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Artificial river flow regulation triggered spatio-temporal changes in marine macrobenthos of the Yellow River Estuary
No full textThe Water Sediment Discharge Regulation (WSR) in the Yellow River transports a vast quantity of freshwater and materials to the Bohai Sea within 20 days, significantly altering the ambient environment of the estuary. To elucidate the ecological impacts of this typically artificial flood event, we investigated the benthic habitats and macrobenthic biodiversity within the Affected Core Area (ACA) influenced by this discharge. Our results show that: (1) The discharge created an area with extreme environmental conditions, extending from the southern estuary to Laizhou Bay. This led to a rapid transformation of the habitat, as evidenced by a significant increase in turbidity, ammonium, and silicate levels. Among these factors, nitrogen nutrients and pH were the dominant drivers of environmental filtration, shaping the macrobenthos community structure; (2) The changing habitat triggered spatial shifts in macrobenthos abundance based on the distance from the estuary. Compared to the northern estuary, species composition and C-diversity in the southern area decreased significantly. These changes collectively established a short-term biodiversity front in the estuary region; (3) Community stability declined, as evidenced by a 24.20% reduction in niche width for generalist species and a 90.91% shift in specialist species. Furthermore, the connectivity between species decreased, and the average path length of the network increased, resulting in a more fragmented community structure. Notably, some ecological patches dominated by generalist species (e.g. Alpheus distinguendus) emerged. These findings enhance our understanding of marine ecological responses to artificial flood events within the context of global environmental changes
A chitosan containing thiophene group and its preparation method and application
No full text本发明涉及海洋化工工程领域，具体涉及一种含噻吩基团的壳聚糖及其制备方法和应用。含噻吩基团的壳聚糖结构如式一所示；其制备方法简单，原料来源广泛，无副作用。实验证明，所得的含噻吩基团的壳聚糖衍生物具有良好的抗氧化活性及抑菌活性，可广泛应用于农业、医药和食品等领域。式一
Marine exploration equipment
No full text本实用新型公开了一种海洋勘探设备，包括两个浮筒，两个所述浮筒上端和下端之间固定连接有固定横板，所述浮筒远离固定横板的一侧上端均设有水下推进器，所述浮筒上端面固定连接有安装管，所述浮筒内均设有用于控制浮筒沉浮的潜浮组件；所述安装管上端之间固定连接有固定盒，所述固定盒上连接有牵引缆绳，所述固定盒上设有用于控制浮筒下潜方向的调向组件；本实用新型通过设置的第二调向翼板和第一调向翼板可在使用时对装置进行调位，使得在使用时可根据需要控制装置落入指定位置，使用方便，避免了无法控制方向导致的落位偏差的问题
The present invention relates to a method for high-sensitively detecting cyanide at normal temp. and its nano colorimetric analysis kit
No full text本发明公开了一种在常温下高灵敏检测氰化物的方法及纳米比色分析试剂盒，属于化学检测技术领域。该方法包括以下步骤：(1)制备并纯化、浓缩AuNBPs胶体溶液；(2)向Tris‑NaOH缓冲液中添加TCEP、浓缩的AuNBPs胶体溶液、CTAB和实际样品，于25℃反应40min，检测溶液的紫外吸收光谱图；(3)根据金纳米双锥体的轴向LSPR峰位移与CN‑浓度对数形式的线性方程计算实际样品中CN‑的含量。本发明的有益之处在于：(1)通过引入TCEP，大幅度的提高了CN‑检测的灵敏度(大约提高了两个数量级)；(2)使用TCEP加速反应进行，避免了加热问题，扩宽了纳米比色传感器的使用范围
Dissolved N pollution and its biogeochemical constraints along a river-sea continuum of a typical dense oyster mariculture coastal water, northwest South China Sea
No full textDissolved nutrients, including nitrate (NO-3-N) and its dual isotopes (615N-NO- 3 and 618O-NO-3) were systematically studied along a river-sea continuum, wherein dense oyster mariculture is implemented, to constrain the pollution sources and biogeochemical cycling mechanisms of nitrogen (N). Total dissolved N, mainly composed of inorganic N, showed strong anthropogenic influence. Based on MixSIAR model results, N pollution was predominantly sourced from sewage/wastewater (55.9-64.3 %). Nutrient stoichiometry revealed DIP and DSi stress, and surface water in the riverine region was severely eutrophic. The occurrences of eutrophication and changes in nutrient stoichiometry were significantly related to N pollution sources in both summer and winter. N dynamics were controlled by anthropogenic activities and physical mixing. However, due to the insignificance of biological processes such as denitrification, phytoplankton assimilation, N2 fixation, and nitrification, including the lack of significant isotopic fractionation associated with these processes, and the poor fit of both the Rayleigh Model and Open system Model to the measured data, it is speculated that the several-fold reduction in N load and eutrophication along the river-sea continuum could be attributed to a combination of significant N removal by dense oyster mariculture and nutrient dilution due to physical mixing of river and seawater during winter and summer
Stopover habitat use of coastal Pied Avocet revealed by satellite tracking and remote sensing technology
