni1’e göre kadınların muhtemel sarkopeni sıklığı erkeklerden istatiksel olarak önemli şekilde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,01). MNA ile SNAQ 65+ arasında güçlü düzeyde bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). MNA’ya göre malnütrisyon riski arttıkça SARC-F’e göre sarkopeni riski artmaktadır (p<0,01). Muhtemel sarkopenik bireylerin %67,8’inin malnütrisyon riski altında olduğu bulunmuştur. Muhtemel sarkopeni ile malnütrisyon durumları arasında her iki cinsiyette de önemli bir fark tespit edilmiştir (p<0,001). Muhtemel sarkopeni ile kalp damar hastalığı (p<0,05), nörolojik hastalık (p<0,001), çiğneme yutma zorluğu (p<0,01) ve düşme durumu (p<0,01) arasında önemli bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Malnütrisyon riski arttıkça ÜOKÇ ve el kavrama gücü azalmaktadır (p<0,05). Muhtemel sarkopenisi olan bireylerin el kavrama gücü olmayan bireylerden düşük bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Malnütrisyon riski arttıkça günlük enerji alımlarının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Muhtemel sarkopeni ve sarkopeni riski ile sadece kadınlarda günlük C vitamini alımı arasında önemli bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak MNA’nın sarkopeni durumunun değerlendirilmesinde örtüşme sağlayabilecek bir yöntem olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu tez çalışmasının sonuçları bu konu ile ilgili yapılacak çalışmalara ışık tutacak özelliktedir. Farklı popülasyonlarda yapılacak daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır.ABSTRACT: This study was planned to determine the possible risk of sarcopenia according to EWGSOP 2 recommendations, to compare nutritional status with screening tests, and to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods in predicting sarcopenia in individuals aged 65 and over who applied to internal medicine outpatient clinics. The research was carried out with 104 (77 women, 27 men) participants. The sarcopenia risk of individuals was determined with the SARC-F sarcopenia risk screening scale, and possible sarcopenia status was determined according to the hand grip strength cutt-of values recommended by EWGSOP 2 (probable sarcopenia2) and Bahat et al. for the Turkish population (probable sarcopenia1). MNA, SNAQ 65+ and 24-hours dietary recall method data were used to evaluate the nutritional status of individuals. The prevelance of probable sarcopenia in women compared to probable sarcopenia1 was found to be statistically significantly higher than men (p<0,01). A strong correlation was found between MNA and SNAQ 65+ (p<0,05). As the risk of malnutrition increases according to MNA, the risk of sarcopenia increases according to SARC-F (p<0,01). It was found that 67.8% of probable sarcopenic individuals are at risk of malnutrition. A significant difference was found between probable sarcopenia and malnutrition in both genders (p<0,001). A significant correlation was found between probable sarcopenia and cardiovascular disease (p<0,05), neurologic disease (p<0,001), difficulty in chewing and swallowing (p<0,01) and falling status (p<0,01). As the risk of malnutrition increases, MUAC and hand grip strength decrease (p<0,05). It was found that individuals with probable sarcopenia were lower than those without hand grip strength (p<0,001). It has determined that as the risk of malnutrition increases, daily energy intake decreases (p<0,05). A significant correlation was found between probable sarcopenia and risk of sarcopenia and daily vitamin C intake only in women (p<0,05). As a result, it suggests that MNA may be a method that can provide overlap in the evaluation of sarcopenia. The results of this thesis study will shed light on the studies to be done on this subject. More studies are needed in different populations.İÇİNDEKİLER
BEYAN ..............................................................................................................iii
KISALTMALAR VE SİMGELER LİSTESİ ................................................ viii
SEMBOL LİSTESİ ............................................................................................ x
TABLO LİSTESİ .............................................................................................. xi
ŞEKİL LİSTESİ.............................................................................................. xiii
ÖZET............................................................................................................... xiv
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................... xv
GİRİŞ ................................................................................................................. 1
1. GENEL BİLGİLER ....................................................................................... 4
1.1. YAŞLILIK ................................................................................................... 4
1.1.1. Yaşlılık Tanımı ve Epidemiyolojisi .......................................................... 4
1.2. YAŞLANMA SÜRECİNDE MEYDANA GELEN FİZYOLOJİK DEĞİŞİKLİKLER……………………………………………………………….5
