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大学の事務業務とその効率化の規定要因
No full textExpectations regarding operational reforms, such as the promotion of Digital Transformation, are increasing with the goal of realizing management efficiency and work-style reforms. An understanding of business operations is essential for the growth of university staff and the development of the university itself. However, sufficient research has not been conducted on university administrative operations. This study aims to clarify whose work, as well as what kind of work, is increasing, what measures are effective in reducing the amount of work, and what factors influence these measures. The data used in the analysis were responses to a national survey of university employees conducted by the University of Tokyo.
The following points were revealed. First, approximately 60% of staff members feel that they have “too much work to do” and that coordination within the organization has increased over the past decade. Second, working with faculty and students and engaging in intra-organizational adjustments have increased staff membersʼ workload, and individualsʼ efforts to improve work efficiency and develop flexible changes in work content have been successful at reducing the workload. Third, various organizational efforts, including organizational learning, personnel systems, and workplace climate, as well as outsourcing of work, have been effective at reducing workload
「ミクロ→マクロ」に関する方法論的検討
No full textIn the field of higher education, there are many studies that seek to contribute to policy and practice. In this pursuit, research in higher education studies tends to have both micro and macro aspects. However, the relationship between micro behavior and macro phenomena is not self-evident, and conventional research shows methodological shortcomings. This research focuses on how the micro foundations of macro issues can be identified from a methodological perspective, and examines the limitations, possibilities, and suitability of the simulation approach, especially agent-based model (ABM) for higher education research.
First, this paper will re-frame the discussion on the formulation of micro-macro mechanisms in the real world and organize it from the methodological viewpoint of how to quantitatively describe the mechanisms and contradictions contained in the “micro to macro” process. In section two, we will organize the development of the debate on the micro-macro issue and the points of contention from the viewpoint of social science methodology. Section three focuses on the process by which the concept of concrete macro is constructed and analyzes the difficulties in quantitative descriptions of “micro to macro”. Based on these discussions, section four focuses on the research methods utilized in “micro to macro” analysis and presents the applicability and problems of Agent Based Model (ABM)
中学校国語科における言語文化に親しむことを目指した学習づくりについて : 森鷗外「最後の一句」を教材として
No full text現行（平成29 年告示）の中学校学習指導要領では，「我が国の言語文化に親しみ，愛情を持って享受し，その担い手として言語文化を継承・発展させる態度を小・中・高等学校を通じて育成する」ことが「我が国の言語文化に関する指導の改善・充実」の目的とされている。本稿では，その態度の出発点である〝言語文化に親しむ〟ことに注目し，森鷗外「最後の一句」を教材として行った中学３年生「国語」の授業実践をもとに，その学習づくりについて述べた
呉市倉橋町室尾周辺出土の考古資料
No full textThis paper introduces nine archaeological materials donated to the Hiroshima University Museum by a citizen living in Kure City, Hiroshima Prefecture. The origin and excavation status of these archaeological materials are not clear, but it is possible that they were excavated around Muroo, Kurahashi Town, Kure City.
The stemmed pointed tool is from the early Jomon period and is thought to be made of andesite. With a length of 8.65 cm, a width of 2.6 cm, and a weight of 13 g, it is thin and lightweight. There are 27 stemmed pointed tools excavated in Hiroshima Prefecture, but most of them were surface collected or excavated alone. The planar shape is divided into three types: one in which the base is pointed into an inverted triangle (Class A), one in which both hypotenuses of the inverted triangle of the stem part are concave in the inner bay to produce a short stem part (Class B), and one in which the stem part is clearly bound at right angles from the body to produce a clear and long stem part (Class C), and it is thought that the transition of class A (old) → class B → class C (new) is traced. All three pieces of earthenware are from the Middle Ages: earthenware and bowls, cups, tiles, and bowls
村松賢一の「話すこと・聞くこと」教育の成果と課題 : 吃音のある子どもを学びに包摂する観点から
No full text本稿は、第140回全国大学国語教育学会春期大会における自由研究発表「吃音のある児童の「ことばの学び」に関する考察一村松賢一「話すこと・聞くこと」の理論を中心に一」の内容をまとめたものである
Towards a Ban of Anti-Satellite (ASAT) Weapons Tests? Exploring Possible Pathways in Light of Recent Developments
No full textAnti-satellite weapons testing may have long-term negative impacts on the space environment, as the pieces of debris they generate pose a risk for future space operations. Moreover, any such a test brings about the specter of an armed race in outer space. That notwithstanding, these tests are not prohibited under the current international legal regime. This contribution examines the most recent developments in the practice of States and international organizations concerning anti-satellite weapons tests with a double aim. First, it investigates whether the unilateral declarations by which certain States have committed not to conduct destructive direct-ascent anti-satellite missile testing hold legal significance per se. Second, it questions whether these declarations may be considered as relevant State practice and opinio juris for the purpose of identifying a customary rule prohibiting anti-satellite weapons testing. In this respect, particular attention is also paid to Resolution No. 77/41 of 7 December 2022, by which the United Nations General Assembly called upon all States to commit not to conduct destructive direct-ascent missile tests, in order to assess whether it provides further evidence concerning the formation of a customary rule. In the end, the contribution evaluates the possible way forwards