No full textStopover sites identification for migratory waterbirds is important in China's coastal wetlands, which have experienced a massive loss of natural wetlands in recent decades. Taking the Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta), a common waterbird in China's coastal zone as an example, our research focused on their stopover habitat use based on satellite tracking and remote sensing technology. Along the coast, a total of 6 critical stopover sites, duration of stay more than 14 days, were recognized during their 2022-2023 autumn and spring migrations of the 4 tagged individuals. The results showed that Pied Avocets used habitats close to the coastline and water source, at low elevation, and with sparse vegetation. They also had a certain tolerance for human interference. From the perspective of the land use and land cover type, the proportion (33.01 %) of artificial wetlands including paddy, salt pan, and mariculture has exceeded that (27.97 %) of natural wetlands such as bottomland, tidal flat, estuarine waters, and shallow water in the home ranges of the 6 stopover areas. The study emphasized that the habitat function of artificial wetland should be paid enough attention to while maintaining the natural wetland without further loss. In addition, habitat-oriented management suggestions were put forward for artificial wetlands. This study can provide data and technical support for the conservation and management of waterbirds stopovers, also having reference value for other species
Ultrasensitive NIR-II Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering Nanoprobes with Nonlinear Photothermal Effect for Optimized Phototheranostics
No full textSurface-enhanced resonance Raman scattering (SERRS) in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window has great potential for improved phototheranostics, but lacks nonfluorescent, resonant and high-affinity Raman dyes. Herein, it is designed and synthesize a multi-sulfur Raman reporter, NF1064, whose maximum absorption of 1064 nm rigidly resonates with NIR-II excitation laser while possessing absolutely nonfluorescent backgrounds. Ultrafast spectroscopy suggests that the fluorescence quenching mechanism of NF1064 originates from twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) in the excited state. Gold nanorods (AuNRs) decorated with such nonfluorescent NF1064 (AuNR@NF1064) show remarkable SERRS performances, including zero-fluorescence background, femtomolar-level sensitivity as well as superb photostability without fluorescence photobleaching. More importantly, AuNR@NF1064 exhibits a nonlinear photothermal effect upon plasmonic fields of AuNRs by amplifying the non-radiative decay of nonfluorescent NF1064, thus achieving a high photothermal conversion of 68.5% in NIR-II window with potential for further augmentation. With remarkable SERRS and photothermal properties, the NIR-II nanoprobes allow for high-precision intraoperative guided tumor resection within 8 min, and high-efficient hyperthermia combating of drug-resistant bacterial infection within living mouse body. This work not only unlocks the potential of nonfluorescent resonant dyes for NIR-II Raman imaging, but also opens up a new method for boosting photothermal conversion efficiency of nanomaterials
Exploring the factors influencing the carbon sink function of coastal wetlands in the Yellow River Delta
No full textUnderstanding the mechanisms of the coastal wetland ecosystem carbon sink function is crucial for adapting to, mitigating, and predicting global climate change. Landscape metrics and Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) model were used to quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) and vegetation carbon sequestration (VCS) in the Yellow River Delta (YRD). GeoDetector model was used to explore the effects of various factors influencing VCS. The results showed that: (1) From 1999 to 2020, the area of natural wetlands and non-wetlands decreased, while the area of artificial wetlands increased. (2) The SOC stock in the 0 similar to 100 cm depth in 1999 and 2020 were about 7.8871 Tg C and 7.0521 Tg C, respectively. The amount of VCS increased from 0.2309 Tg C in 2000 to 0.3681 Tg C in 2020, with a significant annual increase of 6532 Mg C. In the past 21 years, the total carbon sink in the YRD was 6.0952 Tg C. The amount of VCS was equivalent to 2.93% of SOC stock in 1999, rising to 5.22% by 2020. (3) Vegetation cover has the greatest influence on the carbon sink function in the YRD, followed by precipitation and biodiversity. From 2000 to 2020, the effect of biodiversity on the carbon sinks of natural wetlands and artificial wetlands increased. The synergistic effect of wetland type and vegetation cover on carbon sink effect was replaced by the synergistic effect of biodiversity and vegetation cover. The identification of the primary factors that influence VCS in the YRD is significant to the understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon sink effect in coastal wetland ecosystems, and to the guidance of the rational development and protection of coastal wetlands and promote sustainable ecosystem development
