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funCode 1.0 -- Technical Report
Get PDFHarmonic analysis annotations can be represented in a computer model of
a piece of music by plain text strings.
But whenever automated processings like analysis, comparison or retrieval are
intended, a formal definition is helpful. This should cover not only the syntactic
structure, but also the semantics, i.e. the intended meaning, and thus
adheres to the technique of mathematical remodelling of existing cultural phenomena.
The resulting models can serve as a basis for automated processing, but also help to
clarify the communication and discussion among humans substantially.
The funCode project proposes such a definition in four layers, which address different
problems of encoding and communication (relation of symbol sequences to staff positions;
combining functions; chord roots; interval structure and voice leading). Only one of them is
specific to functional (Riemannian) theory and can possibly be replaced to represent
scale degree theory.
The proposal is configurable to different interval specification methods
and open to localisation.
Syntax and semantics are defined and implemented using Prolog, which, due to its
well-founded semantics, implies an unambiguous specification of the funCode formalism
Augmented and Virtual Reality Systems Engineering: Konzeption und Implementierung von erweiterten und virtuellen Arbeitswelten
Get PDFAugmented Reality (dt.: erweiterte Realität) und Virtual Reality (dt.: virtuelle Realität) ermöglichen die Erweiterung der Realität durch das Einblenden von visuellen Informationen in das Sichtfeld des Nutzenden bzw. den Ausschluss der Realität und das Eintauchen des Nutzenden in computergenerierte Simulationen mithilfe von Datenbrillen. Bestehende Arbeitswelten können durch diese Technologien nutzenstiftend erweitert werden oder vollständig neue Arbeitswelten abbilden. Damit eröffnen diese Technologien eine Vielzahl an Anwendungsfällen und diverse Nutzenpotenziale. Verschiedenste Barrieren hindern jedoch die Einführung der Technologien im unternehmerischen Bereich. Zur Entfaltung der Nutzenpotenziale und zur Minimierung der Adoptions- und Diffusionsbarrieren verfolgt die Dissertation einen gestaltungsorientierten Forschungsansatz der Wirtschaftsinformatik. Dabei wurden folgende Ergebnisse erzielt: (1) die Konzeption und Implementierung eines modellgetriebenen Softwareentwicklungsansatzes für erweiterte Arbeitswelten, (2) die Herleitung von Gestaltungsempfehlungen für erweiterte Arbeitswelten, (3) die Gestaltung von multiuserfähigen virtuellen Arbeitswelten als Prototyping- und Kreativitätsmedium sowie (4) die Entwicklung eines wirtschaftlichen Ökosystemmodells erweiterter und virtueller Arbeitswelten. Die im Forschungsprozess entwickelten IT-Artefakte wie Modelle, Methoden und Prototypen sowie das hergeleitete Gestaltungswissen leisten einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Diffusion der Technologien, um nutzerseitig akzeptierte sowie im betrieblichen Umfeld nutzenstiftende erweiterte und virtuelle Arbeitswelten zu erzielen
From three dimensional crystals to single molecular magnets: Electronic and magnetic properties of low dimensional advanced materials
No full textIn the framework of this habilitation thesis a number of 3d transition metal and 4f rare
earth compounds ranging from highly insulating ternary oxides of type REScO3 via
ferrite thin lm to single molecule magnets have been studied by means of complementary
x-ray spectroscopic approaches. In combination with structural investigations,
magnetic measurements and suitable theoretical calculations a detailed picture of the
electronic and magnetic structure of the materials in question could be develope
Negotiating repect(ability). A transnational ethnography of Indonesian labor brokerage
Get PDFThis dissertation studies how the Indonesian state facilitates the migration of its female citizens for employment as domestic workers in Hong Kong. Applying the research perspective of ethnographic migration and border regime analysis, I scrutinize the multiplicity of state and non-state practices in one of Asia’s major ‘labor brokerage’ countries. Building on a 12-month multi-sited ethnography in Indonesia and Hong Kong, the study sheds light on the desired and lived subjectivities of the workers and asks how these negotiate visions of national development and official expectations brought forward to them. Informed by Foucauldian, postcolonial, and feminist perspectives, I carve out how a variety of actors are invested in making Indonesia’s migrant domestic workers more respectable. I introduce the concept of respectability and situate official notions of the ‘ideal migrant’ in aspirations to modernize Indonesian brokerage on the one hand and in discourses that circle around national dignity on the other. I discuss respectability in light of the tensions inherent in labor brokerage. I show that in their subjective practices, migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong challenge official strivings for respectability, thus engaging in everyday politics from below that have repercussions on the Indonesian society. The dissertation extends earlier studies that highlight the role of gendered morality in disciplining migrant labor force. In addition, it incorporates notions of progressiveness and class distinction and points out that negotiations over migrants’ subjectivities are indicative of fundamental contestations over the self-conceptions of labor brokerage states. By examining a sending state in the Global South, it provides a global view and productively connects research on transnational migration in Asia with ethnographic migration and border regime analyses, which have hitherto mainly focused on European and North American border regimes. The dissertation gives insights in how transnational labor migration shapes the modes in which questions of (national) belonging and visions of societal well-being are negotiated in post-authoritarian Indonesia
