Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Parenting style and adolescent depression: The mediating role of parent-child conflict
No full text青少年抑郁症已成为全球性的公共卫生问题，家庭环境特别是父母教养方式和亲子关系对青少年心理健康具有重要作用。本研究基于家庭系统理论和生态系统理论，探讨父母教养方式对青少年抑郁症的影响以及亲子冲突的中介作用。通 过两个研究，从多个视角分析家庭教养方式对青少年心理健康的影响。
研究一基于 2085 名中学生样本数据，采用二次响应面分析探讨父母教养方 式的一致性及其对青少年抑郁症的影响。结果发现：（1）当父母的积极教养方式较高时，青少年抑郁水平显著降低，当消极教养方式较高时，青少年抑郁风险显著增加；（2）父母的关怀一致且高的时候，对青少年抑郁有积极影响，但对母子冲突和父子冲突会有一定升高；父母的自主性一致且高的时候，青少年抑郁、母子冲突和父子冲突都会有一定升高；(3)亲子冲突在父母教养方式与青少年抑郁之间起部分中介作用。
研究 2a 基于 749 个父母两方匹配样本数据，采用二元响应面分析方法，考察父母教养方式对亲子冲突的行动者效应，伴侣效应和一致性效应。结果发现： （1）于行动者效应而言，母亲的教养方式行动者效应都显著。父亲的自主性对父子冲突的行动者效应不显著，其余都显著；（2）于伴侣效应而言，母亲的关怀负向预测父子冲突，其余维度的伴侣效应都不显著。父亲的冷漠无法预测母子冲突，其余维度伴侣效应都显著；（3）父亲和母亲的冷漠一致且低时，母子冲突也会有一定升高。研究 2b 基于 191 个父母孩子三方匹配样本数据，采用二次响应面分析方法，考察父母教养方式对亲子冲突和青少年抑郁的一致性效应以及亲子冲突在父母教养方式和青少年抑郁之间的中介效应。结果发现：父母的关怀和过度保护一致且高的时候，对青少年抑郁的影响并不显著，这可能与样本大小有关。
本研究创新性地整合了多源数据和多变量方法，揭示了父母教养方式一致性与青少年抑郁之间的非线性关系，强调了亲子冲突的中介机制。在实践中，建议家长注意教养方式一致性，平衡情感支持和自主性培养，避免极端控制或漠不关心。结果为家庭治疗和心理健康政策制定提供了理论依据，其因果机制有待未来结合纵向设计进一步验证。</p
Future orientation influences differential adherence to social norms
No full text社会规范是行为引导中广泛应用的重要方法之一，对个体行为的调节起着关键作用。根据焦点理论，社会规范分为描述性规范和命令性规范，两者在作用机制上存在显著差异，因此在不同情境下的效果也有所不同。然而，现有研究对描述性规范和命令性规范的差异及其适用情境关注不足，导致在实际应用中无法精准选择合适的规范类型，未能充分发挥两类规范的作用。为弥补这一研究不足，本研究旨在探讨影响描述性规范与命令性规范效果的边界条件，为未来更精细的助推实践提供理论支持。
有研究显示，社会规范在那些需要人们牺牲即时利益以换取未来收益的行为中尤为有效。而高未来导向的个体在维持长期行为改变中起着关键作用，鉴于该 领域的研究非常有限且系统性不足，研究针对这一群体的助推策略的研究亟待开展。本研究重点关注未来导向是否会影响描述性规范和命令性规范的效力。
研究1 通过测量个体的未来导向对描述性规范与命令性规范依从性的影响， 探讨未来导向与两类社会规范依从性的相关性。情景 1 与情景 2 均使用 516 名被试进行研究，分别在两个常见情境（节约用纸与公益产品购买）中进行了初步探索。结果显示，对于未来导向较高的个体，节约用纸行为更多地受到其感知到的命令性规范的预测；而未来导向较低的个体，其节约用纸行为则更多地受到描述性规范的影响。
研究 2 通过操纵未来导向的高低，探索其对描述性、命令性规范依从性的影响，进一步验证未来导向对社会规范依从性的影响。结果与假设一致，表明通 过提醒人们日常生活中的未来导向经历，可以增强他们对命令性规范的依从性。
研究 3 将研究结论从行为意愿扩展到实际行为层面。在“早睡打卡”活动 中，研究邀请参与者测量未来导向后，随机向其呈现描述性规范或命令性规范，并统计报名情况。结果表明，未来导向较高的群体更倾向于遵守命令性规范，而未来导向较低的群体对描述性规范的依从性更高，为行为干预提供了更精细化的指导。
本研究通过三项研究系统性揭示了未来导向水平对个体遵守社会规范行为的调节作用及其差异性影响机制。研究发现，个体的未来导向水平显著影响其对描述性规范与命令性规范的遵从倾向：未来导向水平较低的个体表现出更强的描述性规范遵从倾向，而未来导向水平较高的个体则更倾向于遵守命令性规范。这一发现不仅深化了我们对社会规范遵从行为的理解，更为精准化地运用社会规范进行行为干预提供了重要的理论依据和实践指导。</p
Impact of imitation abilities on social communication in autistic children: evidence from an Early Start Denver Model intervention study (vol 16,23,2025)
No full textImitation is foundational to early social learning, yet autistic children often exhibit signiffcant impairments in imitation, potentially impacting their social communication skills. This study examined the relationship between imitation abilities and social communication in autistic children and evaluated the effectiveness of the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) intervention. The study included 52 autistic children aged 2–5, divided into an experimental group receiving ESDM intervention and a control group undergoing standard rehabilitation. We assessed the children’s imitation and social communication skills before and after the intervention. Results indicated a