Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Prevalence and risk factors for subclinical hypothyroidism in older patients with major depressive disorder
No full textBackground Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is highly correlated with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, the prevalence and risk factors for SCH in older patients with MDD have rarely been reported in China. Methods This cross-sectional study included 266 older MDD patients with SCH was performed. Clinical and anthropometric, biochemical, and thyroid function data were collected. Depression, anxiety, and psychotic symptoms were assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale, the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale positive subscale, respectively. Results Among older patients with MDD, the prevalence of SCH was 64.7% (172/266). Compared to patients without SCH, older MDD patients with SCH had a longer disease course and higher TSH, A-TG, A-TPO, HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, FPG, and systolic pressure levels (all P <= 0.002). Furthermore, disease progression (OR 1.082, 95% CI 1.020-1.147, P = 0.009), A-TG (OR 1.005, 95% CI 1.001-1.009, P = 0.017), TC (OR 2.024, 95% CI 1.213-3.377, P = 0.007), FPG (OR 2.916, 95% CI 1.637-5.194, P < 0.001), systolic pressure (OR 1.053, 95% CI 1.008-1.100, P = 0.022) were independently associated with SCH, in older patients with MDD. Conclusions Our findings suggest a high prevalence of SCH in older patients with MDD. Several demographic and clinical variables were independently associated with SCH in older patients with MDD.</p
Distinct mechanisms underlying cross-modal semantic conflict and response conflict processing
No full textInterference from task-irrelevant stimuli can occur during the semantic and response processing stages. Previous studies have shown both common and distinct mechanisms underlying semantic conflict processing and response conflict processing in the visual domain. However, it remains unclear whether common and/or distinct mechanisms are involved in semantic conflict processing and response conflict processing in the cross-modal domain. Therefore, the present electroencephalography study adopted an audiovisual 2-1 mapping Stroop task to investigate whether common and/or distinct mechanisms underlie semantic conflict and response conflict. Behaviorally, significant cross-modal semantic conflict and significant cross-modal response conflict were observed. Electroencephalography results revealed that the frontal N2 amplitude and theta power increased only in the semantic conflict condition, while the parietal N450 amplitude increased only in the response conflict condition. These findings indicated that distinct neural mechanisms were involved in cross-modal semantic conflict and response conflict processing, supporting the domain-specific cognitive control mechanisms from a cross-modal multistage conflict processing perspective
Distance Education Platform for Mental Health Courses in Secondary Vocational Schools Based on Cloud Computing
No full textIn order to solve the problem of the limited response ability of the remote client terminal of the distance education platform, this study proposed a cloud computation-based distance education platform for secondary vocational mental health courses. This method first establishes the hierarchical structure system of the education platform, optimizes the connection of typical functional modules and completes the design of the platform application architecture based on the established platform structure system, then completes the construction of OpenStack cloud environment based on the cloud computing service model, and finally configains the data center system based on the relevant mental health course information. Realize the application of various platform technologies. The experimental results show that the application of this platform can make the remote client terminal instantaneous response rate reach the maximum value within 20 min, which is 8.6Mb/s. The response speed and the client terminal instantaneous response rate are superior to the comparison method, which has certain application value.</p
Mediating effect of negative emtions on visual impairment and resilience among middle-aged and elderly populations
No full text目的 了解中老年人群负性情绪在视力问题与心理韧性间的中介效应，为改善中老年人群心理健康提供依据。方法 通过中国科学院心理研究所“玉树州居民身心健康状况调查”项目收集≥45岁调查对象的人口学信息和视力问题、负性情绪、心理韧性的评估资料；采用结构方程模型分析负性情绪在视力问题与心理韧性间的中介作用。结果 收集2 997人资料，其中男性1 320人，占44.04%；女性1 677人，占55.96%；年龄M (QR)为50.00 (47.00)岁；文盲1 627人，占54.29%；已婚2 780人，占92.76%。视力问题评分为（6.79±2.59）分，负性情绪评分为（6.35±3.05）分，心理韧性评分为（33.38±10.41）分。结构方程模型分析结果显示，控制年龄、性别、文化程度和婚姻状况等因素，视力问题对心理韧性具有直接负向影响，直接效应为-0.157 (95%CI:-0.177～-0.137)；也可通过负性情绪间接负向影响中老年人的心理韧性，中介效应为-0.112 (95%CI:-0.126～-0.104)，中介效应对总效应的贡献率为41.64%。结论 中老年人视力问题可直接降低心理韧性，也可通过负性情绪的中介作用间接降低心理韧性。</p
Social network site use and materialistic values: the roles of self-control and self-acceptance
