Universidad Centroccidental Lisandro Alvarado
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DOSIS EFECTIVA DE MORFINA INTRATECAL EN LA ANALGESIA OPERATORIA EN PACIENTES SOMETIDAS A CESAREA SEGMENTARIA POR TECNICA COMBINADA ESPINAL-EPIDURAL
Get PDFCon el objetivo de determinar la dosis efectiva de morfina intratecal en la analgesia postoperatoria en pacientes sometidas a ces\ue1rea segmentaria, se realiz\uf3 un estudio de tipo ensayo cl\uednico controlado simple ciego, en una muestra de 40 pacientes distribuidas aleatoriamente en dos grupos quienes recibieron Bupivaca\uedna (7,5 mgrs); un grupo se le administr\uf3 morfina 100 \ub5grs y otro grupo morfina 150 \ub5grs. El promedio de edad para el primer grupo fue de 25,3\ub17,07 a\uf1os y para el segundo de 24,5\ub17,77 a\uf1os. El grado de analgesia fue similar en ambos grupos a las 6 horas. A las 12 y 24 horas el grupo Morfina 150 \ub5grs no present\uf3 dolor (p
PALABRAS CLAVE: Morfina. Dosis efectiva. Analgesia. Ces\ue1rea segmentaria.
ABSTRACT
With the objective of determining the effective intrathecal dose of morphine in postoperative analgesia in patients submitted to segmental cesarean section at the emergency obstetric, a controlled single blind clinical trial was conducted. With a sample of 40 patients randomly distributed into two groups: both groups received Bupivacaine (7.5 mg); in addition, a group was administered 100 \ub5grs of morphine and the other group 150 \ub5grs. The mean age for the first group was 25.3\ub17.07 years, and for the second 24.5\ub17.77 years. The degree of analgesia was similar in both groups for the first 6 hours, although at 12 and 24 hours the group with 150 \ub5grs of morphine did not feel pain (p
KEY WORDS: Morphine. Dose effective. Analgesia. Cesarean section. Segmental. (MeSH: NLH, Medline).<br
PROMOCI 3N DE LA EDUCACI 3N AMBIENTAL EN LA COMUNIDAD DE PAPEL 3N
Get PDFLas pr\ue1cticas agroproductivas convencionales provocan una profunda crisis ecol\uf3gica a escala planetaria, generando que los cient\uedficos se enfrenten a nuevos retos, como la necesidad de evaluar ecol\uf3gicamente, la eficiencia de sistemas de producci\uf3n agr\uedcola, en un contexto de sustentabilidad. En este sentido, la transferencia de tecnolog\ueda agroecolog\ueda, como enfoque ecol\uf3gico del proceso agr\uedcola, resulta una alternativa, que puede propiciar el incremento de la educaci\uf3n ambiental. En este sentido se plante\uf3 como objetivo promover la educaci\uf3n ambiental mediante la transferencia de tecnolog\ueda en la producci\uf3n agroecol\uf3gica en la comunidad de Papel\uf3n, municipio Palavecino, estado Lara. Se cont\uf3 con la participaci\uf3n de 10 familias, en la elaboraci\uf3n de un huerto demostrativo y reciclaje de desechos org\ue1nicos. As\ued como el compromiso del personal docente y obrero que labora en la Unidad Educativa "Escuela Bolivariana Omaira Mendoza de Escobar", en actividades en el \ue1rea del huerto escolar conjuntamente con los ni\uf1os y ni\uf1as que estudian en la instituci\uf3n educativa. Se logr\uf3 promover la educaci\uf3n ambiental mediante la transferencia de tecnolog\uedas de producci\uf3n agroecol\uf3gica, en las \ue1reas de elaboraci\uf3n de huerto demostrativo familiares y escolares, as\ued como en el reciclaje de desechos s\uf3lidos org\ue1nicos, con el fin de reducir costos a causa de la fertilizaci\uf3n qu\uedmica y mitigar los impactos ambientales causados por el uso excesivo de fertilizantes nitrogenados y fosfatados que contaminan suelos y agua. La universidad cumple un importante papel en la promoci\uf3n de la educaci\uf3n ambiental mediante la transferencia de tecnolog\uedas agroecol\uf3gicas c\uf3nsonas con el desarrollo sustentable de las comunidades rurales.
