Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Human–AI social cooperation: convergences, divergences, and challenges
No full text合作作为社会互动的基石,不仅决定了个体的助人或避害抉择,更深刻影响群体凝聚力与社会演化.人类从进化与文化视角展现出“超社会”特质:无论在小规模采集狩猎群体,还是在大规模民族国家体系中,人们均表现出高度的合作倾向.而随着大语言模型等技术的发展,新一代人工智能展现出卓越的语言理解、社会推理和情境判断能力,并被赋予更复杂与多元的社会角色.人机互动的变革使社会互动迈入全新阶段.针对这一趋势,本文系统回顾了合作研究的经典范式,提炼出合作过程的三大关键环节:策略构建、行为执行与评估学习.基于此框架,本文总结并对比了人际互动与人机互动在决策机制、合作模式与反馈适应等方面的主要发现与显著差异,从而进一步提出从多方面优化人工智能设计与人机协作系统的建议,如提升决策可解释性、引入动态反馈校准、规范数据伦理与跨文化验证等,为人机关系发展和互动模式优化提供指导.</p
Effect of paternal co-parenting on adolescent academic engagement: a moderated mediating model
No full text目的 探讨父亲共同养育对青少年学习投入的影响，以及核心自我评价和成长型思维在其中的作用。方法 采用父母协同教养问卷青少年评定版的父亲卷、学习投入问卷、核心自我评价问卷和成长型思维问卷，通过网络平台对初中生进行测量。最终回收有效问卷844份，对相关数据进行统计学分析。结果 父亲共同养育、学习投入、核心自我评价和成长型思维两两之间均呈显著正相关（r=0.26～0.61,均P<0.001）。中介效应分析和检验结果显示：父亲共同养育对学习投入的直接效应显著（β=0.22, P<0.001）；核心自我评价在父亲共同养育与学习投入之间的中介作用显著，效应量为0.22(95%CI:0.17～0.27)，占总效应的50%。调节效应分析结果显示：父亲共同养育对学习投入的直接效应以及经由核心自我评价的中介效应，均受到成长型思维的调节（β=0.13, P<0.001;β=-0.20/-0.16, P<0.001）；直接效应对于成长型思维水平较高的青少年更显著，而间接效应对于成长型思维水平较低的青少年更显著。结论 父亲共同养育不仅能直接对学习投入产生积极影响，还能通过核心自我评价的中介作用以及成长型思维的调节作用来影响学习投入。对于成长型思维水平较低的青少年，尤其需要重视父亲在共同养育中的作用，帮助他们提升核心自我评价水平，从而促进学习投入。</p
跳出父母的养育误区，你可以这样做
No full text在当下社会，父母承受着很大的教养压力，自动化的情绪反应也会让人过度焦虑。2025年，本刊邀请心理专家祝卓宏和苌雪老师，帮父母和孩子一起减减压。教养方式会代际传递？别担心，正念教养助你觉察图式模式，摆脱复制循环。心理学上讲的“图式模式”，指的是成人身上激活的一些强烈而幼稚的思维、情感和行为模式，其特征是：源于童年依恋模式，是内化了的亲子关系，被特定的人际事件或某种感觉触发；个体会无意识地处于“孩童模式”或“家长模式”；“孩童模式”和“家长模式”可以快速转变
Interventions for implicit social cognition
No full text自1995年内隐社会认知概念提出以来,该领域吸引了大量研究,涵盖内隐态度、内隐刻板印象和内隐自尊等多个方面。早期研究主要集中于内隐社会认知的测量及其影响。研究表明负面的内隐社会认知(如内隐偏见、内隐刻板印象、低内隐自尊)对人们的心理和行为具有一系列消极影响。近年来,研究焦点逐步转向如何有效干预负面的内隐社会认知,以期减少其不良后果。目前常用的有效干预方法包括评价性条件反射、接近-回避训练、群际接触、接触反刻板印象案例、内隐偏见培训、实施意图、靶向记忆再激活、诱导情绪和正念冥想9种策略。本文对上述干预方法及其效果进行了系统介绍,并对每种方法的效应量进行了元分析。结果表明,这些方法表现出小到中等程度的效应量,其中接近-回避训练、内隐偏见培训和情绪诱导干预较为有效。上述干预方法在短期内表现出一定的有效性,但缺乏长久的时效性。后续研究可以采用多方法结合提高干预效果及时效性。此外,未来的内隐社会认知干预可以在人工智能技术的支持下更加高效和便捷。</p
Localization of International Affective Digitized Sounds and Intercultural Preliminary Comparison in College Students
No full text随着声音与情绪关系研究的不断推进，对声音标准化的需求日益增加。已有研究者建立了国际情绪数字声音库（International Affective Digitized Sounds, IADS），但缺乏中国本土化。研究采用IADS-2声音库，结合情绪维度与基本情绪分类指标，探索中国大学生对各种声音的情绪评分。研究收集了166名大学生对不同声音的评分数据，对声音分类并分析不同语义类别声音的情绪反应差异，计算情绪维度的相关性，并进行跨文化比较。结果显示，不同语义类别的声音存在情绪反应差异；效价与唤醒之间呈U型关系，效价与主导性之间呈正线性相关。体育、电子游戏、音乐、情色和威胁性声音的情绪反应存在文化间差异。总的来说，研究通过对IADS-2进行本土化提供了初步结论，有待进一步研究检验。</p
Teacher Language Practice in Preschool Learning Activities and Their Relationship with Children's Language Development
No full text幼儿园学习活动中的教师语言行为对幼儿早期读写能力与学业水平有重要影响。本文从师幼互动和教师言语引导两个层面分析教师语言行为对幼儿语言发展的影响。从师幼互动角度来看，教师通过提问、适当的停顿和即时回应来维持师幼间话轮转换，相关研究揭示了开放式问题、高阶问题以及反应型回应对幼儿语言发展具有积极影响，教师的支架支持策略能够显著促进幼儿的语言表达和词汇增长。从言语引导质量角度来看，教师话语的复杂性、多样性以及概念话题的认知挑战性对幼儿的语言发展亦具有重要作用。研究结果提示，教师在教育实践中应使用适宜且多样化的提问和支架策略，同时注重语言表达的丰富性和互动的连贯性，从而优化幼儿的语言学习环境并促进其语言能力发展。</p
Resting-state functional connectivity of the default mode network subsystems as a potential biomarker for delusions in patients with first-episode drug-na?ve schizophrenia
No full textObjectives: Previous studies have indicated a close association between delusions and the default mode network (DMN). This study aimed to explore the relationship between delusions and resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) of subsystem-specific DMN in patients with first-episode drug-na & iuml;ve schizophrenia (FESCZ). Methods: This study recruited 79 FESCZ patients. The severity of delusions was assessed using the PANSS P1 item, with a score of >= 4 defining the clear presence of delusions. Seed-to-seed rsFC matrices were calculated between 11 DMN seed regions, which belong to three subsystems: the core, the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dMPFC), and the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Results: Compared with patients without clear delusions, patients with clear delusions exhibited hyperconnectivity between the core and the MTL subsystems. The severity of delusions was positively correlated with the core-MTL rsFC strength. Post-hoc analyses revealed that specific rsFC edges (rsFC between posterior cingulate cortex and retrosplenial cortex, as well as between posterior cingulate cortex and posterior inferior parietal lobule) were significantly correlated with the severity of delusions. Conclusions: The DMN core-MTL rsFC strength is associated with delusions in FESCZ patients, which may serve as a potential biomarker for the severity of delusions and offer novel neurobiological insights for delusions treatment