1.2.1. Sarkopeni ve Kırılganlık .......................................................................... 8
1.2.2. Disfaji, Presbifaji ve Sarkopenik Disfaji ................................................. 9
1.2.3. Bası Yaraları............................................................................................. 9
1.2.4. Demans ................................................................................................... 10
1.3. YAŞLILARDA ENERJİ VE BESİN ÖGESİ GEREKSİNİMLERİ ....... 10
1.3.1. Enerji Gereksinimi ................................................................................. 10
1.3.2. Makrobesin Ögesi Gereksinimleri ......................................................... 11
1.3.3. Sıvı Gereksinimleri ................................................................................. 12
1.3.4. Diyet Lifi Gereksinimleri ....................................................................... 12
1.3.5. Mikrobesin Ögesi Gereksinimleri .......................................................... 13
1.4. YAŞLILARDA BESLENME DURUMUNUN SAPTANMASI............... 15
1.4.1. Antropometrik Ölçümler ....................................................................... 16
1.5. SARKOPENİ ............................................................................................. 20
1.5.1. Sarkopeni Kategorileri ........................................................................... 24
1.5.1.3. Sarkopeni Patofizyolojisi ..................................................................... 25
1.5.1.4. Sarkopeni Vaka Bulma ....................................................................... 31
1.5.1.5. Sarkopeni Tanısı .................................................................................. 33
vi
1.5.1.6. Sarkopeni Parametrelerinin Ölçülmesi .............................................. 36
1.6. MALNÜTRİSYON ................................................................................... 40
1.6.1. Malnütrisyonun Prevelansı .................................................................... 41
1.6.2. Malnütrisyonun Etiyolojisi .................................................................... 41
1.6.3. Malnütrisyonun Tanısı ........................................................................... 42
1.6.4. Yaşlılarda Kullanılan Beslenme Durumunu Değerlendirme Araçları . 44
1.6.5. Malnütrisyonun Sonuçları ..................................................................... 49
1.6.6. Malnütrisyonun Yönetimi ...................................................................... 49
2. GEREÇ VE YÖNTEM ................................................................................ 52
2.1. ARAŞTIRMANIN AMACI VE TİPİ ....................................................... 52
2.2. ARAŞTIRMA YERİ VE ZAMANI .......................................................... 52
2.3. ARAŞTIRMANIN ÖRNEKLEMİ ........................................................... 52
2.4. ARAŞTIRMAYA DAHİL EDİLME KRİTERLERİ............................... 52
2.5. ARAŞTIRMAYA DAHİL EDİLMEME KRİTERLERİ ........................ 53
2.6. ARAŞTIRMANIN ETİK İLKELERİ ...................................................... 53
2.7. VERİLERİN TOPLANMASI ................................................................... 53
2.8. VERİ TOPLAMA ARAÇLARI ................................................................ 53
2.8.1. Genel Bilgiler Formu .............................................................................. 53
2.8.2. Antropometrik Ölçümler ....................................................................... 54
2.8.3. Sarkopeninin Değerlendirilmesi ............................................................ 55
2.8.4. 24 Saatlik Geriye Dönük Besin Tüketim Kaydı .................................... 56
2.8.5. Mini Nütrisyonel Değerlendirme (MNA) .............................................. 57
2.8.6. Kısa Nütrisyonel Değerlendirme Ölçeği 65+ (SNAQ 65+) .................... 57
2.9. VERİLERİN İSTATİSTİKSEL ANALİZİ .............................................. 58
3. BULGULAR ................................................................................................. 59
4. TARTIŞMA .................................................................................................. 95
SONUÇ ........................................................................................................... 124
5. ÖNERİLER ................................................................................................ 128
KAYNAKÇA .................................................................................................. 129
6. EKLER ....................................................................................................... 174
EK 1: AYDINLATILMIŞ ONAM FORMU ................................................. 174
vii
EK 2: ANKET FORMU ................................................................................ 179
EK 3: 24 SAATLİK BESİN TÜKETİM KAYDI .......................................... 182
EK 4: MİNİ NÜTRİSYONEL DEĞERLENDİRME ................................... 183
