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Análisis contrastivo de cinco exámenes de certificación de lenguas en ELMCER: CAE, DALF, DAPLE, DELE y GOETH
No full textImage body and happiness
Full text linkEl artículo muestra la relación que tienen los niveles de felicidad con la discrepancia entre cómo se ven los individuos corporalmente y el ideal que han construido de la imagen del cuerpo deseado. Los datos utilizados en este estudio provienen de una encuesta de corte transversal sobre hábitos de alimentación de individuos mayores de 18 años de la ciudad de Montevideo y área metropolitana llevada a cabo por la Universidad de la República, Uruguay. En general se encontró que la discrepancia entre la imagen real e ideal tiene una relación significativa y negativa con los nivele de felicidad.This article shows the relationship that happiness levels have with the discrepancy between how individuals see themselves corporately and the ideal they have constructed of the desired body image. The data used in this study comes from a cross-sectional survey on eating habits of individuals over 18 years of age in the city of Montevideo and metropolitan area carried out by the Universidad de la Republica, Uruguay. In general it was found that the discrepancy between the real and ideal image has a significant and negative relationship with the level of happiness
Manufacture and properties of bifidogenic saccharides derived from wood mannan
No full textPinus pinaster wood samples were subjected to double hydrothermal processing. The liquors coming from the second stage, containing soluble saccharides of polymeric or oligomeric nature from hemicelluloses (POHs), were subjected to membrane processing (operating in discontinuous diafiltration) for refining and fractionation. Refined POH fractions were characterized by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry and chromatographic techniques. The most complex POH component was made up of 14 hexoses and contained 4 acetyl groups. The fermentability of purified POHs by human fecal inocula was assessed by measuring both carbon source consumption and formation of short-chain fatty acids. The bifidogenic ability of POHs was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The stimulatory effects on the bifidobacterial population reached by POHs were of the same order as those obtained with commercial fructooligosaccharides
ICT Resources in Higher Education: the Educational Pill as a resource in the teaching-learning process
No full textLos medios audiovisuales tienen la capacidad de potenciar y apoyar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Las Pildoras Educativas (PE) son pequeños videos de no más de 5 minutos de duración que inciden sobre conocimientos, actitudes o procesos de interés para una materia o idea. El presente proyecto de innovación educativa tuvo como objetivo dotar de herramientas suficientes al profesorado de educación superior para utilizar los medios audiovisuales actuales y construir pequeños formatos que
contribuyan a hacer más accesibles y cercanos contenidos e ideas vinculados a contextos a educativos o divulgativos. Para ello se reinterpretó el modelo metodológico CROA y se utilizaron equipamientos y recursos cercanos al profesorado para la elaboración de sus creaciones audiovisuales. Se han elaborado 9 PE vinculadas a diferentes materias de grado y postgrado así como una escala para evaluar su calidad didáctica y técnica.The audiovisual media have the capacity to strengthen and support the teachinglearning process. The Educational Pills (PE) are small videos of no more than 5 minutes that influence knowledge, attitudes or processes of interest for a subject or idea. The objective of this educational innovation project was to provide higher education teachers with the necessary tools to use current audiovisual media and
build small formats that contribute to making educational ideas and content more accessible. To do this, reinterpret the CROA methodological model and use equipment and resources available to teachers to prepare their audiovisual creations. 9 PEs linked to different subjects have been developed as well as a scale to assess their didactic and technical quality
La transición de la universidad al trabajo y el fenómeno de la sobrecualificación en España
Full text linkEspaña es uno de los países con mayor porcentaje de titulados universitarios en su fuerza laboral, pero también uno de los que tienen mayores tasas de sobrecualificación, entendiendo como tal la discrepancia entre el nivel educativo de los trabajadores y el requerido para el puesto de trabajo que ocupan. Tomando como base la Encuesta de Inserción Laboral de los Titulados Universitarios, este artículo realiza un análisis del proceso de transición de la universidad al mercado laboral de los jóvenes graduados. Algo más de un tercio de los titulados considera que está sobrecualificado en su primer trabajo, mientras que cinco años después la proporción alcanza a uno de cada cinco. Las titulaciones en el ámbito de las ciencias de la salud son las que presentan un menor desajuste educativo, tan solo un 7 %, mientras que en las de la rama de artes y humanidades el 33 % de los titulados están sobrecualificados en el trabajo que realizan. Existe también una asociación positiva entre la productividad y los salarios, por una parte, y la adecuación a la cualificación del puesto de trabajo, por otra. Un 70 % de los trabajadores sobrecualificados cobran salarios inferiores a 1.500 euros mensuales; en cambio, dicho porcentaje desciende hasta el 34 % cuando existe una cualificación ajustada al puesto de trabajo
Body composition and mortality from middle to old age: a prospective cohort study from the UK Biobank
No full textBackground
How the association between adiposity and the risk of death changes with age, and which is the optimal level of adiposity to reduce mortality in older ages, is still not completely understood. We aimed to ascertain the age-specific risks of mortality associated with different measures of adiposity.
