Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Are parents as great as they think they are? A longitudinal study of parent-child perceived parenting discrepancies on adolescent depressive symptoms in US families of Chinese origin
No full textA developmental perspective is needed to reveal the long-lasting influence of perceived parenting discrepancies on youth depressive symptoms from early adolescence to emerging adulthood. This is particularly important for U.S. families of Chinese origin, an understudied U.S. population in research on perceived parenting discrepancies. The current study used an 8-year longitudinal dataset of 444 youth (M-wave1.age = 13.51, SD = 0.64; 54% girls) and their mothers (N = 393) and fathers (N = 374) from U.S. families of Chinese origin to examine how convergent and divergent perceptions of parenting in early adolescence relate to depressive symptoms in emerging adulthood (M-wave3.age = 21.39, SD = 0.62). Response surface analysis revealed that when mothers, but not fathers, reported lower (versus higher) levels of hostility than adolescents in early adolescence, youth reported higher levels of depressive symptoms in emerging adulthood. The finding highlights the need for early adolescent interventions to address parent-child perceived parenting discrepancies when mothers reported less hostility than adolescents, given their lasting impact on youth depressive symptoms in U.S. families of Chinese origin
Neural representation of mixed feelings during real-time processing of negative words in pun-humor
No full textPeople commonly experience mixed feelings in everyday life. However, whether and to what extent mixed feelings represent a truly simultaneous experience of ambivalent emotional states remains elusive. This electroencephalogram (EEG) study aimed to investigate how mixed feelings blending amusement and negativity are dynamically experienced over time. Specifically, the neural representations of negativity and amusement were quantified during the real-time processing of negative words in pun-humor sentences. The results showed that, compared to non-humor and nonsensical sentences, pun-humor sentences with negative words received higher ratings of both amusement and negativity, indicating that such material can effectively elicit mixed feelings at the level of explicit behavior. Moreover, within the dynamic representation of mixed feelings, negativity was experienced first, whereas amusement was subsequently felt within a brief period, during which negativity was not offset but rather continued to be represented over a longer time span, resulting in the simultaneous presence of both amused and negative feelings. These findings revealed that mixed feelings can be dynamically experienced in the highly simultaneous pattern, offering insights into the genuine blend of conflicting emotional states at the level of neural representation.</p
Smile when life is stranded: Positive feedback promotes romantic couples' cooperation and neural synchrony
No full textEmotional communication is crucial for maintaining the romantic relationships of couples, particularly in situations of failed cooperation. However, little is known about how expressions of happiness and anger affect the subsequent behavioural performance of couples and their neural synchrony mechanisms in the context of cooperative failure. To address this, lover dyads were asked to perform a cooperative task with a high probability of failure while viewing their partner's happy or angry expressions as feedback. Meanwhile, neural activity was recorded via functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Results showed that happy expressions promote intraindividual emotional experience, emotional similarity, and cooperative performance more than do angry expressions, and such a facilitated effect was associated with higher interpersonal neural synchronization (INS) in the right Middle Frontal Gyrus (MFG) and lower INS at right Superior Frontal Gyrus (SFG). These findings can guide emotional communication strategies for couples in managing failures and promoting positive interactions.</p
Synthetic Dysarthric Speech: A Supplement, Not a Substitute for Authentic Data in Dysarthric Speech Recognition
No full textDysarthric speech recognition (DSR) is an emerging field that can enhance social interactions and mental health for individuals with dysarthria. However, the lack of sufficient Chinese dysarthric speech data and challenges like ambiguity and individual differences hinder performance improvements. Text-to-speech (TTS) technology is well-established in normal speech recognition and can also supplement dysarthric speech data. This study explores the impact of TTS-based Chinese dysarthric speech generation on DSR performance. Speaker-dependent experiments show that synthetic dysarthric speech alone does not effectively improve DSR performance. Through statistical analysis of acoustic features, we reveal the disparities between synthetic and authentic speech in dysarthria and highlight the limitations of synthetic data for DSR. These findings provide insights for future improvements in speech generation methods.</p
Psychosexual health's impact on non-suicidal self-injury of college students
No full textTo explore the correlation between Psychosexual Health development (APDS) and non-suicidal self-injury behaviors (NSSI) in adolescence, and investigate the mediating effects by adult attachment (AAS) and social supports (SSRS) between them. This study employs a missed design with quantitative pretests and tracing post-tests involving 1193 college students majoring in preschool and primary education. The participants are first-year (freshmen) and second-year students (sophmore), primarily women, at a higher vocational college in Shaanxi, utilizing APDS, AAS, SSRS and the NSSI questionnaires to evaluate the positive proportion of NSSI behaviors and obtained the ratio of 12.53% among normal individuals, and using SPSS Pearson relevant to analyse correlation of the variables and to test the mediating effect through Amos SEM equation model and Bootstrap method. Confirmed Psychosexual Health impacts on NSSI behaviors significantly, and the Chained mediating effect of AAS and SSRS between them. APDS can significantly negatively predict NSSI under the mediating effects of AAS and SSRS respectively, and insignificantly effect with the chained mediating effect of AAS and SSRS. Improving individual psychosexual health levels is conducive to developing secure adult attachment and promoting good social supports, with certain enlightening significance for decreasing and preventing NSSI behaviors among adolescents. We discussed future research directions based on our results, and revealed important significance timely intervening those with personality disorders and NSSI behaviors through carrying out psychosexual health education to cultivate their secure adult attachment and good social supports. In the meanwhile, to support individuals with psychological growth and group intervention on NSSI behaviors during adolescence, and put forward schools more effective educational guidance and methods of psychological health, by promoting their psychosexual health to enhance individual personality development and mental health levels. With anticipation to provide more scientific theoretical evidence and practical strategies for early educational guidance and group prevention measures in favor of implementing psychosexual health education to prevent NSSI behaviors timely among children and adolescents on campus