EK 5: SNAQ 65+ ............................................................................................ 185
EK 6: SARC-F (SARKOPENİ TARAMA TESTİ)....................................... 186
EK 7: ETİK KURUL ONAYI ....................................................................... 18
Combination of inclusive top-quark pair production cross-section measurements using ATLAS and CMS data at ?s=7 and 8 TeV
Get PDFA combination of measurements of the inclusive top-quark pair production cross-section performed by ATLAS and CMS in proton-proton collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8TeV at the LHC is presented. The cross-sections are obtained using top-quark pair decays with an opposite-charge electron-muon pair in the final state and with data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 5 fb(-1) at root s = 7 TeV and about 20 fb(-1) at root s = 8TeV for each experiment. The combined cross-sections are determined to be 178.5 +/- 4.7 pb at root s = 7 TeV and 243.3(-5.9)(+6.0) pb at root s = 8TeV with a correlation of 0.41, using a reference top-quark mass value of 172.5 GeV. The ratio of the combined crosssections is determined to be R-8/7 = 1.363 +/- 0.032. The combined measured cross-sections and their ratio agree well with theory calculations using several parton distribution function (PDF) sets. The values of the top-quark pole mass (with the strong coupling fixed at 0.118) and the strong coupling (with the top-quark pole mass fixed at 172.5 GeV) are extracted from the combined results by fitting a next-to-next-to-leading-order plus next-to-next-to-leading-log QCD prediction to the measurements. Using a version of the NNPDF3.1 PDF set containing no top-quark measurements, the results obtained are m(t)(pole) = 173.4(-2.0)(+1.8) GeV and alpha s(m(Z)) = 0.1170(-0.0018)(+0.0021)
EXPERIENCES FROM IYS 2020, PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT AND AWARENESS ACTIVITIES IN TURKEY
No full textAMC Mecanocaucho;Bosco Italia Spa;Ecophon Saint-Gobain;et al.;Head Acoustics;Mason Industries, Inc.10th Convention of the European Acoustics Association, EAA 2023 -- 11 September 2023 through 15 September 2023 -- -- 198863The year 2020, which has been designated as the International Year of Sound with the intention of celebrating and promoting the importance of sound for science and society was ironically started as a silent and isolated year with the global COVID-19 pandemic. However, these unprecedented times and activities around the world, which explored the interaction between sound, technology and the society, presented sound experiences for humanity and the ecosystem that they have never had the opportunity to experience before. This study reports on the activities of Turkish Acoustical Society during these times and aims to draw attention to the benefits, challenges, and opportunities of the instruments for widening participation and spreading knowledge relating to sound. The main activities were public opinion survey on noise annoyance in dwellings before and during the pandemic, Turkish Glossary of Acoustic Terms, IYS Drawing and Composition Competition in Turkish schools and various seminars, interviews, podcast on social media channels. Our experience and findings suggest that designing and implementing activities that actively includes researchers, teachers, students and ordinary people may help increase public engagement behaviorally, emotionally, and cognitively, there by positively affecting awareness in sound related subjects. © 2023 First author et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Development of a Hybrid Method for Multi-Stage End-to-End Recognition of Grocery Products in Shelf Images
Get PDFAbstract: Product recognition on grocery shelf images is a compelling task of object detection because of the similarity between products, the presence of the different scale of product sizes, and the high number of classes, in addition to constantly renewed packaging and added new products’ difficulty in data collection. The use of conventional methods alone is not enough to solve a number of retail problems such as planogram compliance, stock tracking on shelves, and customer support. The purpose of this study is to achieve significant results using the suggested multi-stage end-toend process, including product detection, product classification, and refinement. The comparison of different methods is provided by a traditional computer vision approach, Aggregate Channel Features (ACF) and Single-Shot Detectors (SSD) are used in the product detection stage, and Speed-up Robust Features (SURF), Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Key points (BRISK), Oriented Features from Accelerated Segment Test (FAST), Rotated Binary Robust Independent Elementary Features (BRIEF) (ORB), and hybrids of these methods are used in the product classification stage. The experimental results used the entire Grocery Products dataset and its different subsets with a different number of products and images. The best performance was achieved with the use of SSD in the product detection stage and the hybrid use of SURF, BRISK, and ORB in the product classification stage, respectively. Additionally, the proposed approach performed comparably or better than existing model