signiffcant positive correlation between imitation and social communication skills both before and after the intervention. Speciffcally, various forms of imitation (e.g., vocal, gestural, object-related) were closely linked to different domains of social communication (e.g., expressive communication, joint attention, social skills). Baseline imitation levels and improvements in imitation were signiffcant predictors of enhanced social communication, jointly accounting for over half of the observed improvements in social communication, with imitation improvement being the strongest predictor. Age positively moderated the relationship between imitation and social communication, with older children showing a stronger impact of imitation on social communication. Although these effects were evident across groups, the ESDM group showed greater gains in imitation skills compared to the control group. However, we did not ffnd evidence of an intervention effect on social communication skills. This study underscores the critical role of imitation in the social communication development of autistic children. These ffndings support the enhancement of imitation skills in early interventions for autistic children, highlighting the effectiveness of ESDM in fostering imitation abilities.</p
Quantitative threshold effects identification of urban green exposure on multidimensional human health - A case study in Xiamen City, China
No full textUrban green spaces benefit health, and several cities have set specific greening targets or proposed guidelines to increase the presence of green spaces. However, the development of urban green spaces is restricted by the complex urban environment. The quantitative threshold effects of passive green exposure levels and human health are still not clear. Addressing this gap is crucial for effective urban planning, particularly in densely built environments with limited land resources, as it helps prevent uneven resource distribution and waste. This study explored a threshold effects identification framework related to human health based on quantifying passive green exposure, which characterizes the supply and service capacity of urban green spaces. A case study in Xiamen included a survey of 902 investigated individuals was conducted to collect self-reported health data. Their passive green exposure was quantified using open access geospatial data to quantify the individuals' actual green visibility, availability and proximity. A generalized additive model (GAM) was employed to detect non-linear relationships and identify threshold effects by its derivative. The results showed significant non-linear relationships exist between green visibility and availability and physical health in Xiamen City, with threshold effects. At the individual level, achieving the green visibility thresholds (0.1 and 0.15) and availability thresholds (0.26 and 0.35) were associated with significant social health benefits. Future research should integrate both active and passive green exposure metrics and employ threshold effects identification in different urban contexts, providing more accurate guidance for healthier urban green spaces planning