Exploring the factors influencing the carbon sink function of coastal wetlands in the Yellow River Delta
No full textUnderstanding the mechanisms of the coastal wetland ecosystem carbon sink function is crucial for adapting to, mitigating, and predicting global climate change. Landscape metrics and Carnegie Ames Stanford Approach (CASA) model were used to quantify the spatiotemporal patterns of soil organic carbon (SOC) and vegetation carbon sequestration (VCS) in the Yellow River Delta (YRD). GeoDetector model was used to explore the effects of various factors influencing VCS. The results showed that: (1) From 1999 to 2020, the area of natural wetlands and non-wetlands decreased, while the area of artificial wetlands increased. (2) The SOC stock in the 0 similar to 100 cm depth in 1999 and 2020 were about 7.8871 Tg C and 7.0521 Tg C, respectively. The amount of VCS increased from 0.2309 Tg C in 2000 to 0.3681 Tg C in 2020, with a significant annual increase of 6532 Mg C. In the past 21 years, the total carbon sink in the YRD was 6.0952 Tg C. The amount of VCS was equivalent to 2.93% of SOC stock in 1999, rising to 5.22% by 2020. (3) Vegetation cover has the greatest influence on the carbon sink function in the YRD, followed by precipitation and biodiversity. From 2000 to 2020, the effect of biodiversity on the carbon sinks of natural wetlands and artificial wetlands increased. The synergistic effect of wetland type and vegetation cover on carbon sink effect was replaced by the synergistic effect of biodiversity and vegetation cover. The identification of the primary factors that influence VCS in the YRD is significant to the understanding of the spatiotemporal evolution of carbon sink effect in coastal wetland ecosystems, and to the guidance of the rational development and protection of coastal wetlands and promote sustainable ecosystem development
Subsoiling with straw return promotes soil nitrogen supply and increase maize yield in saline-alkaline farmland of the Yellow River Delta
No full textThe distinct soil physicochemical properties of saline-alkali farmland often lead to nutrient deficiencies, particularly in nitrogen. Both straw return and tillage are essential practices for modifying saline-alkali soils, however, their combined effects on soil properties, nitrogen(N) transformation and absorption, as well the crop yield remain inadequately understood. A field experiment was conducted to assess the cumulative impacts of straw return and tillage (rotary tillage, deep tillage and subsoiling) on soil salinity, nitrogen transformation and maize yield. The results revealed that the soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC) significantly decreased from the 0-20 cm layer to the 20-40 cm layer, indicating that deep tillage was less effective on salt accumulation in the surface soil. The return of straw return and tillage practices significantly influenced the fractions of soil organic nitrogen (SON) and the distribution percentage in total nitrogen. Additionally, these practices notably interacted to increase soil acid insoluble-N, active SON and stable SON. The combination of straw return and rotary tillage resulted in a higher content of stable SON in the 0-20 cm soil layer. Conversely, the combination of straw return and subsoiling proved to be more effective on soil available N and active SON supplying, as well as maintaining stable nitrogen levels. Furthermore, straw return combined with subsoiling achieved the highest plant nitrogen uptake and yield, with increases of 21.7% and 38.2%, respectively, compared to the rotary without straw. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that stable SON was the primary contributor influencing maize yield, while inorganic N in the 0-20 cm layer and hydrolysable ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in the 20-40 cm were also the closely related factors. These results provide a new insight for implementing straw return measures to enhance soil quality and increase crop production in saline-alkali farmland