Compaction Properties of Soil Composite Fills: Sand, Silt, Clay and Polypropylene Fiber Mixtures
No full textProceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental Geotechnology, Recycled Waste Materials and Sustainable Engineering (EGRWSE 2022) -- 15 September 2022 through 17 September 2022 -- -- 298959A laboratory experimental program including a series of compaction tests on various soil composite fill samples prepared by using sand, silt, clay and polypropylene (PP) fiber at different dry weight proportions was performed. As a result of the tests, the compaction curves were developed for distinct soil composite fill samples so as that the two most crucial and critical compaction engineering design parameters: maximum dry unit weight (?d-max) and optimum moisture content (wopt) were determined. The change in the detected values of ?d-max and wopt was investigated by addition of; (i) silt, (ii) clay, (iii) PP fiber, (iv) or selected two of them, (v) or all of them into sand, and thus, the behavior in those two important compaction characteristics (?d-max, wopt), that are decisive properties in design and construction of soil fill infrastructures, was identified for various different soil composite fill samples including different materials studied. It was seen that the ?d-max decreases, whereas, the wopt increases as a result of adding silt and/or clay into pure sandy soil. The greater change in the values was observed for clay inclusion compared to that of silt. On the other hand, the inclusion of PP fiber into sandy soil resulted in an increase in the measured values of ?d-max, while a decrease in the detected values of wopt. Consequently, the PP fiber served a relative advantage in comparison to the two other materials (silt, clay) by facilitating enhanced compaction properties for the improvement of the characteristics of soil composite fill under loading, and thereby, enabling highly densification or more desirable compaction of the fill not only at larger ?d-max but also at lower wopt so as to better comply with common design criteria in practice for the application of compaction procedure in the field during construction as well as to achieve higher bearing capacity (larger load-carrying resistance), and hence, superior performance during operation of the infrastructure built from this soil composite fill. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2023
Social reproduction of food: risk of hunger, rural transformation, and the crisis of care
Get PDFÖZET: Bu yazı**, küresel gıda krizini konjonktürel bir arz-talep ve tüketim krizi olarak değerlendiren uluslararası örgütlerin kısa vadeli, neoliberalizm içi çözüm önerilerinin eleştirel bir değerlendirmesini yaparak krizi genel olarak kapitalizmin ve özel olarak neoliberalizmin toplumsal yeniden üretim rejiminin yapısal bir tezahürü olarak ele alıyor. Yazının temel iddiası, küresel gıda krizinin ardında gıdayı metalaştıran, gıdanın üretim, dağıtım ve tedarik süreçlerini tarım-gıda şirketlerinin denetimine sokan neoliberal tarım politikaları olduğu ve bu politikalar sonucu kırda ve kentte yeterli ve sağlıklı gıda üretemeyen ve tüketemeyen emekçi sınıflar için bir toplumsal yeniden üretim krizi olduğudur.ABSTRACT: This paper analyzes the global food crisis as a structural expression of the social reproduction regimes of capitalism in general and neoliberalism in particular by interrogating the short-term policy recommendations of international organizations which view the crisis as a conjunctural supply-demand and consumption issue. The main argument of the paper is that the reason behind the global food crisis is neoliberal agricultural policies which have commodified food and encouraged the control of agribusiness in production, circulation, and provision of food. The paper interprets the current food crisis is a crisis of social reproduction for the classes of rural and urban labour who cannot produce and who cannot consume sufficient and healthy food
AIsmosis and the pas de deux of human-AI interaction: Exploring the communicative dance between society and artificial intelligence