Substrate functionalization with functional particle patterns
Get PDFIn this thesis, patterning methods to fabricate various functional particle patterns on substrates were developed, with the main aim of modifying the properties and functions of the substrates. Two classes of model substrates were selected; topographically patterned and smooth substrates. For the first model system, i.e., topographically patterned substrates, replication molding was used to topographically pattern substrates of different materials. The topographically patterned substrates, including TiO2, block-copolymer substrates (PS-b-P2VP and PS-b-P4VP), and microrings (TiO2 and Au), were then used to assemble silica (SiO2) microparticles for functional applications. By the assembly of microparticles on topographically patterned substrates, the wettability of the former could be reversibly switched from hydrophobic to hydrophilic. Moreover, a platform for the preparation of Janus particles by orthogonal functionalization of the top and bottom sides of microparticles assembled on topographically patterned substrates was developed. Clusters of superparamagnetic nanoparticles were stamped on the second class of model substrates, i.e., smooth silanized silicon substrates. A capillary stamping approach combined with an external permanent magnetic field or electromagnets was realized to print magnetic nanoparticle-based inks. In this way, ordered arrays of clusters of magnetic nanoparticles were produced
Statistical Evaluation of the Imbibition of Polymers into Porous Materials
Get PDFFrozen transient imbibition states into two complementary pore models having pore diameters of ~380 nm and hydroxyl-terminated inorganic-oxidic pore walls, controlled porous glass (CPG) and self-ordered porous alumina (AAO), were imaged by phase-contrast X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping (EDX). The deployment of phase-contrast X-ray CT bring together the advantages of macroscopic averaging methods and microscopy by allowing the algorithmic evaluation of three-dimensional reconstructions of imbibition morphologies to study characteristic features with characteristic length scales in the range from a few tens of μm down to the sub-μm scale, not possible with averaging methods, and with high validity, unattainable with microscopy.
CPG contains continuous spongy-tortuous pore systems. AAO containing arrays of isolated straight cylindrical pores is a reference pore model with a tortuosity close to 1. Comparative evaluation of the spatiotemporal imbibition front evolution yields important information on the pore morphology of a probed tortuous matrix like CPG and on the imbibition mechanism. Image analysis methods based on the evaluation of pixel brightness fluctuations were developed to determine imbibition front positions and widths by descriptive statistics. The retardation of the imbibition front movement with respect to AAO reference samples may be used as a descriptor for the geometric tortuosity of a tested porous matrix. The velocity of the imbibition front movements in CPG equaled two-thirds of the velocity of the imbibition front movements in AAO. Moreover, the dynamics of the imbibition front broadening discloses whether porous matrices are dominated by cylindrical neck-like pore segments or by nodes. Independent single-meniscus movements in cylindrical AAO pores result in faster imbibition front broadening than in CPG, in which a morphology dominated by nodes results in slower cooperative imbibition front movements involving several menisci. The results presented here may be relevant to a broad variety of applications including printing, adhesive bonding, oil recovery, water filtration, as well as the optimization of production and properties of engineering, construction and hybrid materials
Partizipative Forschung zur Nitratbelastung: Der Stickstoffproblematik auf der Spur (Themenheft 4: Stickstoff-Box - Begleitheft)
No full textDie Stickstoffbelastung der Umwelt nimmt in der gesellschaftlichen Diskussion einen immer größer werdenden Stellenwert ein. Gleichzeitig wächst in der Gesellschaft das Interesse, an aktuellen Forschungsthemen teilzuhaben. Daher wurde von den Universitäten Oldenburg und Osnabrück ein Citizen Science-Projekt zur Stickstoffbelastung ins Leben gerufen und von der Deutschen Bundesstiftung Umwelt (DBU) gefördert. In diesem Kontext wurde mit der Stickstoff-Box ein Experimentierset entwickelt, das es ermöglichen soll, die Thematik experimentell zu erkunden. Das Begleitheft zur Stickstoff-Box liefert Informationen, Anregungen und Fragestellung rund um das Thema Stickstoff in unserer Umwelt
Cut Problems on Graphs
Get PDFCut problems on graphs are a well-known and intensively studied class of optimization problems.
In this thesis, we study the maximum cut problem, the maximum bond problem, and the minimum multicut problem through their associated polyhedra, i.e., the cut polytope, the bond polytope, and the multicut dominant, respectively.
Continuing the research on the maximum cut problem and the cut polytope, we present a linear description for cut polytopes of K_{3,3}-minor-free graphs as well as an algorithm solving the maximum cut problem on these graphs in the same running time as planar maximum cut. Moreover, we give a complete characterization of simple and simplicial cut polytopes. Considering the maximum cut problem from an algorithmic point of view, we propose an FPT-algorithm for the maximum cut problem parameterized by the crossing number.
We start the structural study of the bond polytope by investigating its basic properties and the effect of graph operations on the bond polytope and its facet-defining inequalities.
