Institutional Repository of Chengdu Institute of Biology, CAS
Not a member yet
6513 research outputs found
Sort by
Predicting the potential distribution of the endangered red panda across its entire range using MaxEnt modeling
No full textAn upsurge in anthropogenic impacts has hastened the decline of the red panda (Ailurus fulgens). The red panda is a global conservation icon, but holistic conservation management has been hampered by research being restricted to certain locations and population clusters. Building a comprehensive potential habitat map for the red panda is imperative to advance the conservation effort and ensure coordinated management across international boundaries. Here, we use occurrence records of both subspecies of red pandas from across their entire range to build a habitat model using the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt 3.3.3k) and the least correlated bioclimatic variables. We found that the subspecies have separate climatic spaces dominated by temperature-associated variables in the eastern geographic distribution limit and precipitation-associated variables in the western distribution limit. Annual precipitation (BIO12) and maximum temperature in the warmest months (BIO5) were major predictors of habitat suitability for A. f. fulgens and A. f. styani, respectively. Our model predicted 134,975 km(2) of red panda habitat based on 10 percentile thresholds in China (62% of total predicted habitat), Nepal (15%), Myanmar (9%), Bhutan (9%), and India (5%). Existing protected areas (PAs) encompass 28% of red panda habitat, meaning the PA network is currently insufficient and alternative conservation mechanisms are needed to protect the habitat. Bhutan's PAs provide good coverage for the red panda habitat. Furthermore, large areas of habitat were predicted in cross-broader areas, and transboundary conservation will be necessary
Gap thinning improves soil water content, changes the vertical water distribution, and decreases the fluctuation
No full textAlthough it is clear that gap thinning significantly increases the soil water content (SWC) of the topsoil, less is known about whether and how this treatment affects deeper layers. From December 2008 to April 2012, we monitored the SWC at depths of 10, 20, 30, 45, 60, and 90 cm in gap creation treatments (small gap size of 30 m(2), intermediate gap size of 80 m(2), and unthinned plots) in a typical pine plantation in the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Among gap treatments, differences in SWC and its coefficient of variation (CV) at each depth and the soil water content proportion (SWCP) of the whole soil profile at specific depths were compared. Gap thinning improved SWC and decreased the CV at each depth. The SWCPs in thinned plots were lower at depths from 10 to 30 cm compared with unthinned plots but higher at depths of 45 and 60 cm. Also, in each season, the patterns were similar to the general results. In conclusion, gap thinning improves the SWC, changes the vertical soil water distribution, and decreases the SWC heterogeneity. The soil water conditions in intermediate gaps are more appropriate for local forest restoration
Extinct, obscure or imaginary: The lizard species with the smallest ranges