Integrating generative AI with neurophysiological methods in psychiatric practice
No full textThis paper explores the potential integration of generative AI (e.g., large language models) with neuroscientific and physiological approaches in psychiatric practice. Renowned for its advanced natural language processing capabilities, generative AI has shown promise in psychological counseling, emotional support, and clinical interventions. However, its application alongside neuroscience and physiology in psychiatry remains underexplored. We propose that generative AI can facilitate translations and adaptive explanations, streamline experimental preparation, enhance multi-modal data analysis, and improve clinical applications through realtime communication, content generation, and data synthesis. Furthermore, we examine how generative AI, as a specialized application of deep learning, can identify new biomarkers and construct neurophysiological models of psychiatric symptoms. We also discuss the synergistic relationship between neuroscience and AI development, particularly in improving AI's emotional recognition and learning mechanisms. While acknowledging the potential benefits, we address the challenges and risks associated with generative AI in psychiatry, including data reliability, privacy concerns, and resource constraints. This perspective advocates for a balanced approach to leveraging AI's capabilities while safeguarding mental health
Enhancing Speech Emotion Recognition With Conditional Emotion Feature Diffusion and Progressive Interleaved Learning Strategy
No full textSpeech emotion recognition (SER) aims to identify the speaker's emotional states in specific utterances accurately. However, existing methods still face feature confusion when attempting to recognize certain emotions because traditional acoustic feature extraction methods fail to capture dynamic emotional changes, blurring emotional boundaries. Additionally, existing classification networks (CNs) are constrained by fixed learning strategies, hindering their ability to capture subtle emotional nuances and resulting in label confusion. To address these two issues, we introduce 3D multiresolution modulation filtered cochleogram (MMCG) features by computing the deltas and delta-deltas of MMCG features to enhance the dynamic emotional changes and produce distinct emotional boundaries. We then customize a conditional emotion feature diffusion (CEFD) module, which progressively diffuses features based on emotional context to retain emotional nuances effectively and reduce reliance on conditioned information. In addition, a confidence filtering module is used to filter diffused features based on confidence-based posterior probabilities to ensure enhanced feature discrimination. We design a flexible training strategy named the progressive interleaved learning strategy (PILS) to learn further complex emotional nuances, which consists of two alternating stages: fine-tuning the CN parameters and supervising the CEFD output. Testing on the IEMOCAP, CASIA, and EMODB corpora demonstrates significant performance improvements in SER.</p