Palabras clave: Huertos demostrativos, reciclaje, estudiantes.
ABSTRACT
Conventional agroproductive practices cause ecological deep crisis on a planetary scale, creating that new challenges is facing for scientific, like necessity of evaluate ecologically, the efficiency of systems of agricultural production, in an sustainability context. Agroecology like ecological approach of agricultural process, not only include food production, but keep in mind cultural, social and economic aspects. In this regard, it statement like objectives promote the environment education by technology transfer of agroecologycal production in Papel\uf3n community, Lara state. Counted with the participation of 10 families, in elaborating of a demonstrative garden and organic waste recycling. Teachers and workers personal of Unidad Educativa "Escuela Bolivariana Omaira Mendoza de Escobar" were involved in activities in a school garden with de children that belong to the school. In the technology transfer cooperate students of community service of Programme Agronomy Engineering, Agronomy and Veterinary School (UCLA). Was achieved to promote environment education through technology transfer of agroecologycal production, in topics like demonstrative families garden and scholar, as well as organic solids waste recycling in order to reduce costs due chemistry fertilization and mitigate environment impact due to excessive use nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer that pollutes soils and water. University has important role in promoting environment education through agroecologycal technology transfer in line with sustainable development of rural community
Keywords: demonstration garden, recycling, students.<br
PLAN ESPECIAL DE MANEJO Y PROTECCI 3N: HERRAMIENTA DE SOSTENIBILIDAD DEL TURISMO EN CARTAGENA DE INDIAS Y SU INTEGRACI 3N CON AM\uc9RICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE
Get PDFDesde un an\ue1lisis cr\uedtico se estudi\uf3 la relaci\uf3n existente entre el PEMP y la sostenibilidad tur\uedstica de Cartagena de Indias, siendo este documento una herramienta de administraci\uf3n y gesti\uf3n requerida para asegurar desarrollo, aunando esfuerzos con visi\uf3n global para Latinoam\ue9rica y el Caribe, estudio realizado mediante la participaci\uf3n en diferentes eventos organizados desde estamentos estatales, conformando mesas de trabajo, di\ue1logos constructivos y focus groups, constituidos por grupos interdisciplinares, de todos los estratos y profesiones, dando una visi\uf3n hol\uedstica a la construcci\uf3n y validaci\uf3n de la informaci\uf3n. Se evidenci\uf3 el alto grado de injerencia del PEM en la certificaci\uf3n del Centro Hist\uf3rico de Cartagena de Indias, dado su alto grado de efectividad como instrumento posibilitador de desarrollo, sincronizando las l\uedneas que incuben a ambos procesos que provocan su preocupaci\uf3n y compromiso con un trabajo serio y mancomunado desde diferentes grupos de inter\ue9s preocupados, por la conservaci\uf3n y preservaci\uf3n del patrimonio cultural y la sostenibilidad local. Se espera que el documento respalde ampliamente las diferentes l\uedneas expuestas para el alcance de tales resultados. Se identificaron las variables que intervienen en la sostenibilidad, desde diferentes requisitos que incluyen el desarrollo territorial: cohesi\uf3n social, espacio p\ufablico, complejidad urbana; variables sociales: pobreza, educaci\uf3n y seguridad; econ\uf3micas: niveles de empleo e ingresos; culturales: patrimonio cultural tangible e intangible y ambientales. En consecuencia, el PEMP asegura gesti\uf3n, sinergia e integraci\uf3n local, que bien puede canalizar hermanamientos que resuelvan las problem\ue1ticas comunes, como estrategias de impulso y sostenibilidad para Latinoam\ue9rica y el Caribe.
Palabras clave: imagen, destino tur\uedstico, sostenibilidad, promoci\uf3n, normas t\ue9cnicas sectoriales.
