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「文学的イメージ体験」を軸とした学習者の自己の推察 : 読んだ文学作品と創作した文学作品を連続的に捉える
No full text本論考は，「第145 回全国大学国語教育学会 信州大会」での口頭発表の内容（髙橋,2023b）を加筆修正したものである
汉语母语者习得日语副助词「も」和「でも」时的偏误与母语迁移
No full textNative language transfer plays a crucial role in second language acquisition, often leading to errors influenced by the first language. This paper investigates the causes of Japanese learners' errors in using the auxiliary particles “も” and “ でも” in their written compositions, focusing on both semantic and syntactic levels. This study reveals that learners may omit the particles “も” or “でも” due to ineffective information processing within the sentence, thereby hindering the positive transfer from their native language. Japanese learners' tendency to mix the usage of “も” and “ でも” may stem from negative transfer at the semantic level or from the combined influence of native language transfer at both the semantic and syntactic levels
宋元的貨郎（“常賣”）與書畫交易
No full textThe collection and trading market of calligraphy and painting in the Song Dynasty was relatively developed. This study aims to understand the role of painting establishments and painting academies in the creation and exchange of calligraphy and painting through an investigation of the entities that contributed to the painting market during this period. The article has searched and collected historical materials, poems, notes, painting theories, and other relevant materials from the Song Dynasty. Through the analysis of typical cases involving painting establishments and painting academies, it was found that in the Song Dynasty, the painting market was centered around these institutions, connecting painting artists, nobles, regular sellers, and market merchants to facilitate the trading and dissemination of calligraphy and painting. The prosperity of painting and calligraphy in the Song Dynasty was closely tied to the development of painting premises and painting academies. This article specifically focuses on the investigation of painting houses and the assessment system of painting academies, which played a significant role in promoting the trade of calligraphy and painting. Additionally, it examines the emergence of the "often sell" group in the middleman role of the calligraphy and painting trade during the Song Dynasty, which was distinct from the "tooth". This occupation made a substantial contribution to the circulation and prosperity of the calligraphy and painting market in the Song Dynasty.本文系2019年度國家社科基金冷門“絕學”和國別史等研究專項專案《中國古代經坊研究》的階段性成果，批准號：19VJX090
Effects of Anger Management on Workers: A Questionnaire Survey of Unconstructive Behavior in Workplace
No full textSpatiotemporal shallow and deep groundwater dynamics in a forested mountain catchment with diverse slope gradients, western Japan
No full textThe sustenance of groundwater resources relies heavily on the process of groundwater recharge, which is projected to become scarce in the future due to climate change and increasing human demand. Estimating groundwater recharge remains an exceptionally challenging task for hydrologists, particularly in catchments characterized by forest-dominant land use and abundant steep hillslopes, where the storage and flow of groundwater are intricately tied to factors such as climate patterns and specific hydrological processes across diverse slopes. Here, we applied the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to evaluate the spatiotemporal variability and magnitudes of shallow groundwater discharge and deep groundwater recharge to improve our understanding of precipitation patterns and terrain impact on groundwater recharge. Our results revealed significant variability in shallow groundwater discharge and deep groundwater recharge across the catchment, with average annual values of 305 mm/year and 165.77 mm/year, respectively. The spatiotemporal variability of these groundwater components was primarily influenced by climatic conditions; however, within the catchment zones, slopes below 20% made significant contributions to the observed variations. The upper mountainous areas influenced by snow contributed significantly to the catchment's groundwater resources, accounting for 42% of the shallow groundwater discharge and 46% of the deep groundwater recharge. In contrast, urbanized lowland areas made much smaller contributions—13% of shallow groundwater discharge and 5% of deep groundwater recharge. Notably, during the driest year, both shallow groundwater discharge and deep groundwater recharge were insufficient to meet the daily water demand of the catchment, indicating the need for alternative water storage methods such as reservoirs. These findings offer insights for decision-making to enhance groundwater resource resilience in the region.This research was supported by the Asia-Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN) under Grant No. CRRP 2019-09MY-Onodera (funder ID: https://doi.org/10.13039/100005536)
A fracture mechanics study of stress resultant intensity factors in stiffened panels employing RKPM meshfree FSDT modeling
No full textPanel cracking for stiffened panels is investigated based on linear elastic fracture mechanics. Meshfree flat shell formulation and fracture modeling are employed. After investigating stress distribution of the intact stiffened panel, the mode-I and mixed-mode crackings are studied using the stress resultant intensity factors (SRIFs). When the crack tip approaches to the stiffener, deformation around the crack is suppressed due to presence of the stiffeners. The mechanical behaviors are carefully examined by changing crack length, loading conditions and thickness of the main panel and stiffeners. Quantitative evaluation of SRIFs is addressed by comparing with the reference solutions. An in-depth discussion is provided for the meshfree modeling of the panel cracking in the stiffened panels. This series studies are useful for examining crack arrest effect of the stiffened panel due to presence of the stiffeners
Physician behavior: Experimental evidence from physician and patient perspectives
No full textPhysician motives remain a hotly debated and sensitive topic. Given the sensitive nature of this issue, direct questions may elicit either dishonest responses or no response at all. To mitigate this risk, we carried out two list experiments between November 2022 and February 2023 to examine two important physician behaviors from both the physician and patient perspectives. In these experiments, participants in the control and treatment groups were shown a list of non-sensitive statements. Additionally, each treatment group received a sensitive statement related to either demand inducement or demand enablement behavior. Participants were then asked to report only the number of statements with which they agreed. The difference in the mean number of statements agreed upon between the control and treatment groups revealed the prevalence rates of sensitive behaviors. In the physician experiment, we observed a 25 % prevalence rate (standard error (SE) = 0.127, p = 0.046) for demand inducement behavior and a 65 % rate (SE = 0.125, p < 0.001) for demand enablement behavior. In the patient experiment, compared to the control group, 52 % of participants (SE = 0.074, p < 0.001) perceived that physicians exhibit demand inducement behavior, while 39 % (SE = 0.073, p < 0.001) demonstrated behavior consistent with demand enablement. These findings indicate that physicians are more prone to offer unnecessary medical services when patients actively participate, underscoring the significant influence of patients on physician behavior