I want to be nice, but I'm about to be late: The impact of social mindfulness and time pressure on prosocial driving
No full textObjectivesThis study focuses on the interplay of driver's prosociality trait and situational factors on prosical driving. As for driver's prosociality, social mindfulness represents one's skill and willingness to help others, yet its correlation with prosocial driving is still unknown. As for situational factors, time pressure can impact drivers' operation when driving, but whether a time-limited circumstance could interact with driver's social mindfulness and affect prosocial driving remains uncertain.MethodsWith the purpose of exploring the interaction effect of social mindfulness and time pressure on prosocial driving, 273 valid participants (female = 87) were recruited from online survey platform. Using a mixed experimental design, all of the participants were asked about their social mindfulness and reactions under high and low time pressure situations.ResultsTime pressure had a significant main effect on prosocial driving, while social mindfulness didn't have a significant main effect on prosocial driving. The interaction effect of social mindfulness and time pressure on prosocial driving was significant. Social mindfulness was positively correlated with prosocial driving under high time pressure, while no significant correlation was found under low time pressure.ConclusionsThis study confirm an interaction effect that under high time pressure, drivers with higher social mindfulness exhibit more prosocial driving than drivers with lower social mindfulness. Result sheds light on suggestions for approaches to enhance harmonious traffic environments
Dynamics of Mental Health in Low Back Pain Patients with Clinical Pain: a Study of Preoperative Predictors and Postoperative Recovery Trajectories
No full text腰椎间盘突出及椎管狭窄，是指椎间盘的内部物质向外压迫神经根或脊髓，导致疼痛、麻木和肌肉无力等症状，属于一种常见的椎间盘疾病，普遍存在于人群中。其以慢性疼痛和功能障碍为特征，严重影响患者的生活质量和心理健康。目前，大多数研究主要利用被试间设计来探讨康复结果与心理健康之间的关系，仅有少量研究结合人口学、生理及心理学数据探求腰椎手术患者疼痛、功能障碍及心理健康的影响因素。针对上述研究不足，作者在术前采集了 241 例腰椎间盘突出及腰椎狭窄症患者的性别、年龄、受教育水平、白细胞总数、血压、血糖、心脏相关指标，焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍、疼痛、功能障碍、睡眠及社会支 持的相关数据，并于术后 5 天、1 个月、3 个月、6 个月及 12 个月追踪随访了患者的的焦虑、抑郁、创伤后应激障碍、疼痛、功能障碍、睡眠及社会支持的相关数据。基于以上数据及生物心理社会模型，作者设计了两项研究，旨在结合人口学、生理及心理学数据探讨患者康复与心理健康之间的长期关系，进一步改善患者的治疗效果。
为探讨术前预测因子，研究一分析了不同变量对心理健康的影响。在心理健康方面，睡眠、心房率与性别差异作用显著；睡眠不足会破坏神经递质平衡及神经内分泌调节，间接降低心理健康水平；快速心房率会引发大脑供血异常，从而加重负面情绪；女性在某些文化背景下较低的受教育水平会限制其对疾病和功能障碍的认知，增加其心理健康风险。在疼痛方面，睡眠、血糖及心电图指标表现出相关性。睡眠不足通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴及炎症机制提升疼痛敏感性；高血糖通过干扰神经血管代谢而加剧疼痛；心电图中 QRS、QTC、PR 间期的变化与疼痛程度紧密相关。在肢体功能障碍方面，睡眠、白细胞总数及 QRS 间期有 预测价值。睡眠不足在一定程度上阻碍肢体功能的恢复；白细胞总数因炎症或免疫异常诱发功能障碍；QRS 间期延长暗示肢体功能障碍。
