21112 research outputs found
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Economics of climate adaptation for resilient food systems in Africa
No full textPRIFPRI4; ReSAKSSDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
What might be at stake? El Niño, global price shocks and food security in Nepal
No full textOver the past decades, climate change has brought about numerous detrimental consequences for agricultural production in many countries, posing a substantial challenge to the economic well being of farmers while affecting national and international economies. Meteorological data specifically indicates that extreme weather events are occurring with unprecedented frequencies, intensities, and durations. This includes events associated with variations in the El Niño – Southern Oscillation of ocean currents, such as unusually dry weather in June through August in Nepal and other parts of South Asia. For example, during the El Niño year of 1992, a particularly severe drought occurred in Nepal, contributing in part to a 17.7 percent fall in rice production relative to the prior trend. Current indications are that another El Niño – related drought may already be underway in 2023 and into 2024. With the extreme weather events, global economies have experienced a number of recent shocks – for example those associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and conflicts in countries such as the Ukraine and Russia that are important exporters of agricultural inputs and goods. As such, this research note explores the implications of a range of agricultural productivity shocks including but not limited to those resulting from a possible El Niño-related drought in 2023 and extending into early 2024 (coinciding with the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons).Non-PRIFPRI1; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; CSISAForesight and Policy Modeling (FPM); Transformation Strategies; Development Strategies and Governance (DSG
“I had to bear this burden”: Youth transcending constraints to become farmers in Madhya Pradesh, India
No full textIn the context of a wider trend in India of young people’s reluctance to pursue farming as an occupation, the experience of young farmers in Madhya Pradesh provides evidence to the contrary. This case study of two districts in Madhya Pradesh suggests that several young farmers, given a choice, would rather engage in agriculture as a full-time activity. In this, the main barriers for young farmers are in the form of larger constraints such as water availability, the quality of land, and these farmers’ limited ability to expand farm size through land purchase. To be sure, several young farmers feel stuck in agriculture and are waiting to find off-farm jobs. Even for this group of farmers, however, agriculture seems to provide a fallback option, in a context where these off-farm jobs are difficult to obtain and often are of poor quality. As in many other contexts, significant differences exist between young men and women in terms of their aspirations to become farmers and their ability to fulfill these aspirations.PRIFPRI4; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural EconomiesDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
Ten new insights in climate science 2023/2024
No full textPRIFPRI3; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; Cross-cutting gender themeNatural Resources and Resilience (NRR); Transformation Strategie
Barriers to appropriate complementary feeding and the use of ultra‐processed foods: A formative qualitative study from rural Oromia, Ethiopia
No full textChildren's consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is increasing in Ethiopia, but relatively little is known about the specific feeding practices that underlie this pattern. The objective of this study was to explore patterns of consumption of UPF by infants and young children within a broader context of inappropriate complementary feeding practices in extremely poor households in rural Oromia, Eastern Ethiopia. A formative qualitative study was conducted using semistructured interview questionnaires developed drawing on a socioecological model. A total of 16 focus group discussions with mothers (45 respondents), fathers (21 respondents) and grandmothers (23 respondents) of children aged 6–23 months in households that were beneficiaries of the Productive Safety Net Program were conducted, along with four key informant interviews with health workers. Qualitative transcripts were complemented with field notes before qualitative content analysis was applied. The key findings suggest that UPF were widely provided to infants and young children as part of a pattern of suboptimal complementary feeding, including both early and late initiation of complementary foods. In particular, UPF (including juice, biscuits and lipid-based nutrient supplements) were diluted with or dissolved in water and fed to infants via bottle, often before the recommended age of initiation of 6 months. Mothers and caregivers reported that they perceived the products to be affordably priced and packaged, ready to use and convenient given their time constraints. The level of consumption of UPF and its effects on infant and young child feeding feeding practices and children's nutritional status in rural Ethiopia should be further explored.PRIFPRI3; DCA; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for all; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; ISI; IFPRIOA; SPIRPoverty, Gender, and Inclusion (PGI); Food and Nutrition Polic
The impacts of cash transfers on mental health and investments: Experimental evidence from Mali
No full textStress and cognitive burden associated with poverty constrain decision- making regarding investments in the future, which can in turn perpetuate poverty. We exploit the randomized roll-out of Mali's national cash transfer program to estimate its impact on measures of psychological and emotional well-being, time preferences, and cognitive function among households’ primary decision-makers. We find that receiving transfers reduced decision-makers’ self-reported stress and worry, as well as improved their self-esteem. The program did not affect measures of cognitive function but led to a modest increase in a measure of patience. Consistent with reduced stress, improved self-esteem, and increased patience, the program also increased investments in productive assets. Results suggest that, in addition to cash transfers providing the economic resources to support investments in the future, they may also build psycho-social well-being for supporting these investments.PRIFPRI3; ISI; CRP2; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 5 Strengthening Institutions and GovernancePoverty, Gender, and Inclusion (PGI); Food and Nutrition Policy; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
Small fish consumption in rural Myanmar
No full textPRIFPRI3; ISI; 2 Promoting Healthy Diets and Nutrition for allDevelopment Strategies and Governance (DSG); Transformation Strategie
The Doha Round: Virtuous circle or infinite loop?
No full textThis chapter aims to provide a narrative of the 15 years of the Doha Round negotiations and to quantitatively illustrate how these negotiations have tried to reach a compromise regarding the market access pillar of the agricultural talks.PRIFPRI1; A Ensuring Sustainable food production; C Improving markets and trade; D Transforming Agriculture; CRP2MTID; PIMCGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM
The effects of widespread adoption of climate-smart agriculture in Africa south of the Sahara under changing climate regimes
No full textChapter 3 shows the benefits of CSA adoption but also its limits when the approach is interpreted in a restrictive way and applied only to crop production.PRIFPRI1; ReSAKSS; IFPRI4; CRP7; A Ensuring Sustainable food production; E Building ResilienceWCAO; EPTDCGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS
2014 Social Accounting Matrix for Malawi: A Nexus Project SAM
No full textThe purpose of this paper is used to document the different steps followed to construct the 2010/11 Social Accounting Matrix for Ethiopia. The SAM is an extension of the Standard Nexus Structure. It consists of 63 activity sectors, 67 commodity sectors, three types of factors of production: labor (rural and urban disaggregated by level of education), land, and capital (disaggregated by crops, livestock, mining and other sectors). The household sector is divided spatially into urban and rural households. Rural households are further disaggregated into households that earn crop and/or livestock incomes (i.e., farm households) and those that do no earn incomes from either source (i.e., nonfarm households). Households are further disaggregated into per capita expenditure quintiles. This SAM allows analyzing issues at the detailed level and to better understand the potential impacts of policy changes for both better off and more vulnerable households.Non-PRCRP2; IFPRI1; Open Access; SAM; Nexus; Nexus SAMsDSGD; PIM;CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM