Hungarian Veterinary Archive
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Effects of hypophysis adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide on female cycle and embryo development in mice - preliminary results
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Background: Due to the antiapoptotic effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its widespread presence in the organ system, PACAP is considered as a general cytoprotective peptide. The peptide was found in the gonads in high levels, what drew attention to that the peptide might play a central role in reproduction.objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of the endogen peptide on embryo development and quality compared with PACAP KO mice. Moreover, the authors examine the role of the PACAP to the production of progesterone and oestradiol (with radioimmunoassay) in females and to the quality of the semen in male mice.Materials and methods: PACAP-producing (wild type) and KO CD1 mice were examined through the experiments. Zygotes produced by natural mating were obtained from donor superovulated females 5-6 hours after copulation. Embryos were cultured for 96 hours in vitro and developmental state, cell number and micronuclei rate were assessed. Faeces were collected for 3 weeks from 10 mice (5 KO and 5 wild type) and oestradiol and progesterone levels were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results and discussion: Higher blastomere number was found in PACAP KO embryos than in wild ones (p = 0,0022). However, the advanced PACAP KO embry-os have significantly higher micronucleus rate compared to advanced wild type embryos (p = 0,01). Although oestradiol peak levels did not differ significantly, PACAP-KO mice showed higher concentrations as in the case of progesterone. Due to their data, further experiments will be carried out
Neutering of dogs and cats using LigaSure device
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Background: The most common surgical procedures in small animals are neutering surgeries. Electrosurgical tissue-sealing can reduce blood loss, duration of surgery and anaesthesia, and thereby complication rate.objectives: This study was written to introduce a neutering method using LigaSure tissue-sealing device (Medtronic, Boulder, CO). Tissue-sealing by LigaSure is an acknowledged technique which has been used since 1998 in human surgery. It is different from conventional coagulating systems that can cause uncontrollable heat production and tissue carbonization. LigaSure generates structural changes in collagen in tissues treated resulting in safe and permanent sealing of vessel walls. The LigaSure system detects the impedance of tis-sues treated, applies adequate level of energy and also controls time of delivery. An acoustic signal informs the surgeon when the vessel has been sealed and optional manual division is safe. The sealing system has minimal thermal effect on surrounding tissues.Materials and Methods: In this study 68 dogs and cats have been neutered between 2015 and 2017. 30 animals underwent traditional neutering method using ligatures and 38 animals underwent electrosurgical neutering method using LigaSure device with Small Jaw or Impact handpieces. Duration of procedures, intraoperative bleeding and postoperative complication rates have been evaluated in both groups.Results and Discussion: Tissue-sealing was significantly quicker (p<0,0001) than ligating vessels manually. Ovariectomy was 9.70 (18.57, 28.27) minutes shorter in dogs and 5.16 (7.73, 12.89) minutes shorter in cats. Ovariohysterectomy was 14.92 (25.88, 40.80) minutes shorter in dogs and 9.07 (10.83, 19.90) minutes shorter in cats. Castration of male dogs was 3.91 (4.19, 8.10) minutes shorter using LigaSure. None of the patients had noticeable bleeding or postoperative complications
Endometrial biopsy sampling and interpretation of the findings in the diagnosis of subfertile mares in veterinary practice - Literature review Part 2.
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Background: Non-pregnant, subfertile broodmares cause a significant expense in horse breeding. Beyond the routine physical and sonographic examination, advanced techniques are available for diagnosing subfertility (microbiology, endometrial biopsy) in mares. For detecting inflammatory and degenerative changes of the endometrium, histopathologic studies have been investigated the possible causes of sub/infertility. Objectives: The aim of the authors was to summarize the available information about the usefulness of endometrial biopsy sampling in mares in connection with barrenness. Furthermore, a special attention has been paid to the recently discovered investments in the diagnosis of endometrial problems in the mare.Material and method: Review and study papers have been summarized with the aim of scientific databases (www.sciencedirect.com; www.pubmed.com)from 1978 until 2017. The following keywords have been used: endometrial biopsy, mare, barren mares, endometritis, endometrosis (endometriosis), fibrosis.Results and discussion: According to our experience and the available veterinary literature, in case of infertility/subfertility of broodmares of high value, the use of advanced examination techniques is suggested in order to detect subclinical diseases; however, a single examination is not sufficiently enough to estimate the fertility of a broodmare
Metagenomics – a new approach to study our microbial neighbours
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Background: In our age, the information society, the computer based technologies, including the data analytical procedures are parts of each site of the life. Bioinformatics provides approaches for the knowledge gathering and update which were not imaginable two decades ago. Metagenomics is the area of bioinformatics which helps improve our knowledge about the composition of microbial species in the production or companion animals, human being or environment.
Objectives: The present work describes the main steps of a metagenomics analysis. As an example, the metagenomics investigation of swine dysentery as an important animal disease is shown.
Materials and methods: From three clinically diseased fattening pigs intestinal contents were sampled from three different sections of the gut (i.e. caecum, colon and rectum). All DNA was extracted from the samples, thereafter sequenced by next generation sequencing technology. The produced 1,782,466 reads were pooled and analysed. The reads were aligned to archea, bacteria and virus genome databases by the Kraken bioinformatics tool. The results of the alignments were visualized by the tool Krona.
Results and Discussion: The presented case study helps the reader understand how metagenomics studies work and provide new professional knowledge on the microbiome of selected organs in different creatures. The proportions of the different taxa allow to have an insight to the microbial communities of the gut in the diseased animals. Beside this, a short review is presented to demonstrate the application possibilities of metagenomics in the field of animal health. Bioinformatics is an emerging area and it is very important to have knowledge –clinicians and researchers as well – about the methods, their possible results and the limitations. This work provides a simple introduction to metagenomics in the language of veterinarians
Az intrasclerális protézis implantációjával szerzett hazai tapasztalatok retrospektív elemzése 2011 és 2018 közötti időszakból
No full textThis retrospective study aims to sum up of intrascleral prosthesis surgeries have been made between 2011 and 2018 at the University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, in The Department and Clinic of Surgery and Ophthalmology
The market opportunities for specialisation in the hungarian small animal practices
No full textMagyarországon az állattartók körében megnőtt a kereslet a minőségi betegellátásra, amit igényes, jól felszerelt kisállat praxisok nyújthatnak. A fejlesztések, beruházások nagy anyagi ráfordítást jelentenek, ezen kívül minden szakterület eszközigénye más. A specializálódás szakmailag nagy kihívás, így elkerülhetetlen az állatorvosok továbbképzése. Ezek alapján nyilvánvaló, hogy egyetlen magánrendelő sem képes a magas szintű ellátás kívánalmaknak minden szakterületen megfelelni. Kutatásom célja, hogy megtudjam, bár sok érv szól a szakosodás mellett, vajon megvannak-e ennek a piaci feltételei Magyarországon. A felmérésem során egy állatorvosoknak és egy állattulajdonosoknak készített kérdőív segítségével kerestem a választ a szakosodással kapcsolatos kérdésekre