After presenting a linear-time reduction of the maximum bond problem to the maximum bond problem on 3-connected graphs, we discuss valid and facet defining inequalities arising from edges and cycles.
These inequalities yield a complete linear description for bond polytopes of 3-connected planar (K_5-e)-minor-free graphs.
This polytopal result is mirrored algorithmically by proposing a linear-time algorithm for the maximum bond problem on (K_5-e)-minor-free graphs.
Finally, we start the structural study of the multicut dominant. We investigate basic properties, which gives rise to lifting and projection results for the multicut dominant. Then, we study the effect of graph operations on the multicut dominant and its facet-defining inequalities. Moreover, we present facet-defining inequalities supported on stars, trees, and cycles as well as separation algorithms for the former two classes of inequalities
Transparente Beschreibung gesundheitspädagogischer Interventionen im Handlungsfeld 'Berufsdermatologie'
No full text„Komplexe Interventionen“ bestehen aus mehreren, interdependenten Bestandteilen. Sie finden sowohl in medizinischen (z. B. „Disease Management Programme“), als auch in gesundheitspädagogischen (z. B. Patientenschulungen im Bereich der Indivdualprävention) Bereichen Anwendung. Zur Entwicklung solcher Maßnahmen (z. B. der individuellen Lichtschutzberatung – ILB) existieren verschiedene Modelle, die zugrunde gelegt werden können. Dazu gehören u.a. das Model des Medical Research Council sowie das Logikmodell nach O´Cathain et al. (2019).
Trotz der theoretischen Fundierung zur Konzeption komplexer Interventionen werden in wissenschaftlichen Publikationen oft eine fehlende Transparenz und unvollständige Interventionsbeschreibungen kritisiert. Die vollständige Beschreibung der Interventionsentwicklung sowie aller enthaltenen Komponenten ist jedoch eine zentrale Voraussetzung für die Reproduzierbarkeit, die Bewertung sowie die Interpretation von Evaluationsergebnissen (z. B. die Entscheidung über eine langfristige Implementation).
Während Leitlinien zum Berichten klinischer Studien (z. B. CONSORT) etabliert und von den meisten wissenschaftlichen Zeitschriften gefordert werden, trifft dies nicht immer auf den Bericht über die Konzeption einer komplexer Interventionen zu. Das EQUATOR Netzwerk (Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research) fördert transparente Berichterstattung wissenschaftlicher Studien und gibt einen Überblick über verschiedene Leitlinien (sog. „Reporting Guidelines“) mit dem Ziel, die Qualität von Publikationen zu erhöhen. Zwei mögliche Leitlinien in diesem Zusammenhang sind „CReDECI 2“ und „TIDieR“:
Die Leitlinie „Criteria for Reporting the Development and Evaluation of Complex Interventions in healthcare“ (CReDECI 2) fokussiert sowohl die Entwicklungs- und Pilotierungsphase als auch den Evaluationsprozess. Das „Template for Intervention Description and Replication“ (TIDieR) setzt sich aus zwölf Items (z. B. Kurzbezeichnung und Materialien) zusammen, aus denen eine Gesamtbeschreibung der konzipierten Maßnahme entsteht. Im Rahmen der Tagung wird an einem Anwendungsbeispiel zur Prävention von UV-induziertem, berufsbedingtem Hautkrebs bei Außenbeschäftigten die Verwendung solcher Leitlinien verdeutlicht
Impact of pathogenic SMS2 variants on lipid landscapes and membrane properties along the secretory pathway
Get PDFSphingomyelin (SM) is a major component of mammalian cell membranes. Its bulk production in the trans-Golgi provides a thermodynamic trap for cholesterol synthesized in the ER to promote the formation of a SM/sterol concentration gradient along the secretory pathway. This gradient marks a fundamental transition in physical membrane properties that helps specify organelle identity and function. A previous study identified mutations in SM synthase SMS2 as the underlying cause of a hereditary form of osteoporosis and skeletal dysplasia. This work shows that two missense SMS2 variants linked to the most severe bone phenotype, p.I62S and p.M64R, retain full enzymatic activity but are unable to leave the ER owing to a defective autonomous ER export signal. Consequently, bulk production of SM is mistargeted to the ER, the site for de novo synthesis of the SM precursor ceramide. Combining organellar lipidomics with the application of lipid reporters, I find that cells harboring these pathogenic SMS2 variants accumulate plasma membrane-like SM levels in the ER and display a disrupted SM asymmetry at the plasma membrane, presumably due to a constitutive SM scrambling in the ER. These aberrant SM distributions also occur in patient-derived fibroblasts and are accompanied by significant imbalances in cholesterol organization and lipid order along the secretory pathway. Moreover, I find that a more common nonsense SMS2 variant associated with a milder bone phenotype, p.R50X, yields a truncated but catalytically active enzyme that is mistargeted to an early Golgi compartment. Collectively, these data indicate that pathogenic SMS2 variants undermine the capacity of cells to uphold nonrandom lipid distributions in the secretory pathway that may be critical for the bone forming activity of osteogenic cells