Methods
This was a prospective UK Biobank cohort study. Participants were categorized based on five different adiposity and body composition metrics. We explored the age-varying associations between body composition indices and all-cause mortality from 45 to 85 years of age at follow-up using hazard ratios (HR) from flexible parametric survival models with multivariable adjustment and age as timescale. Participants were followed from baseline (2006–2010) through 31 March 2020.
Results
We included 369,752 participants (mean baseline age = 56.3 ± 8.1 years; range 38.9–73.7 years; 54.1% women) and 10,660 deaths during a median follow-up of 11.4 years. Associations between body mass index and mortality were similar when using the fat mass index in magnitude and shape. Compared to participants with normal weight, overweight was not associated with the risk of death regardless of age and the adiposity measure used. Participants with obesity class I showed an HR of 1.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08, 1.33) and 1.14 (95%CI: 0.98, 1.30) at ages 60 and 80, respectively, and participants with obesity class II an HR about 1.55 across all age. More attenuated associations with higher age were found in individuals with the highest obesity using the fat mass index. Very high lean mass was associated with an increased risk of mortality in those aged 55–75 years (HR about 1.20 across all ages).
Conclusion
Obesity should be prevented at any age. Attenuated associations with older age were observed only among the individuals with the highest obesity, but the risk remained higher compared to normal-weight participants. Lean mass did not reduce mortality risk at any age.Ministerio de Universidade
Assessment of the production of oligomeric compounds from sugar beet pulp
No full textIn order to obtain pectin-derived oligosaccharides (mainly arabinooligosaccharides and oligogalacturonides), samples of sugar beet pulp (SBP) were subjected to hydrothermal processing under nonisothermal conditions. Experiments carried out to reach temperatures in the range 160175 °C (corresponding to values of the severity factor R0 in the range 287835 min) led to comparatively high concentrations of both oligogalacturonides and arabinooligosaccharides. When SBP was treated to achieve a maximum temperature of 160 °C (R0 = 287 min) or 163 °C (R0 = 357 min), the overall amount of oligomers present in the reaction liquors recovered by pressing accounted for 31.2 and 29.9 g/100 g of oven-dried SBP, respectively, with a limited amount of nonvolatile impurities (about 0.15 g/g of oven-dried matter) and a mass ratio of arabinooligosaccharides/oligogalacturonides of about 1:1. Spent solids were washed with water, and the washing liquors were assayed for oligomers. Recovery of washing liquors would increase the overall yield process by 10%, to reach near 33 g/100 g of oven-dried SBP. Washed spent solids (with increased cellulose content) were obtained as a process byproduct.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación | Ref. CTQ2008-0532
Results of the ISPRS benchmark on indoor modelling
Full text linkThis paper reports the results of the ISPRS benchmark on indoor modelling. Reconstructed models submitted by 11 participating teams are evaluated on a dataset comprising 6 point clouds representing indoor environments of different complexity. The evaluation is based on measuring the completeness, correctness, and accuracy of the reconstructed wall elements through comparison with manually generated reference models. The results show that the performance of the methods varies across different datasets, but generally the reconstruction methods achieve better results for the point clouds with higher accuracy and density and fewer gaps, as well as the point clouds representing less complex environments. Filtering clutter points in a pre-processing step contributes to higher correctness, and making strong assumptions on the shape of the reconstructed elements contributes to higher completeness and accuracy for models of Manhattan World environments.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED481D 2019/02
Stylistic hybridization in hispano-languedocian sculpture around 1100: the case of the sculptors' workshop of the transept of the cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