Get PDFAs the global influence of artificial intelligence (AI) in our daily lives and the looming advent of artificial general intelligence (AGI) become increasingly apparent, the need for a sophisticated interpretive framework intensifies. This paper introduces ‘AIsmosis’–a term that captures AI’s gradual, nuanced integration into society, and akin to the biological process of osmosis. AI’s integration dynamics are examined through the lens of three pivotal theories: social construction of technology, technological determinism, and diffusion of innovations. These theories collectively elucidate the sociocultural influences on AI, the potential repercussions of unchecked technological growth, and the factors driving the adoption of novel technologies. Building upon these explorations, the ‘controlled AIsmosis’ conceptual framework emerges, emphasizing ethically conscious development, active stakeholder communication, and democratic dialogue in the context of AI technology adoption. Rooted in communicative action theory, this framework illuminates AI’s transformative impact on society. It calls for a comprehensive evaluation of systems that steer AI diffusion and their potential impacts, acknowledging the pervasive influence of AI and transcending traditional disciplinary boundaries. This work underscores the need for a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach in investigating the complex AI-society interplay and understanding the ethical and societal consequences of AIsmosis
CMS PYTHIA 8 colour reconnection tunes based on underlying-event data
Get PDFNew sets of parameter tunes for two of the colour reconnection models, quantum chromodynamics-inspired and gluon-move, implemented in the PYTHIA 8 event generator, are obtained based on the default CMS PYTHIA 8 underlying-event tune, CP5. Measurements sensitive to the underlying event performed by the CMS experiment at centre-of-mass energies root s = 7 and 13 TeV, and by the CDF experiment at 1.96 TeV are used to constrain the parameters of colour reconnection models and multiple-parton interactions simultaneously. The new colour reconnection tunes are compared with various measurements at 1.96, 7, 8, and 13 TeV including measurements of the underlying-event, strange-particle multiplicities, jet substructure observables, jet shapes, and colour flow in top quark pair (t (t) over bar) events. The new tunes are also used to estimate the uncertainty related to colour reconnection modelling in the top quark mass measurement using the decay products of t (t) over bar events in the semileptonic channel at 13 TeV
Medical markets for imagined futures: the framing of egg freezing on fertility clinic websites in Turkey
No full textThis article explores the use of future imaginaries in medical markets, examining the framing of egg freezing on fertility clinic websites. Egg freezing is a recent example of what medical sociologists term anticipatory medicalization. It primarily promises a measure against the anticipated risk of female infertility due to reproductive aging. Economic sociologists, on the other hand, see a focus on a future full of risks and opportunities as a significant characteristic of capitalism. Accordingly, marketing activities aim to shape consumer imaginaries and expectations of the future to increase demand. Through a thematic analysis of all available textual data on egg freezing from fertility clinic websites in Turkey, I show how these websites depict the social context of egg freezing and its implications for the future. The websites define potential service users, their life circumstances, goals, and ethical concerns, portraying egg freezing as a strategy for time and risk management. By doing so, the websites can stir women's hopes and dreams of future relationships and childbearing, as well as their fears of future infertility and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The reproductive service of egg freezing is marketed as a means to achieve desirable imagined futures or to prevent undesirable ones.I would like to thank editors and reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions.I would like to thank editors and reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions
Juxtaposing violent extremism and critical radicalism in Europe: the role of reflexive awareness in pursuit of religious purity and cultural essence
Get PDFEmploying an approach that focuses on three goals of ideology-making (i.e. resolving grievances, seeking status, socialization), this study explores the reflexive boundaries between (1) 68 individual representations of violent 'Jihadi' and 'right-wing' extremism in Europe, and (2) 130 young adult European citizens who pursue religious purity or cultural essence. Having identified the latter as a pool of 'critical radicalism' in the current political context, the study juxtaposes violent and non-violent radicalizations by challenging two interrelated assumptions. The first is the sameness assumption: those who use a similar repertoire are unified by their similarity. The second is the continuum assumption: radicalism will eventually lead to violence, given that 'radicalization' discursively implies a shift towards promoting or carrying out violent behaviour. Drawing on comparisons between interview and media narratives, I argue that violent extremism and critical radicalism part ways while developing reflective methods to evaluate grievances, reclaim agency in response to status losses, and align social bonds with the ideology. The conceptual divergence indicates several fault lines between ideological simplicity and completeness and relates to individuals' self-awareness in (re)making the ideology rather than a given ideology. This concluding remark has implications for the value of reflexive awareness in democracies