ABSTRACT
From a critical analysis it was studied the relationship between the PEMP and the tourism sustainability of Cartagena de Indias, being this document a tool of administration and management required to ensure development, joining efforts with a global vision for Latin America and the Caribbean, a study carried out through the Participation in different events organized from governmental estates, forming working tables, constructive dialogues and focus groups, formed by interdisciplinary groups, from all strata and professions,
giving a holistic vision to the construction and validation of information. The research evidenced the high egree
of interference that the PEM has in the Historic Center of Cartagena de India's certification, given its high degree of effectiveness as an development generator instrument, synchronizing the lines that include both processes to motivate their interest and commitment to a responsible and rallied job from the different interest
groups, for the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage and local sustainability. Therefore, the document is expected to broadly support the different lines exposed for the achievement of such results. The variables that intervene in sustainability were also identified, from different requirements including territorial
development: social cohesion, public space, urban complexity; Social variables: poverty, education and security; Economic: employment and income levels; Cultural: tangible and intangible cultural heritage and environmental. As a result, the PEMP ensures management, synergy and local integration, which may well channel twinning that resolve common problems, such as strategies for boosting and sustaining Latin America and the Caribbean.
Keywords: tourism development, heritage, sustainability, protection and handling special planpemp-bic. <br
CONVERGENCIA ECON 3MICA DE DOS DOCTRINAS CAPITALISMO E ISLAMISMO
Get PDFLa presente investigaci\uf3n consisti\uf3 en la realizaci\uf3n de un acercamiento te\uf3rico a un modelo econ\uf3mico basado en las coincidencias de las econom\uedas occidentales (capitalismo) y del islamismo, con la intensi\uf3n de contrastar los principios econ\uf3micos, desde la \uf3ptica econ\uf3mica, a fin de resaltar las fortalezas de ambas econom\uedas, constituyendo este an\ue1lisis los insumos para la propuesta. La investigaci\uf3n se enmarc\uf3 dentro de las ciencias sociales y abordada a trav\ue9s de un modelo cualicuantitativo. El estudio fue de tipo anal\uedtico-descriptivo, con base documental y bibliogr\ue1fica. El logro de los objetivos metodol\uf3gicamente se alcanz\uf3 a trav\ue9s de la metodolog\ueda de contraste basado en la comparaci\uf3n normativa. En cuanto al dise\uf1o estar\ue1 conformada por dos (02) etapas, una primera etapa de contraste de los principios econ\uf3micos isl\ue1micos y los principios capitalistas, dando como resultado los fundamentos, que ofrecen el acercamiento a un modelo te\uf3rico econ\uf3mico para pa\uedses con diferentes culturas, que permitir\ue1 una nueva perspectiva econ\uf3mica centrada en el hombre.
Palabras clave: capitalismo, crecimiento econ\uf3mico, modelos econ\uf3mico, islamismo.
ABSTRACT
This research consist in conducting a theoretical approach to an economic model based on the similarities of Western economies (capitalism) and Islam, which was effected by developing dimensioning of both cultures, with the intention of contrasting economic, from an economic perspective, to highlight the strengths of the two economies, this analysis constitute the basic inputs for the proposed principles. The research was framed within the social sciences and addressed through a quality-quantitative model. The study was of analytical-descriptive, documentary and bibliographic database. The achievement of the objectives was achieved methodologically through methodology based contrast normative comparison. In terms of design will consist of two (02) stages, the first stage contrast economic Islamic principles and capitalist principles, resulting in the foundations, which serve as the basis of the approach of a theoretical economic model for countries whether they are capitalists or Islamic, will enable a new economic man-centered perspective.
Keywords: economic models, economic growth, capitalism, islam. <br
LAS ORGANIZACIONES P aBLICAS DESDE LAS PERSPECTIVAS INSTITUCIONAL Y CAPACIDADES DIN\uc1MICAS
Get PDFLas organizaciones p\ufablicas est\ue1n sujetas a constantes procesos de legitimaci\uf3n y aceptaci\uf3n por parte de la sociedad, ante lo cual el desarrollo y evoluci\uf3n de estos mecanismos requieren promover capacidades de adecuaci\uf3n y/o adaptaci\uf3n. Tales consideraciones, marcaron el inter\ue9s de este ensayo para plasmar una serie de posibles vinculaciones entre la teor\ueda institucional y la teor\ueda de capacidades din\ue1micas reflejadas concretamente en la aproximaci\uf3n a un modelo de gesti\uf3n p\ufablica orientado hacia el ciudadano. Las apreciaciones se\uf1aladas subyacen en el rol que desempe\uf1an las organizaciones p\ufablicas en donde necesariamente deben cohabitar tanto las acciones como los procesos de adaptabilidad y legitimidad, plante\ue1ndose la gobernanza como expresi\uf3n no s\uf3lo emergente de esos procesos, sino como v\ueda m\ue1s eficiente hacia el ejercicio de la funci\uf3n p\ufablica.