No full textBackgroundWhile prior studies have established a close association between the use of social network sites (SNSs) and materialistic values, there is limited understanding of the mediating and moderating mechanisms related to important self-related processes, such as self-control and self-acceptance. This paper explores whether and how these factors play a role in comprehending online behavior. One could state that frequent SNS use may pose a risk of virtual addiction, may be related to decreased self-control capacity, and may increase attention to material information on SNS, thereby making it more likely that users affiliate with behaviors associated with materialistic values. In contrast, self-acceptance, as a stable self-process indicating a genuine alignment with one's true self and the ability to make decisions based on inner needs, may be related with reduced engagement in complex information on SNSs. Consequently, this could serve as a buffer against excessive SNS use and its potential associations with issues of self-control and materialistic values.MethodsA total of 706 Chinese college students were surveyed in a cross-sectional study. They completed self-report questionnaires including the WeChat use intensity scale, the Material Value Scale, the Trait Self-control Scale, and the Self-acceptance Questionnaire. A moderated mediation model was examined to test predictions.ResultsSNS use intensity was positively associated with materialistic values, and self-control partially mediated this association. That is, higher intensity SNS users are more likely lower in self-control, which relates to stronger materialistic values. In addition, the indirect effect through self-control was moderated by self-acceptance, such that this indirect effect was significant only for individuals with low levels of self-acceptance.ConclusionsThis study reveals that self-acceptance may be a protective factor that helps to mitigate excessive SNS use and its potential effects on self-control and materialistic values. It further suggests that psychological interventions targeting the enhancement of self-acceptance and self-control could hold promise in alleviating the negative association between SNS use and materialistic values.</p
The emergence of COVID-19 over-concern immediately after the cancelation of the measures adopted by the dynamic zero-COVID policy in China
No full textBackground: This study aimed to report the prevalence of COVID-19 over-concern and its associated factors after the relaxation of the health-protective measures in China. Methods: A team of seven experts in psychiatry and psychology specializing in COVID-19 mental health research from China, Hong Kong, and overseas reached a consensus on the diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 over-concern. Individuals had to meet at least five of the following criteria: (1) at least five physical symptoms; (2) stocking up at least five items related to protecting oneself during the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) obsessive-compulsive symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic; (4) illness anxiety related to the COVID-19 pandemic; (5) post-traumatic stress symptoms; (6) depression; (7) anxiety; (8) stress and (9) insomnia. An online survey using snowball sampling collected data on demographics, medical history, views on COVID-19 policies, and symptoms of COVID-19 over-concern. Multivariate linear regression was performed using significant variables from the previous regressions as independent variables against the presence of COVID-19 over-concern as the dependent variable. Breush-Pagan test was used to assess each regression model for heteroskedasticity of residuals. Results: 1,332 respondents from 31 regions in China participated in the study for 2 weeks from December 25 to 27, 2022, after major changes in the zero-COVID policy. After canceling measures associated with the dynamic zero-COVID policy, 21.2% of respondents fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 over-concern. Factors significantly associated with COVID-19 over-concern were poor self-rated health status (beta = 0.07, p < 0.001), concerns about family members getting COVID-19 (beta = 0.06, p < 0.001), perceived usefulness of COVID-19 vaccine (beta = 0.03, p = 0.012), impact on incomes, employment and studies (beta = 0.045, p < 0.001) and impact on families (beta = 0.03, p = 0.01). Conclusion: After removing measures associated with the dynamic zero-COVID policy in China, approximately one-fifth of respondents met the diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 over-concern.</p
A dataset of behavioral measures on Chinese word production in picture naming