Neural variability reliably encodes interindividual differences in the perception of pain intensity
No full textNeural activity varies dramatically across time. While such neural variability has been associated with cognition, its relationship with pain remains largely unexplored. Here, we systematically investigated the relationship between neural variability and pain, particularly individual differences in pain intensity discriminability, in six large electroencephalography (EEG) datasets (total N = 633), where healthy volunteers (Datasets 1-5; N = 606) and postherpetic neuralgia patients (Dataset 6; N = 27) received painful or nonpainful sensory stimuli. We found robust correlations between neural variability and interindividual pain intensity discriminability. These correlations were replicable in multiple datasets and seemed not to be caused by stimulus-general factors, as no significant correlations were observed in nonpain modalities. Importantly, variability and amplitude of EEG responses were mutually independent and had distinct temporal and oscillatory profiles in encoding pain intensity discriminability. These findings demonstrate that neural variability is a replicable and potentially preferential indicator of individual differences in pain intensity discriminability, thereby enhancing the understanding of neural encoding of pain intensity discriminability and underscoring the value of neural variability in pain studies.</p
Problematic internet use, the behavioral activation system/behavioral inhibition system, and self-control in children and adolescents: A network analysis
No full textObjective: According to dual systems theory, excessive sensitivity to rewards and punishments, along with weakened self-control, contributes to the high prevalence of problematic internet use (PIU) among Chinese children and adolescents. This study investigates how these dual systems affect PIU and whether their relationships differ across age groups. Method: A sample of 4029 Chinese children (9-12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years) completed measures from the Behavioral Activation System/Behavioral Inhibition System Scales (BAS/BIS), the Brief Self-Control Scale (SCS) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT). We used t-tests and network analysis to examine both the age-related differences and the network structures. Results: Compared with children, adolescents presented increased scores for total BAS, BAS (drive), and IAT but lower scores for SCS total and SCS (impulse control). Network analysis revealed that both the overall network and the separate networks for the two age groups identified SCSi (impulse control) and IAT as central bridge nodes and the negative connection between SCSi (impulse control) and IAT as the strongest edge. Additionally, a comparison of the network structures between the two age groups revealed that the negative correlation between the SCSd (self-discipline) and BASf (fun seeking) scores was stronger in adolescents than in children. Conclusions: This study breaks through the dual-systems theory in a Chinese context by revealing the similarities and differences between the dual systems network and PIU among Chinese children and adolescents. Additionally, it highlights age-specific mechanisms, which can inform targeted interventions for internet dependence
A moderated-mediated model of family fat talk and eating disorder psychopathology among Chinese adolescents
No full textEating disorder psychopathology is common among Chinese adolescents, but whether and how it is associated with family fat talk is unknown. The present study tested a model linking family fat talk to eating disorder psychopathology through the indirect effects of body dissatisfaction and negative affect. The moderating role of gender in this model was also examined. Questionnaires were completed by 1,049 Chinese middle and high school students (574 girls; mean age = 15.12 years +/- 1.22 years). Frequency of family fat talk was positively and strongly associated with eating disorder psychopathology. As predicted, body dissatisfaction and negative affect mediated this association. The entire path model explained nearly 55 % of the variance. The path from family fat talk -* body dissatisfaction -* eating disorder psychopathology was significantly stronger for girls than boys. Findings of the present study highlight the importance of addressing family fat talk, body dissatisfaction, and emotion regulation ability in eating disorder prevention and interventions.</p
人们为什么讨厌“圣母人设”
No full text<正>在健康的人际关系中，善良是在保护好自己的同时，给别人适度的关心和支持。在影视剧、综艺节目和社交网络中，常常有一类人，他们像“圣母”一般，总是为他人着想，总是选择原谅，总是站在道德的制高点上。表面上，这些人无比高尚，但却常常引发观众或身边人的反感。为什么会这样？从心理学的角度看，这个现象并非偶然。下面就从人格特质和人际关系的角度，一起来拆解“圣母人设”的心理逻辑。</p
The exploration of using plasma biomarkers of p-tau217 and p-tau181 for screening Alzheimer's disease in very elderly people
No full textIntroduction: Blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD), such as phosphorylated tau (p-tau181, p-tau217) and amyloid beta (A beta), have the potential to serve as screening tools for probable AD in the elderly population. Methods: AD screening [Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)] was conducted among very elderly individuals residing in a nursing community and a geriatric hospital. Based on cognitive evaluation, participants were categorized into two groups: cognitively normal (n = 62) and probable AD (n = 78). Plasma concentrations of A beta 42, A beta 40, p-tau181, p-tau217, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured using the single molecule array (Simoa) platform. Group comparisons of plasma biomarker levels were performed, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were conducted for each biomarker relative to AD diagnosis. Results: Significant differences were observed in plasma p-tau181, p-tau217, and GFAP levels between the cognitively normal and probable AD groups (p < 0.01). In contrast, A beta 42, A beta 40, and the A beta 42/A beta 40 ratio showed no significant differences (p > 0.01). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was 0.886 for p-tau181, 0.655 for p-tau217, and 0.869 for GFAP. Discussion: Plasma biomarkers p-tau181, p-tau217, and GFAP demonstrate clinical utility in distinguishing AD from normal cognition, suggesting that blood-based testing may serve as a feasible screening tool for early identification of AD in very elderly populations.</p
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