Palabras clave: gesti\uf3n p\ufablica, gobernanza, teor\ueda institucional, capacidades din\ue1micas.
ABSTRACT
Public organizations are subject to constant legitimation and acceptance process by the society. In order to deal with this, the development and evolution of these mechanisms require fostering adequacy and/or adaptation capabilities. Such considerations, marked the interest of this essay to establish a set of possible links between the institutional ?eory and the dynamic-capability theory specifically perceived in the approach to a citizen-oriented public management model. ?e pointedout appreciations underlay in the role performed by public organizations where necessarily must coexist both adaptability and legitimation actions and processes, stating the governance as, not only an emerging expression of those process, but as a more efficient way to the public function execution.
Keywords: public management, governance, institutional theory, dynamic capabilities. <br
COMPLICACIONES MATERNAS EN PACIENTES CON PREECLAMPSIA. HOSPITAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITARIO DR. ANTONIO MARIA PINEDA. LAPSO MAYO - DICIEMBRE 2014
Get PDFLa Preeclampsia se considera un problema de salud p\ufablica y est\ue1 asociada a una alta morbi-mortalidad materna y fetal. Por tal motivo, el objetivo del presente estudio fue describir las complicaciones maternas en pacientes con diagn\uf3stico de Preeclampsia ingresadas en el Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecolog\ueda del Hospital Central Universitario "Dr. Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda", durante el lapso mayo-diciembre 2014. Para ello, se realiz\uf3 un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, obteniendo una serie de 152 pacientes, de las cuales 62,50% correspondan al grupo de edad entre 20-34 a\uf1os y 46,05% eran primigestas. Adem\ue1s, 62,50% registraron embarazo pret\ue9rmino, 70,39% estuvieron hospitalizadas entre 2-7 d\uedas y 96,05% reportaron preeclampsia severa; en 75% la v\ueda de terminaci\uf3n fue ces\ue1rea y 84,21% fueron atendidas en sala de parto y las maternidades; sin embargo, 8,55% estuvieron hospitalizadas en el Servicio de Medicina de Agudos y 7,24% en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos y Trauma Shock. Entre las Comorbilidades se encuentra hipertensi\uf3n arterial cr\uf3nica (15,79%) y obesidad (3,95%). Asimismo, 32,03% presentaron complicaciones maternas, 28,29% complicaciones tanto maternas como fetales, 11,18% complicaciones fetales y 9,87% muerte materna. A su vez, se registraron como complicaciones maternas m\ue9dicas alteraciones hematol\uf3gicas (83,87%), S\uedndrome de Hellp (62,36%), alteraciones metab\uf3licas (39,78%), alteraciones cardio-respiratorias (20,43%) y alteraciones renales (13,97%); mientras que las complicaciones maternas obst\ue9tricas fueron desprendimiento prematuro de placenta (11,82%) y hemorragia postparto (12,90%). De esta manera, al identificar las principales complicaciones maternas es posible ejecutar una conducta adecuada y realizar una intervenci\uf3n precoz para prevenir la aparici\uf3n de las mismas en su forma m\ue1s grave.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Preeclampsia, complicaciones maternas m\ue9dicas y obst\ue9tricas.
ABSTRACT
Preeclampsia is considered a public health problem and it is associated to high maternal and fetal morbility - mortality. For this reason, the objective of the following research was to describe the maternal complications in patients with a diagnosis of preeclampsia who entered in the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of the Central University Hospital "Dr. Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda", during the time period of May - December 2014. A Descriptive retrospective study was made, obtaining a series of 152 patients in which 62,50% corresponded to the age grup between 20-30 years old, 46,05% were newly expecting mothers. In addition, 62,50% registered prematury delivery, 70,39% were hospitalized between 2-7 days and 96,05% reported severe preeclampsia; also a 75% of de way of culmination of pregnancy was by caesarean operation and 84,21% were treated in the delivery room, however, 8,55% were hospitalized in the Acute Medical Service and 7,24% in the Shock Trauma Intensive Care Unit. Between the comorbidities chronic arterial hypertension was found (15,79%) and obesity (3,95%). Likewise, 32,03% presented maternal complications, 2829% showed both maternal and fetal complications, 11,18% fetal complications and 9,87% maternal death. At the same time, hematologic alterations were registered as medical maternal complications (83,87%), Hellp syndrome (62,36%) metabolic alterations (39,78%), cardio-respiratory alterations (20,43%) and renal alterations (13,97%); whereas the obstetric alterations were premature release of the placenta (11,82%) and postpartum hemorrhage (12,90%). In the way, it was achieved to obtain the main maternal complications in manner to use the most adequate conduct for this disorder together with the early interventions to be able to decrease the maternal events adverse in the context of its acute form.