No full textAim: Small geographic ranges make species especially prone to extinction from anthropogenic disturbances or natural stochastic events. We assemble and analyse a comprehensive dataset of all the world's lizard species and identify the species with the smallest ranges-those known only from their type localities. We compare them to wide-ranging species to infer whether specific geographic regions or biological traits predispose species to have small ranges. Location: Global. Methods: We extensively surveyed museum collections, the primary literature and our own field records to identify all the species of lizards with a maximum linear geographic extent of < 10 km. We compared their biogeography, key biological traits and threat status to those of all other lizards. Results: One in seven lizards (927 of the 6,568 currently recognized species) are known only from their type localities. These include 213 species known only from a single specimen. Compared to more wide-ranging taxa, they mostly inhabit relatively inaccessible regions at lower, mostly tropical, latitudes. Surprisingly, we found that burrowing lifestyle is a relatively unimportant driver of small range size. Geckos are especially prone to having tiny ranges, and skinks dominate lists of such species not seen for over 50 years, as well as of species known only from their holotype. Two-thirds of these species have no IUCN assessments, and at least 20 are extinct. Main conclusions: Fourteen per cent of lizard diversity is restricted to a single location, often in inaccessible regions. These species are elusive, usually poorly known and little studied. Many face severe extinction risk, but current knowledge is inadequate to properly assess this for all of them. We recommend that such species become the focus of taxonomic, ecological and survey efforts
Duckweed systems for eutrophic water purification through converting wastewater nutrients to high-starch biomass: comparative evaluation of three different genera (Spirodela polyrhiza, Lemna minor and Landoltia punctata) in monoculture or polyculture
No full textThe polyculture of different duckweed species is likely to integrate their advantages in removing pollutants and starch accumulation. Here, pilot-scale comparisons of three duckweed species (Spirodela polyrhiza K1, Lemna minor K2 and Landoltia punctata K3) in monoculture and polyculture were investigated. Results showed that the TN (total nitrogen) and TP (total phosphorus) in wastewater decreased from 6.0 and 0.56 mg L-1 to below 0.5 and 0.1 mg L-1, respectively. Namely, the water quality improved to Grade II under the Chinese standard. The highest TN and TP removal efficiencies were found to be 99.1% and 90.8% in the polyculture. Besides, the starch content of S. polyrhiza K1, L. minor K2, L. punctata K3 and the polyculture reached 24.8%, 32.3%, 39.3% and 36.3%, respectively. Accordingly, their average starch accumulation rates were 1.65, 2.15, 3.11 and 2.72 g m(-2) d(-1), respectively. Our results suggested that L. punctata K3 was a promising energy feedstock due to it having the highest starch production. The advantages of different duckweed species were investigated. In the polyculture, the pollutants were efficiently removed from wastewater, with a high starch accumulation. This study supplies a new insight into the application of duckweed in eutrophic water advanced treatment coupled with starch production
Assessing the potential of different nano-composite (MgO, Al2O3-CaO and TiO2) for efficient conversion of Silybum eburneum seed oil to liquid biodiesel
No full textThis study investigated the potential of nano-composite MgO, Al2O3-CaO and TiO2 for efficient conversion of novel non edible seed oil of Silybum eburneum into liquid biodiesel. Silybum eburneum contains oil contents (37.7%) and low free fatty acid (FAA) value (0.16 mg KOH/g). The synthesized heterogeneous nano-catalysts were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques. The highest conversion efficiency was achieved (91% biodiesel yield) using MgO catalyst followed by Al2O3-CaO and TiO2 at 0.1% catalysts loading. The optimized experimental variables comprised