Hungarian Veterinary Archive
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Possible connection between paratuberculosis in cattle and Crohn’s disease - Literature review
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Paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease) is a chronic bacterial disease in cattle asso-ciated with inflammation of the bowel and diarrhoea caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Paratuberculosis is a major issue within the ruminant sector both from animal health and economic aspects, since it causes major losses in production even in its subclinical form, while the clinical form is invariably fatal. Although research has been going on for almost 30 years to determine the public health implications of MAP, no general con-sensus concerning a possible involvement in Crohn ́s disease (CD) in humans has been reached yet. From the articles published recently, some do not even mention MAP as a possible cause of CD, some are indecisive, some assume that MAP plays a causative role, and one even names MAP as the main cause of the disease and another defines MAP as a zoonotic agent. In the present review the authors show the possible evidence and the counter-arguments in the con-nection between paratuberculosis and CD and highlight the possible routes of transmission and the potential risks in the food chain. Based on the currently available literature, CD is understood as a typical multifactorial disease and MAP is only one of the potential causes, however, veterinarians have to act prudently when attending MAP affected herds because of a potential zoonotic risk. Herd level control programs should be developed and implemented to minimise MAP infection within the herd and keep the potential zoonotic risk as low as possible
Free skin grafting with autogenous full thickness mesh-graft for treatment of distal limb skin defect in a cat - Case Study
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Background: Skin grafting is especially useful in the management of wound involving the distal part of the limb, where local transfer of tissue is impossible. Indications of this surgical technique are skin defects which result from traumatic shearing injuries, surgical resections of large tumours or burn. Skin grafts are categorized according to their host donor relationship and by their thickness. Meshing the graft is an important factor for survival, prevents the accumulation of serum or blood under the graft, and provides more flexibility over uneven surfaces, ensuring that good contact between the graft and the recipient bed is maintained. Materials and Methods: A 6-year-old neutered cat arrived at our clinic with a traumatic injury on the left front limb. After debridement we decided to bandage the leg as long as needed and after to reconstruct the skin with an autogenous mesh graft. We performed the surgery on the 15th day, by then healthy granulation tissue has formed. Full-thickness skin were harvested from the lateral abdominal region, where abundant loose skin was available and the area could be closed primarily. The size of the graft and the direction of hair growth were noted. Before implantation subcutaneous fat was completely removed from the graft with scissors and incisions were made on it (meshing). We applied the graft to the recipient site with interrupted suture pattern using nonabsorbable, monofilament material. After surgery we used a special, two component band-age, which was changed on the fourth day.Results and Discussion: Approximately 90% of the graft remained viable. We saved the limb and despite of toe amputations the cat is able to walk with min-imal lameness. Cosmetic outcome of the surgery is acceptable with minor alterations (hair is longer and lighter in colour). Successful grafting requires asepsis, an adequately prepared recipient bed consisting of healthy granulation tissue, proper harvesting and preparation of the graft, meticulous surgical technique and strict postoperative care
Fogyasztói jelenségek és hatásuk a magyar termelőkre a haszonállat-tartás állatjólléti vonatkozásaiban
No full textA haszonállatok jólléte napjaink egyik legdinamikusabban fejlődő kérdésköre. Bár egyelőre még csak a fejlett országokban foglalkoznak napi szinten a problémával, az elképzelések a világ nagy részére már eljutottak. Sajátossága, hogy Európán belül is igen eltérő hozzáállások és célkitűzések vannak jelen: a Nyugat- és Észak-Európai államok élesen elkülönülnek a Közép-Kelet-Európai térségtől. Mivel Magyarország ez utóbbi régió tagja és ezidáig hivatalos adatgyűjtés nem történt, Tudományos Diákköri dolgozatomban a jelenlegi magyar helyzet feltérképezését tűztem ki célként.
Kutatásom során a keresleti és kínálati oldalt is megvizsgáltam, elsősorban a vásárlói tudatosságra, - igényekre és -hajlandóságra, illetve a termelői észrevételekre fókuszálva. Ennek eszközéül egy fogyasztói kérdőívet, valamint az előbbi eredményein alapuló, termelői kérdéssort készítettem el és értékeltem ki
A szemek fénytörési rendellenességeinek retinoszkópos vizsgálata lovakban, pónikban és szamarakban
No full textEbben a kutatásban egy, a humán orvoslásban mindennap használatos, viszont állatorvosi vonalon eléggé elfeledett módszer, a csík retinoszkópia vagy skiaszkópia segítségével vizsgáltuk az állatok szemének refraktív hibáját. A munkánk célja az volt, hogy megállapítsuk egészséges szemű lovak, pónik és szamarak szemeinek refraktív státuszát, és összehasonlítsuk a három csoport eredményeit, valamint ezek ivarral és korral való összefüggéseit.
A vizsgálatban 30 ló, 30 póni és 30 szamár vett részt. A méréseket csík retinoszkóppal és egy pozitív illetve negatív dioptriájú skiaszkóp léccel a szem horizontális és vertikális tengelyében végeztük. Mivel ugyanazon szem fénytörési hibáját más vizsgálók eltérően ítélhetik meg, ezért minden vizsgálatot egyazon személy végezte. Ezek alapján kiszámoltuk az adott szem szférikus ekvivalensét (a két tengelyérték közül a nullához közelebbi, SE), a cylindert (a két meridián különbsége, mely lehet pozitív és negatív szám is), illetve egy állatra vonatkoztatva az átlagos refraktív hibát dioptriában (D), (a két szem szférikus ekvivalensének átlaga, MRE), és az anisometropia mértékét (a két szem fénytörési hibájának különbsége). A statisztikai elemzéshez Student's t-tesztet, Kruskal-Wallis-próbát, Spearman-rangkorrelációt és Wilcoxon-tesztet használtunk
Vírusok okozta komplex oktanú enterális megbetegedések sertésekben, különös tekintettel a coronavírusokra
Get PDFKoi-Herpesvirus Infection of ornamental and cultivated carp and the current epidemiological situation in Germany
Get PDFTill today KHV outbreaks with tremendous losses are recorded all over the world every year. Due to the trade of carrier fish the disease could spread to a global extend and is till today one of the most important infectious diseases of carps
The biology of African swine fever - Literature review
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Starting in 2007, the African swine fever (ASF) advanced seemingly unstoppa-bly from the Caucasus region toward the western part of Europe, and in 2018 it reached Hungary. In the lack of vaccine, the spread of ASF constitutes the biggest economical and animal health threat to the Hungarian and worldwide swine industry. The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the causative agent of the disease. ASFV is an enveloped virus with a large (170−190 kilo base pair) double stranded DNA genome that contains around 200 open reading frames. The virus is the sole member of the Asfaviridae family. ASFV has high genetic and antigenic variabil-ity, so far 23 genotypes and at least 8 serotypes were identified. It is the only known DNA arbovirus, its natural hosts are soft ticks belonging to the genus Ornithodoros, and African wild pig species (common warthog (Phacocheorus africanus) and bushpig (Potamochoerus larvatus)). In domestic pigs (Sus scrofa) the virus replicates mainly in macrophages. ASFV utilizes both clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis to enter the macrophages and it replicates in the cytoplasm. At least fourteen ASFV protein was shown to contain strong immunodeterminant epitops and some of them are able to induce at least par-tially neutralizing antibodies. It seems that cellular immunity, natural killer cells and CD8+ lymphocytes play crucial role in the induction of protective immunity against ASFV. In this paper the authors present the most essential biological knowledge about the ASFV and review its entry, replication and immunology in more details