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The effect of the active carbonyl groups and residual acid on the ammonia adsorption over the acid-modified activated carbon
No full textSynergetic interaction of capsid proteins for virus-like particles assembly of foot-and-mouth disease virus (serotype O) from the inclusion bodies
No full textRecombinant virus-like particles (VLP) with single capsid protein have been successfully produced through prokaryotic system, but for those with multiple capsid proteins such as the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), this approach is more challenging. In this study, in vitro assembly of FMDV VLP was investigated with its capsids VP1, VP2 and VP3 separately expressed as inclusion bodies. After extraction and solubilization, three capsids were purified in denatured state through a flow-through model, increasing its purity to 90%. VLP assembly for FMDV was observed after diluting the mixture of denatured capsids in the ration of 1: 1: 1, while no VLP appeared if the separately diluted and refolded capsids were co-incubated. This result suggests certain synergetic interactions exist among the three capsids, which are crucial for FMDV VLP assembly. Sodium chloride and capsid protein concentration both greatly affect the assembling efficiency. After purification through size exclusion chromatography, VLP with similar diameter and morphology as inactivated FMDV were obtained, which elicited high IgG titers and B cell activation when vaccinated in mouse. It could also induce specific humoral and cellular immune responses in splenocytes proliferative experiments. Our study demonstrated the feasibility of in vitro assembling FMDV VLP from inclusion bodies of VP1, VP2 and VP3 for the first time
Open Fund of Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths[E03MYB0305]
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Engineered NanoAlum from aluminum turns cold tumor hot for potentiating cancer metalloimmunotherapy
No full textThe poor cancer immunotherapy outcome has been closely related to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), which usually inactivates the antitumor immune cells and leads to immune tolerance. Metalloimmunotherapy by supplementing nutritional metal ions into TME has emerged as a potential strategy to activate the tumor-resident immune cells. Herein, we engineered a magnesium-contained nano-aluminum adjuvant (NanoAlum) through hydrolyzing a mixture of Mg(OH)2 and Al(OH)3, which has highly similar components to commercial Imject Alum. Peritumoral injection of NanoAlum effectively neutralized the acidic TME while releasing Mg2+ to activate the tumor-resident T cells. Meanwhile, NanoAlum also blocked the autophagy pathway in tumor cells and subsequently induced cell apoptosis. The in vivo studies showed that merely peritumoral injection of NanoAlum successfully inhibited the growth of solid tumors in mice. On this basis, NanoAlum combined with chemical drug methotrexate or immunomodulatory adjuvant CpG further induced potent antigen-specific antitumor immunity. Overall, our study first provides a rational design for engineering tumortargeted nanomodulator from clinical adjuvants to achieve effective cancer metalloimmunotherapy against solid tumors
