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Child well-being and social justice: Findings from a multinational qualitative study
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Big data financial transactions and GDP nowcasting: The case of Turkey
Get PDFWe use aggregated information from individual-to-firm and firm-to-firm transactions from the Garanti BBVA Bank to simulate domestic private demand and estimate aggregate consumption and investment for Turkey's quarterly national accounts in real time. We show that these big data variables successfully nowcast official consumption and investment flows. To further validate the usefulness of these indicators, we include both indicators among others which are generally used in gross domestic product (GDP) nowcasting and evaluate their contribution to nowcasting power of Turkish GDP by combining both linear and nonlinear models. The results are successful and confirm the usefulness of consumption and investment banking transactions for nowcasting purposes. These big data are valuable, especially at the beginning of the nowcasting process, when the traditional hard data are scarce. Accordingly, this information is especially relevant for countries with longer statistical release lags, such as emerging markets
Introduction to a Culturally Sensitive Measure of Well-Being: Combining Life Satisfaction and Interdependent Happiness Across 49 Different Cultures
Get PDFHow can one conclude that well-being is higher in country A than country B, when well-being is being measured according to the way people in country A think about well-being? We address this issue by proposing a new culturally sensitive method to comparing societal levels of well-being. We support our reasoning with data on life satisfaction and interdependent happiness focusing on individual and family, collected mostly from students, across forty-nine countries. We demonstrate that the relative idealization of the two types of well-being varies across cultural contexts and are associated with culturally different models of selfhood. Furthermore, we show that rankings of societal well-being based on life satisfaction tend to underestimate the contribution from interdependent happiness. We introduce a new culturally sensitive method for calculating societal well-being, and examine its construct validity by testing for associations with the experience of emotions and with individualism-collectivism. This new culturally sensitive approach represents a slight, yet important improvement in measuring well-being. © 2022, The Author(s)
Exploring the Critical Factors of Biomass Pyrolysis for Sustainable Fuel Production by Machine Learning
Get PDFThe goal of this study is to use machine learning methodologies to identify the most influential variables and optimum conditions that maximize biochar, bio-oil, and biogas yields for slow pyrolysis. First, experimental results reported in 37 articles were compiled into a database. Then, an explainable machine learning approach, Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP), was employed to find the effects of descriptors on the targets, and it was found that higher biochar yields can be obtained at lower temperatures using biomass with low volatile matter and high ash content. Following that, decision tree classification was used to discover the variables leading to high levels of the targets, and the most generalizable path for high biogas yield was found to be where the maximum particle diameter was less than or equal to 6.5 mm and the temperature was greater than 912 K. Finally, association rule mining models were created to find associations of descriptors with very high levels of yields, and among many findings, it was discovered that biomass with larger particles cannot be converted into bio-oil efficiently. It was then concluded that machine learning methods can help to determine the best slow pyrolysis conditions for the production of renewable and sustainable biofuels
Search for heavy, long-lived, charged particles with large ionisation energy loss in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV using the ATLAS experiment and the full Run 2 dataset
Get PDFThis paper presents a search for hypothetical massive, charged, long-lived particles with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using an integrated luminosity of 139 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV. These particles are expected to move significantly slower than the speed of light and should be identifiable by their high transverse momenta and anomalously large specific ionisation losses, dE/dx. Trajectories reconstructed solely by the inner tracking system and a dE/dx measurement in the pixel detector layers provide sensitivity to particles with lifetimes down to O(1) ns with a mass, measured using the Bethe-Bloch relation, ranging from 100 GeV to 3 TeV. Interpretations for pair-production of R-hadrons, charginos and staus in scenarios of supersymmetry compatible with these particles being long-lived are presented, with mass limits extending considerably beyond those from previous searches in broad ranges of lifetime
Asymmetry, but where? Terms of address in pet-, infant-, and child-directed speech in Turkish
Get PDFTerms of address in Turkish spontaneous pet-, infant-, and child-directed speech were compared in terms of the proportion of diminutive and hypocoristic morphemes attached to various types of bases. The goal of the study was to see whether there was any difference in their distribution in different addressee groups that could be attributed to the asymmetrical communication in pet-directed speech. The results showed that, in Turkish, a language poor in diminutives and hypocoristics, the asymmetry is not observed in the distribution of diminutive and hypocoristic forms. It is observed, however, in the morphopragmatic expression of endearment in general that included the possessive morphology, which seemed to be an alternative form used instead of diminutives and hypocoristics or along with them. © 2023 F. Nihan Ketrez