KEY WORDS: Preeclampsia, Obstetric medical complications.<br
FRECUENCIA DE TUMORES NASALES Y DE SENOS PARANASALE EN PACIENTES QUE ACUDEN A LA CONSULTA DE OTORRINOLARINGOLOG\ucdA. HOSPITAL CENTRAL UNIVERSITARIO DR. "ANTONIO MAR\ucdA PINEDA"
Get PDFLos tumores de fosas nasales y senos paranasales son pocos frecuentes. Por esta raz\uf3n, se realiz\uf3 un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con el objetivo de determinar la frecuencia de tumores nasales y de senos paranasales en pacientes que asistieron a la Consulta del Servicio de Otorrinolaringolog\ueda del Hospital Central Universitario Dr. "Antonio Mar\ueda Pineda", durante el lapso enero 2013-octubre 2015. Obteniendo una serie de 47 pacientes caracterizados por contar con un promedio de edad de 46,61\ub119,27 a\uf1os, con predominio del sexo masculino (55,32%) y de ocupaci\uf3n oficios del hogar (32,40%), estudiantes (17,02%) y agricultores (12,77%). Adem\ue1s, 55,32% eran fumadores y 42,55% consum\uedan alcohol; tambi\ue9n, estaban expuestos a pinturas (14,89%). Como caracter\uedsticas cl\uednicas m\ue1s frecuentes se encontr\uf3 obstrucci\uf3n nasal (87,23%), epistaxis (38,30%), dolor (34,04%) y rinorrea (31,91%) y la localizaci\uf3n de los tumores fue fosas nasales (76,60%), seno etmoidal (55,32%) y seno maxilar (53,19%). Asimismo, 72,34% reportaron tumores benignos, de los cuales 26,47% fueron p\uf3lipos nasales y 23,53% papiloma nasal; mientras, 27,66% malignos, encontrando carcinoma nasosinusal indiferenciado (28,57%), Estesioneuroblastoma y Hemangiopericitoma, 15,38% respectivamente. Se concluye estos tumores son un problema de salud por su baja frecuencia, no obstante, debe mejorar el diagn\uf3stico oportuno y el tratamiento adecuado a cada situaci\uf3n.
PALABRAS CLAVE: Tumores. Fosas nasales. Senos paranasales. Caracter\uedsticas cl\uednicas. Histopatolog\ueda.
ABSTRACT
Tumors of nasal passages and sinuses are infrequent. Therefore, a retrospective study was conducted to determine the frequency of nasal and sinus tumors in patients who attended to consultation at Otolaryngology Service of the Hospital Universitario Central Dr. "Antonio Maria Pineda" during the period January 2013 to October 2015. Getting a series of 47 patients characterized by having an average age of 46.61 \ub1 19.27 years, with male predominance (55.32%) and household chores occupation (32, 40%), students (17.02%) and farmers (12.77%). In addition, 55.32% and 42.55% were smokers consumed alcohol; Also, they were exposed to paints (14.89%). The most frequent clinical characteristics were nasal obstruction (87.23%), epistaxis (38.30%), facial pain (34.04%) and rhinorrhea (31.91%) and location of tumors was found nostrils (76 , 60%), ethmoid sinus (55.32%) and maxillary sinus (53.19%). Also they reported 72.34% benign tumors, which nasal polyps were 26.47% and 23.53% nasal papilloma; while 27.66% malignant, finding Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma (28.57%), and Hemangiopericytoma Esthesioneuroblastoma, 15.38% respectively. We conclude these tumors are a health concern because of its low frequency, however, it must improve early diagnosis and appropriate treatment for each situation.
KEY WORDS: Tumors. Nasal cavity. Paranasal sinuses. Clinical characteristics. Histopathology. <br