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Faculty Members’ Experience of Student Incivility in Public Institutions of Higher Education: A case study of a conflict-stricken country
No full textIncivility, a growing challenge in higher education institutions, interferes with and disrupts the learning process. This study examined faculty members’ experiences of students’ incivilities in institutions of higher education in Afghanistan. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 289 faculty members who were teaching in various higher education institutions across Afghanistan. Descriptive and inferential statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that faculty members experienced varying degrees of a wide range of incivilities in and outside the classroom, including conversing loudly in the class, interruption, and harassment. They also experienced a variety of incivilities related to assessment and grading. A small number of them experienced more serious forms of incivilities including beating, stabbing, and death threats. The findings also revealed that there were not significant differences between participants’ experiences of student incivility by their gender, but there were significant differences between faculty members’ experience by their level of education and years of teaching experience. The study recommends faculty members and higher education institutions take practical measures to address incivilities inside and outside the classroom in order to create a safe learning environment for faculty members and students
青年における職業選択不安，キャリア探索，批判的思考態度の関連
No full textWhile some studies have reported that career choice anxiety decreases career exploration in adolescents, others have noted that anxiety increases career exploration. Given these mixed results, critical thinking attitudes may moderate the relationships between career choice anxiety and career exploration. The present study examined the interaction between career choice anxiety and critical thinking attitudes in career exploration among adolescents. Multiple regression analysis was conducted using career choice anxiety, critical thinking attitude, and their interactions as explanatory variables, with the two aspects of career exploration as response variables. The results revealed that career choice anxiety negatively explained environmental exploration. Critical thinking attitudes positively explained environmental exploration and self-exploration. However, there was no significant interaction between career choice anxiety and critical thinking attitudes in both the aspects of career exploration
誰が組織内での発言をためらい，心理的安全性を低く感じるのか : 社会人調査モニターの性別・国籍・障害の有無に着目して
No full textThis study aims to explore how promotive and prohibitive voice, along with their antecedents, such as psychological safety, differ between minority employees (e.g., female employees, non-Japanese employees, and employees with disabilities) and non-minority employees. Research shows that demographic diversity in voice leads to various advantages. Conversely, research also shows that minority employees may have lower levels of voice and psychological safety. Thus, we hypothesized that the level of voice and psychological safety among Japanese minority employees would be lower than that among non-minority employees. An online survey was administered to 476 employees to measure their levels of voice and psychological safety. To determine the significant differences in voice and psychological safety between minority and non-minority employees, Welch's t-test was used. The results revealed that female employees reported a significantly lower level of prohibitive voice than male employees, and employees diagnosed with a current mental disorder reported a significantly lower level of prohibitive voice than those without such a diagnosis. In addition, individuals with a current or past mental disorder diagnosis reported significantly lower levels of psychological safety than those without any mental disorder diagnosis. These findings contribute to understanding the prevalence of low levels of voice and psychological safety among people with specific demographic characteristics
発達障害児者を抱える養育者の心理的体験に関する研究の動向
No full textIn recent years, social interest in developmental disorders has increased, and the need for support for people with developmental disabilities and their families from an early stage has been pointed out. This paper specifically reviews previous research on the psychological experiences of caregivers of children with developmental disabilities. It has been pointed out that caregivers of children with developmental disabilities experience high levels of childcare stress. This has negative effects on their mental health, such as anxiety and depression. Furthermore, it is known that the effects on caregivers are wide-ranging, including family relationships and time and financial burdens. Caregivers who are affected in this way experience many emotional conflicts such as anger and self-blame in their daily lives. Attitudes toward children change with social support and deepening knowledge about disabilities, but the psychological effects change depending on the development of the child and last for a long time. In addition, experiences such as marital crises and peer pressure can put caregivers at risk of becoming socially isolated. In the future, we will focus on psychological support that take into account the fact that caregivers of children with developmental disabilities have complex psychological experiences not only in their relationships with their children, but also in their relationships with those around them while providing daily care
大学のリカレント教育 : 先進事例からみた展望と課題
No full textDespite the growing need for recurrent education and reskilling and the promise of universities in this area, the increase in the number of adult learners at universities is minimal. The study presents three hypotheses for the failure of universities to actively attract adult students, namely: (1) difficulty in identifying potential demand, (2) challenges in management systems, and (3) inactivity in determining the significance of their efforts. Furthermore, we focus on programs that are taking advanced approaches and examine how they overcome various bottlenecks.
(1) Potential demand was captured through collaborative creation with companies and past initiatives instead of through general market research. The program is driven by the strong desire and sense of mission of the program promoters, which exhibit flexibility in devising and modifying content and delivery methods. Moreover, all universities under study are well-known. However, they were enthusiastic and successful in their efforts to “sell” programs. (2) To solve the issue of management structure, several programs sought solutions by utilizing subsidiaries. (3) The objective of the efforts of the universities in recurrent education was not only financial but also industry–university collaboration, student recruitment and as a solution to internal university issues. Recurrent education was positioned as one of the solutions for complex and crucial internal issues.