Full text linkEn el gran transepto de la catedral románica de Santiago de Compostela trabaja en los primeros años del siglo xii un grupo de escultores que realizan los capiteles para las columnas de los pilares y muros perimetrales. Entre la abrumadora presencia de temas vegetales, reinterpretación románica del clásico capitel corintio, aparece una serie de capiteles figurados que no habían sido hasta ahora objeto de un estudio de conjunto.Se realiza así un análisis desde el punto de vista formal de estos ejemplos de escultura hispano languedociana en los que a pe-sar de la hibridación estilística que se detecta en el taller, es posible identificar maestros concretos que crean obras de altísima calidad a pesar de su posición aparentemente marginal.Además, la situación de las obras de cada tendencia estilística en la topografía del transepto ayuda a entender tanto la distri-bución del trabajo en el seno del taller como la evolución de la construcción de este espacio en el tiempo.No gran transepto da catedral románica de Santiago de Compostela traballa nos primeiros anos do século XII un grupo de escultores que realizan os capiteis para as columnas dos piares e muros perimetrais. Entre a abafadora presenza de temas vexetais, reinterpretación románica do clásico capitel corintio, aparece unha serie de capiteis figurados que non foran ata o de agora obxecto dun estudo de conxunto. Realízase así unha análise desde o punto de vista formal destes exemplos de escultura hispano languedociana nos que a pesar da hibridación estilística que se detecta no taller, é posible identificar mestres concretos que crean obras de altísima calidade a pesar da súa posición aparentemente marxinal. Ademais, a situación das obras de cada tendencia estilística na topografía do transepto axuda a entender tanto a distribución do traballo no seo do taller como a evolución da construción deste espazo no tempoA group of sculptors worked on the great transept of the Romanesque cathedral of Santiago de Compostela in the early years of the 12th century to make the capitals for the columns of the pillars and perimeter walls. Among the overwhelming presence of vegetal motifs, a Romanesque reinterpretation of the classic Corinthian capital, there is a series of figurative capitals that have not yet been the subject of a comprehensive study.A formal analysis is therefore carried out of these examples of Hispano-Languedocian sculpture in which, despite the stylistic hybridization detected in the workshop, it is possible to identify specific masters who create works of the highest quality despite their apparently marginal location.Furthermore, the location of the works of each stylistic trend in the topography of the transept helps to understand both the distribution of work within the workshop and the evolution of the construction of this space over tim
The informants of a technological, representative and portable Spanish Sign language corpus : CORALSE
Full text linkLos informantes, además de ser participantes clave que condicionan la calidad de las muestras de habla, proporcionan el índice de representatividad en el caso de la elaboración de una herramienta lingüística con visos de ser de utilización pública.En los corpus de lenguas visogestuales, la recogida de las muestras de habla es visual y esta particularidad obliga a una revisión de los planteamientos de los lingüistas para salvaguardar la confidencialidad de los contenidos y la privacidad de los informantes. Nuestro estudio se centra en la adaptación a las necesidades lingüísticas y a la realidad de los informantes del corpus de lengua de signos CORALSE teniendo presente las premisas de respeto a las lenguas y os informantes establecidas por Nikolaus Himmelmann (2005) y la portabilidad de las lenguas de Bird y Simons (2003) en la descripción y difusión de los resultados.The informants, in addition to being key participants that determine the quality of language samples, provide the representativeness index in the elaboration of a linguistic tool with the intention of being of public use. In the visualgestural language corpora, the language sample collection is visual and this particularity requires a revision of the linguists' approaches to safeguard the confidentiality of the contents and the privacy of the informants. Our study focuses on the adaptation of the linguistic needs to the reality of the informants of the CORALSE sign language corpus, taking into account the premises of respect for languages and informants established by Nikolaus Himmelmann (2005) and the portability of the languages of Bird and Simons (2003) in the description and dissemination of the results.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad | Ref. FFI 2013 49664-