为进一步探讨术后康复轨迹，研究二分析了腰椎管狭窄症患者术后 12 个月内个体的疼痛、功能障碍和心理健康之间的双向动态关系。利用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型，我们捕捉到了上述变量随时间的变化及变量间的复杂相互作用。纵向看来，较高的疼痛及功能障碍水平预示着较高的心理健康风险；睡眠质量与心理健康相互影响；良好的社会支持通过改变个人的认知评估方法而促进心理健康。从被试内视角出发，疼痛与心理健康关系复杂；功能障碍与心理健康的关联因个体差异而不同；睡眠对心理健康的长期影响不显著；社会支持在特定时段作用突出。同时，受心理预期、应对方式及用药行为等因素影响，心理健康也反向作用于疼痛和功能障碍。在多数时间节点，各因素与心理健康显著相关，但在关键时间点相对特殊。
综上所述，本研究综合运用多维度测量工具与纵向追踪研究方法，深度挖掘心理健康水平与疼痛及功能障碍之间的动态关系，力求在实践层面为临床干预策略的优化与创新提供一定的理论与数据支撑。</p
The Influence Mechanism of Power on Prosocial Behavior: The Mediating Role of the Sense of Control and the Sense of Responsibility and the Moderating Role of the Construal Level
No full text本研究聚焦于权力对亲社会行为的影响机制，探究控制感和责任感两种权力感的中介作用以及解释水平的调节作用。通过梳理相关文献发现，以往研究存在忽视权力的多重属性（如将权力等同于控制）、对权力影响行为的内在机制探究不深、较少涉及深层认知层面的影响因素（如解释水平）以及脱离复杂社会决策场景等问题，这不利于全面解释和预测权力导致的行为结果。为弥补这些不足，本研究以真实企业的管理人员为样本，综合运用实验法和问卷调查法开展两项实证研究。
研究一采用问卷调查的方法收集了 200 份企业员工的数据，考察权力通过控制感和责任感对亲社会行为的影响以及解释水平的调节作用。结果显示，权力对亲社会行为具有显著的正向促进作用，且责任感是权力影响亲社会行为的关键中介因素，即权力通过责任感的中介作用对亲社会行为产生积极影响；而控制感虽与权力存在一定相关，但在权力与亲社会行为之间并未起到中介作用。在权力通过责任感影响亲社会行为这一过程中，解释水平起到了显著的正向调节作用，解释水平越高，权力会带来更强的责任感，从而使权力者表现出更多亲社会行为。
研究二采用实验法对解释水平进行了启动操纵，收集了共计 241 份有效的实验数据，进一步考察在权力影响亲社会行为中控制感和责任感的中介作用和解释水平的调节作用。结果再次表明，责任感在权力和亲社会行为之间起到显著的中介作用，而控制感则不存在中介作用；同时，解释水平对权力通过责任感影响亲社会行为的中介效应起到正向调节作用，只有在高解释水平条件下，该中介效应才显著。
综上所述，本研究将权力引发的两种心理感受（责任感和控制感）引入其对亲社会行为的影响，并揭示了启动不同解释水平对这一影响过程的调节作用，拓展了对权力影响亲社会行为心理影响机制和边界条件的理解，也为培养正确的权力观念、提升管理人员的亲社会行为提供了重要参考。</p
Qualitative and Quantitative Analyses of the Relationship between Maternal Psychological Control and Adolescent Meaning in Life
No full text青少年时期是生命意义探索和发展的关键阶段。尽管已有研究表明生命意义感对青少年的生存和发展过程中发挥着重要作用，然而对其影响因素及相关机制的研究不足。本研究在生态系统理论的框架下，采用质性和量化相结合的方式，探索我国青少年生命意义感的现状及影响因素，并着重考察母亲心理控制的作用机制，为提高青少年生命意义感的相关干预方案提供切实的参考和指 导。
本研究包含两个研究。研究一采用质性研究设计，对 22 名中学生进行半结构化访谈，围绕生命意义感这一主题，探索分析青少年生命意义感的现状及潜在影响因素。研究二采用量化研究设计，基于研究一的结果，在生态系统框架下考察母亲心理控制与青少年生命意义感之间的关系，并探索自我概念清晰性在其中的中介作用，以及同伴疏离的调节作用。使用生命意义问卷等量表对2886 名青少年进行测量。通过独立样本 t 检验、单因素方差分析进行人口学变量 差异检验，采用 SPSS29.0 和 SPSS 宏程序 PROCESS 进行有调节的中介效应检验。
研究一结果：质性研究表明，青少年探索生命意义的状态，呈现出“尚未 思考”、“仍在探索”、“已经拥有”三种状态，取向大致分为“享受体验”、 “关系联结”、“自我成长”、“社会贡献”四类取向。影响因素上，青少年的自我认知对促进他们生命意义感的形成至关重要；父母的示范作用和主动输出均是影响青少年生命意义感的重要家庭因素；学校因素体现在教师引导和同 伴交流对青少年生命意义感的影响；而社会媒介和传统文化则是影响青少年生命意义感的主要社会文化因素。
研究二量化研究结果：（1）青少年在性别和父母婚姻状况上生命意义感存在显著差异，男生的生命意义感得分显著高于女生，已婚家庭的青少年生命意义感得分显著高于父母离异等其他家庭；（2）母亲心理控制与生命意义感呈显著负相关，自我概念清晰性与母亲心理控制呈负相关，与生命意义感呈显著正相关；青少年性别和父母婚姻状况均与生命意义感呈显著负相关；（3）母亲心理控制可以直接影响青少年生命意义感，也可以通过青少年自我概念清晰性的中介效应影响生命意义感，中介效应占比为 42.86%；（4）同伴疏离不仅在母亲心 理控制和青少年自我概念清晰性间起调节作用，而且还在母亲心理控制和青少年生命意义感间起调节作用。
研究结论：青少年的生命意义可大致分为三种状态和四类取向，其形成受到自身和环境的多重影响。家庭因素中，母亲心理控制负向影响青少年生命意义感，两者的关系中青少年自我概念清晰性起部分中介作用，同伴疏离存在调节效应，同伴疏离水平相对更低时，无论是母亲心理控制与青少年自我概念清晰性的关系还是母亲心理控制与青少年生命意义感的负向效应均更大。因此，需重视家庭，特别是母亲过度心理控制在青少年生命意义感形成过程中的破坏作用，同时，对于同伴疏离水平高的青少年，还应帮助其改善同伴关系、提升对自我的认识，进而提高他们的生命意义感。</p
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