of molar ratio (1:3), temperature (70 degrees C), reaction time (3 h.) and stirring rate (600 rpm) using reflux transesterification route. The XRD analysis showed the sizes of the crystal lattices with a sequence of 13 nm for MgO, 29 nm for Al2O3-CaO and 37 nm for TiO2 which reveals that smaller the size of the crystal structure, higher will be the conversion efficiency. The SEM of MgO showed exclusively porous lamellar like smooth surface highly agglomerated with nano entities with a particle size of 50 +/- 10 nm length or width and about 20 nm thickness. SEM images of Al2O3-CaO nano-particles showed the size range from 27 nm to 75 nm having irregular morphology including spherical as well as rod shape with smooth surface and different size. The diameter of the microsphere calculated was about 26 mu m. SEM for TiO2 demonstrated that the average size was from 68.7 nm to 87.3 nm with interring particle dimension. The shape was proved to be sponge-like with spherical nano-holes. The FT-IR and EDX analysis of the catalyst also supported the study results. Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GCMS), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance NMR and FT-IR results confirmed the conversion efficiency of applying nano-catalysts. The results observed a novel finding that the conversion efficiency may increase with reducing the size and increasing the surface area of the nano-heterogeneous catalysts. The prepared composites are cheaper and can be applied for industrial scale production of biomass energy making it more cost effective and economically feasible. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Pollen morphology and its taxonomic significance for Desmodium Desv. in China
No full text目前对国产山蚂蝗属植物花粉形态的报道尚不系统,仅限于部分地区的少数种类.为向国产山蚂蝗属类群的分类学修订及系统关系探讨提供佐证,选取3亚属7组17种国产山蚂蝗属植物花粉,利用电镜扫描进行系统观察和比较分析.结果表明,本属花粉粒为单分体,单粒花粉球形、近长球形或长球形,具三孔沟.花粉粒外壁具网状,皱波状纹饰.根据花粉外壁纹饰对供试样品进行分类得到7个分类群,与宏观的形态差异有一定的对应性.测量和计算得到极轴长(P)、花粉沟长/极轴长(C/P)、花粉沟长/沟中部宽以及极轴长/赤道轴长(P/E)4个定量花粉形态数据,将编码后的纹饰分类结果与定量结果联合进行聚类分析,得到4个分类群,部分分类结果与宏观形态学分类吻合.对山蚂蝗属植物孢粉学性状的研究结果对其属下分类具有一定的参考和指导意义
Mapping the trends and knowledge of research using the SWAT model of agricultural non-point source pollution
No full text农业非点源污染已成为全球重要的环境问题,模型是当前非点源污染研究的核心内容.为全面了解农业非点源污染SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)模型研究概况,并获得学科发展趋势、研究力量与研究热点,利用引文分析工具进行数据挖掘与科学知识图谱呈现.自1994年第1篇SWAT模型研究论文发表以来,论文数量呈逐年上升趋势:美国处于绝对领先的地位;中国发文量407篇,排名第2位,其中中国科学院与北京师范大学研究表现突出.研究热点主要集中在SWAT模型特点、模型演化、运算法则以及在农业非点源污染方面的应用.SWAT模型应用于国外各大流域以及我国众多流域研究.SWAT模型在农业非点源污染、泥沙产量、农药输移等方面研究得到了大量应用.未来我国应积极开展SWAT模型基础研究,并开发出适用于我国各地河流水域特点的组件,为流域管理与污染控制提供有效决策支撑与科学依据
Morphology of Dorsolateral Fold in Ranids (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae)
No full text背侧褶是无尾两栖类的重要形态特征,但对于其组织结构和功能缺乏了解.本文运用组织学技术,H.E、AB-PAS和Masson三色三种染色方法对蛙科4属的代表物种滇蛙(Dianrana pleuraden)、阔褶蛙(Sylvirana latouchii)、仙琴蛙(Nidirana daunchina)、沼蛙(Boulengerana guentheri)背侧褶和背部皮肤的显微结构进行了系统的比较研究.结果发现:1)蛙科物种的皮肤腺体单元丰富多样,由黏液腺和颗粒腺组成.其黏液腺均为普通黏液腺,按照其分泌物及分泌细胞形态将黏液腺分为Ⅰ型黏液腺和Ⅱ型黏液腺.Ⅰ型黏液腺在沼蛙和仙琴蛙中缺失,Ⅱ型普遍分布.颗粒腺分Ⅰ型颗粒腺、Ⅱ型颗粒腺及特化颗粒腺,Ⅱ型颗粒腺仅见于仙琴蛙,特化颗粒腺仅见于阔褶蛙和沼蛙的背侧褶;2)滇蛙与仙琴蛙背侧褶基本结构与其背部常规皮肤一致,且两种皮肤结构组成也较为相似,在真皮层下都有一层较厚的脂肪层,滇蛙脂肪层厚度约为真皮层厚度的1.52倍,仙琴蛙脂肪层厚度约为真皮层的1.60倍;阔褶蛙与沼蛙背侧褶基本结构也与其常规皮肤一致,且背侧褶结构组成也较为相似,阔褶蛙及沼蛙真皮层内具有单层排列、集中分布的大型特化颗粒腺,其分泌物为两种颗粒物的混合物.3)蛙科中两种背侧褶结构类型代表了两个进化方向,其功能分别为能量储存和反捕,推测其与环境适应进化相关
A Method of Matching Names of Chang'e Ⅱ CCD Image
No full text针对嫦娥二号CCD影像的特点,提出了一种基于拉普拉斯算子与图像灰度的嫦娥二号CCD影像同名点匹配方法,解决了月表影像由于其特殊性而存在的匹配难度大问题,为月球影像同名点匹配提供了一种可靠的技术方案
Chirixalus doriae Found in Xuwen, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province
No full text2017年10月,在广东省湛江市徐闻县采集到6只成年雄性背条跳树蛙(Chirixalus doriae,标本号XW171001~ XW171006),为广东省两栖动物分布新记录种。背条跳树蛙此前仅报道发现于云南省和海南省,此发现有助于进一步认识背条跳树蛙的地理分布格局及演化历史