Observation of electroweak W+W- pair production in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV
Get PDFAn observation is reported of the electroweak production of a W+W- pair in association with two jets, with both W bosons decaying leptonically. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at root s =13 TeV, collected by the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Events are selected by requiring exactly two opposite-sign leptons (electrons or muons) and two jets with large pseudorapidity separation and high dijet invariant mass. Events are categorized based on the flavor of the final-state leptons. A signal is observed with a significance of 5.6 standard deviations (5.2 expected) with respect to the background-only hypothesis. The measured fiducial cross section is 10.2 +/- 2.0 fb and this value is consistent with the standard model prediction of 9.1 +/- 0.6 fb. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Studies of the muon momentum calibration and performance of the ATLAS detector with pp collisions at ?s=13 TeV
Get PDFThis paper presents the muon momentum calibration and performance studies for the ATLAS detector based on the pp collisions data sample produced at root s = 13 TeV at the LHC during Run 2 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb(-1). An innovative approach is used to correct for potential charge-dependent momentum biases related to the knowledge of the detector geometry, using the Z ->mu(+)mu(-) resonance. The muon momentum scale and resolution are measured using samples of J/psi ->mu(+)mu(-) and Z ->mu(+)mu(-) events. A calibration procedure is defined and applied to simulated data to match the performance measured in real data. The calibration is validated using an independent sample of Upsilon ->mu(+)mu(-) events. At the Z(J/psi) peak, the momentum scale is measured with an uncertainty at the 0.05% (0.1%) level, and the resolution is measured with an uncertainty at the 1.5% (2%) level. The charge-dependent bias is removed with a dedicated in situ correction for momenta up to 450 GeV with a precision better than 0.03 TeV-1
Poverty, deprivation and social exclusion of workers in Turkey
Get PDFÖZET: İstihdam, yoksulluktan kurtulmanın ve yoksullukla mücadele etmenin en etkili yolu olmakla birlikte, dünyada ve Türkiye’deki çalışanların bir kısmı için istihdam, bu işlevini yerine getirmekte yetersiz kalmaktadır. 2021 yılında Türkiye’de çalışanların yüzde 12,’si yoksul, yüzde 18,9’u sosyal dışlanma ve yoksulluk riski altında, yüzde 22,9’u ise maddi ve sosyal yoksunluk içindedir. Türkiye, Avrupa ülkeleri arasında çalışanların yoksulluk, sosyal dışlanma ve yoksunluk oranlarının en yüksek olduğu ülkelerden biridir. Gelir düzeyi, hane yapısı, hane çalışma yoğunluğu ve hanenin sosyal transferlere erişimi gibi çok sayıda değişken, çalışan yoksulluğunun belirleyicileri olarak sıralanabilir. Diğer yandan çalışan yoksulluğu verileri, çalışanların çalışma ve yaşam koşulları hakkında yeterli bilgi sağlamaktan uzaktır. Aynı zamanda yoksulluk, sosyal dışlanma ve yoksunluk risklerine maruz kalan çalışanlar, karmaşık ve heterojen bir grubu oluşturmaktadır. Çalışanları ve ailelerini bu tür risklerden korumak için farklı politikaların uygun bir bileşim içinde uygulanması gerekmektedir. Bu politikalara, (i) başta asgari ücret olmak üzere hane gelirlerinin yükseltilmesi, (ii) özellikle kadınların ücretli istihdamının artırılarak hanelerin çalışma yoğunluğunun geliştirilmesi, (iii) sosyal güvenlik sisteminde uygun nitelik ve kapsamda aile ve çocuk programlarının uygulanması, (iv) toplu sözleşmelerden yararlanan çalışan sayısının artırılması ile toplu sözleşme sisteminin merkezileşmesini desteklenmesi ve (v) sendikaların örgütlenmeleri önündeki engellerin kaldırılması gibi örnekler verilebilir.ABSTRACT: While employment is the most effective way to get out of and fight against poverty, it is insufficient in fulfilling this function for certain workers in Turkey and around the world. In 2021, 12 percent of the workers in Turkey are in poverty, 18.9 percent are at risk of social exclusion and poverty, and 22.9 percent are in material and social deprivation. Turkey is one of the countries with the highest rates of poverty, social exclusion, and deprivation of workers among European countries. Various factors such as income level, household structure, household work intensity, and household access to social transfers can be specified as determinants of working poverty. On the other hand, working poverty data are far from providing sufficient information about the working and living conditions of workers. At the same time, workers who are exposed to the risks of poverty, social exclusion, and deprivation constitute a complex and heterogeneous group. Several policies to protect workers and their families from such risks need to be implemented in an appropriate combination. These policies, (i) increasing household incomes, primarily the minimum wage, (ii) improving the work intensity of households by increasing the paid employment of women in particular, (iii) implementing family and child programs of appropriate quality and scope in the social security system, (iv) supporting the centralization of the collective bargaining system and expanding the coverage of workers benefiting from collective agreements and (v) eliminating obstacles to the organization of trade unions can be given as examples