MCN-CL: Multimodal Cross-Attention Network and Contrastive Learning for Multimodal Emotion Recognition
No full textMultimodal emotion recognition plays a key role in many domains, including mental health monitoring, educational interaction, and human-computer interaction. However, existing methods often face three major challenges: unbalanced category distribution, the complexity of dynamic facial action unit time modeling, and the difficulty of feature fusion due to modal heterogeneity. With the explosive growth of multimodal data in social media scenarios, the need for building an efficient cross-modal fusion framework for emotion recognition is becoming increasingly urgent. To this end, this paper proposes Multimodal Cross-Attention Network and Contrastive Learning (MCN-CL) for multimodal emotion recognition. It uses a triple query mechanism and hard negative mining strategy to remove feature redundancy while preserving important emotional cues, effectively addressing the issues of modal heterogeneity and category imbalance. Experiment results on the IEMOCAP and MELD datasets show that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art approaches, with Weighted F1 scores improving by 3.42% and 5.73%, respectively.</p
Trajectories of response to bilateral rTMS in late-life depression
No full textBackground: Late-life depression is often resistant to standard treatment (LL-TRD) and presents unique clinical challenges due to comorbidities and cognitive decline. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising option, yet responses are variable. Identifying trajectories of symptom change in LL-TRD in response to rTMS may clarify this heterogeneity and guide more personalized interventions. Methods: This secondary analysis of a randomized rTMS trial in late-life depression used group-based trajectory modeling to identify depressive symptom response patterns. 172 participants aged 60+ were randomly assigned to one of two protocols: (1) bilateral rTMS, with low-frequency stimulation applied to the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and high-frequency stimulation to the left; or (2) bilateral theta burst stimulation, with continuous TBS on the right DLPFC and intermittent TBS on the left. Multinomial regression identified baseline characteristics associated with trajectory membership. Results: Four symptom trajectories were identified: Nonresponse, Partial Response, Linear Response and Rapid Response. Relative to Partial Response, higher Montgomery-& Aring;sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores were associated with lower odds of Rapid (OR = 0.79, 95 %CI:0.69-0.90) and Linear Response (OR = 0.87, 95 % CI:0.78-0.97), and higher odds of Nonresponse (OR = 1.33, 95 %CI:1.16-1.52). Benzodiazepine use was associated with lower odds of Linear Response (OR = 0.22, 95 %CI:0.08-0.56), while higher baseline anxiety was associated with higher odds of Nonresponse (OR = 1.13, 95 %CI:1.01-1.26). Conclusion: This study identified four distinct rTMS response trajectories in LL-TRD and found that greater baseline depression severity and anxiety were associated with worse trajectories. These results support early clinical profiling to identify individuals at risk for nonresponse. Clinicaltrials: gov identifier NCT02998580
Learning reduces ingroup bias more with perceived losses than gains across cultures
No full textCultural background shapes intergroup impressions. While previous evidence suggests collectivistic cultures show stronger ingroup bias, cultural effects on impression formation processes remain unexplored. Here, we used reinforcement learning models to examine changes in intergroup impressions within gain and loss frames across individualistic (Western) and collectivistic (East Asian) cultures. Participants interacted with ingroup or outgroup individuals who increased (Gain) or decreased (Loss) their earnings, with identical net outcomes. Impression ratings were taken pre- and post-interaction. Results revealed higher ingroup identification in East Asians and initial ingroup bias in both cultures. Westerners learned to reduce this initial ingroup bias based on a learning signal (negative prediction error) generated if an ingroup individual reduced their earnings (i.e., Loss frame). East Asians showed the same learning mechanism, but only with low ingroup identification. Together, we show that learning from negatively perceived ingroup interactions can decrease ingroup bias across cultures, modulated by individual ingroup identification
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