No full textMost studies of language production have been conducted with speakers of alphabetic languages, but relatively little research has examined languages with non-alphabetic scripts, such as Chinese. Moreover, most work on language word production has investigated phonological output processing (i.e., speaking), whereas comparatively little research has focused on orthographic output, such as writing and typing. Work on non-alphabetic languages and/or written production is particularly promising, given that it speaks to universalities vs. specificity in terms of architectures and mechanisms underlying language processing across all world languages and modalities. The current article reports a dataset of word production in Chinese with spoken and written responses, which includes reaction times of 193,851 trials of naming 403 pictures obtained from 667 participants across 23 Chinese word production experiments. All data were collected in the same experimental environment and from participants with relatively homogenous characteristics, using the same protocols and parameters. The dataset enables researchers to explore how Chinese speakers produce spoken and/or written words, and to identify language-specific features underlying word production.</p
Categories of Training to Improve Empathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
No full textDue to the vital role of empathy in promoting prosocial behaviors and nurturing social bonds, there is a growing interest in cultivating empathy. Yet, the effectiveness of existing training methods on empathy, especially on different dimensions of empathy (i.e., affective, cognitive, motivational, and behavioral empathy), varies tremendously, and the underlying causes for this heterogeneity remain insufficiently explored. To address this issue, we categorized various training methods into three distinct approaches based on the premise that empathy can be influenced by factors associated with the subject, the object, and their relationship. Respectively, these are Subject-Oriented, Object-Oriented, and Socially Oriented approaches. To examine the effects of training and sustainability of these approaches on different dimensions of empathy, we conducted a meta-analysis encompassing 110 eligible studies with 32, 44, 39, 39, and 91 samples for affective, cognitive, motivational, behavioral, and composite empathy, respectively. Results showed that trainings produced small and unsustainable effects on affective empathy, moderate and unsustainable effects on cognitive empathy, small and sustainable effects on motivational empathy, and moderate and sustainable effects on behavioral empathy. The effects of training on composite empathy were robust but decreased over time. Among the three training approaches, Socially Oriented approaches were the most effective in improving all dimensions of empathy. Subject-Oriented and Object-Oriented approaches were effective only in improving cognitive and composite empathy. Altogether, our study offers practical guidance for selecting appropriate training approaches and proposes theoretical principles for developing optimal training strategies in both basic research and clinical applications.</p
The effects of an eight-week mindfulness training on mood in a Chinese urban sample seeking stress reduction: the chain mediating role of mindfulness and rumination
No full textObjective This study aims to investigate the efficacy of an eight-week mindfulness training intervention on improving mood among a Chinese urban sample seeking stress reduction and to explore the potential mediating effect of mindfulness and rumination. Method Fifty-seven participants were recruited and randomly assigned to either the mindfulness training group or a waitlist control group. The mindfulness training group received an eight-week mindfulness intervention, while the waitlist control group received no intervention during this period. The Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Brief Profile of Mood States (BPOMS), and the Ruminative Response Scale (RRS) were assessed at both pre- and post-test. Results The final analysis included 52 participants (24 in the mindfulness training group and 28 in the waitlist control group). Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that, compared with the control group, participants who received mindfulness training showed significant improvements in their FFMQ Total Score (p < .01), Observing score (p < .05), and Non-reactivity score (p < .01); BPOMS Total Score (p < .01), Depression-dejection (p < .01), Anger-hostility (p < .01), and Tension-anxiety (p < .05); as well as RRS Total Score, Symptom Rumination, and Reflective Pondering (all p < .05). Mediation analysis of mindfulness training intervention on negative mood revealed a significant chain mediating effect of improvements in mindfulness and reductions in maladaptive rumination (95% CI = [0.0022, 0.2459], excluding 0). Conclusion Mindfulness training can effectively improve the negative mood of urban populations facing stress through the mechanism of enhancing mindfulness and reducing rumination.</p
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