Thus, only two types of recurrent programs in Japanese universities have been discussed in prior literature, namely, social contribution from the perspective of the social justice model and efforts to open universities to the wider public and the development of individual knowledge and skills using the human capital model. This study proposes a third model of recurrent education. The recent emergence of advanced cases has increased the possibility of a new model that targets individuals and corporations as a part of collaborative creation in the search for solutions to social problems.第1章 研究の目的と背景 両角亜希子 …1
第2章 社会人ニーズの取り込みとプログラム化
—シニア向けプログラムを対象として— 中村智治・森卓也 …5
第3章 組織運営上の課題と出資会社活用 森卓也・古庄裕 …17
第4章 大学がリカレント教育に取り組む目的・強みと難しさ 菅原慶子・高本尽 …27
第5章 事例概要 佐藤寛也、菅原慶子、高本尽、中村智治、古庄裕、森卓也 …35
１．東京大学エグゼクティブ・マネジメント・プログラム …35
２．東京大学大学院新領域創成科学研究科 …39
３．東京大学メタバース工学部 …47
４．東京大学履修証明プログラム―高度医療経営人材養成プログラム― …52
５．東京大学公共政策大学院社会人講座 …61
６．東京大学エクステンション株式会社 …65
７．早稲田大学エクステンションセンター・社会人教育事業室 …69
８．早稲田大学Life Redesign College …76
９．株式会社早稲田大学アカデミックソリューション …82
１０．京大オリジナル株式会社 …88
１１．立教大学立教セカンドステージ大学 …93
１２．学校法人産業能率大学総合研究所 …100
１３．清華大学終身教育処 …104
終章 これからの日本の大学におけるリカレント教育 両角亜希子 …10
ニュートン『プリンキピア』における「哲学することの規則IV」追加の動機
No full textNewton added “Rule IV of Reasoning” in the third edition of his Principia. The aim of this paper is to clarify the reason why this Rule was added. Although “Rule IV” is new in the third edition of the Principia, its contents is anticipated in previous texts, especially the second English edition of the Opticks. Nevertheless, Newton added it again. As the background of this addition, I focus on his manuscripts for “Definitions” which was written in the same period as the formation of outlines of “Rule IV”. In these manuscripts, he tries to define body, vacuum, and phenomenon in the daily and physical context in contrast with mathematical definitions in Book I in the Principia. It seems that the plan of “Rule IV” is derived from that of “Definitions”. It is important to note that Newton plans to settle both “Rule of Reasoning” and plan of “Definitions” in the front of Book III in the Principia. Book III is philosophical, that is, physical part whereas Book I and II is mathematical one of the Principia. Newton tried to clarify the goal of Book III through stressing the necessity of daily and sensible phenomenon which is explored in experiments. Therefore, he adds “Rule IV” and declares that experimental philosophy begins with our phenomena in the Principia as “Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy”
地域の伝統文化・行事の継承に寄与するコミュニティ・スクールの可能性 : Ａ市３校の事例調査の分析を通して
No full text本研究は，令和4年度 公益財団法人 前川財団 家庭教育研究及び実践活動助成を受けて実施されたものである
家庭科教員のオンライン交流の有効性に関する研究 : 教科観等への影響に着目して
No full textThe purpose of this study is to provide suggestions for an effective online exchange concept for home economics teachers. For this purpose, we proposed an online exchange program using a video conferencing tool (Zoom) and a messenger application (LINE), which enables participants to learn from each other continuously and easily. The effectiveness of the online exchange was verified by the changes in home economics teachers’s views of the subject and home economics teachers’s educational practices as a result of this online exchange. The results showed that the program had a certain effect on the teachers' views of the subject and their educational practice. The results of this survey suggested that this online exchange program was beneficial and that it should be conducted on a long-term and continuous basis
さらに歌い継がれるキーツの「つれなき美女」 : 合唱曲に翻案された事例とその意義
No full textIn the late 19th century, the works of Romantic poet John Keats underwent reevaluation. Initially being popular among the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood artists, Keats’ poetry found new life in various musical compositions by contemporary British composers. This paper delves into the reasons why Keats’ “La Belle Dame sans Merci, a ballad” was transformed into a madrigal during the early 20th century by one of Britain’s outstanding composers, Charles Hubert Parry.
The essay begins by introducing the preceding adaptation of the same poem by Parry’s rival, Irish composer Charles Villiers Stanford. Subsequently, we explore Parry’s musical style, literary preferences, and his approach to incorporating poetry. Influenced significantly by contemporary German composers like Johannes Brahms and Richard Wagner, Parry’s pro-German sentiments were deeply affected by World War I. Notably, the madrigal was performed in 1915, a year before the war’s outbreak, potentially intertwining the image of suffering soldiers on the battlefield with that of the palely wandering knight depicted in the poem.
Drawing insights from Parry’s musical compositions and his daughter’s memoirs, we discover his fascination with Romantic poetry, as well as works by Shakespeare and other renowned poets. Parry’s interest in Keats and Shelley intensified during the Keats Shelley Festival of 1912, an event held to acquire the building in Rome where Keats had passed away. In a creative endeavor, he composed ballet music inspired by Shelley’s“ Song of Proserpine, whilst gathering flowers on the plain of Enna”. The festival also provided an opportune moment for Parry and his contemporaries to delve further into Keats’ literary legacy.
In the latter part of this paper, after discussing the background that led to Parry’s commission to compose a madrigal for the Bristol Madrigal Society, we delve into the question of who specifically chose John Keats’ ballad, “La Belle Dame sans Merci,” as the musical inspiration. The society had planned a concert in 1915 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of their principal conductor, Daniel Wilberforce Rootham. Given Parry’s strong relationship with the society, it is not surprising that he received the request. However, the mystery lies in the identity of the poem’s selector and the reasons behind their choice.
While it might seem logical that the composer himself made the selection, influenced by the various works showcased during the Keats Shelley Festival, circumstantial evidence suggests an alternative perspective. The poem’s ultimate choice could be attributed to the society. Notably, La Belle Dame sans Merci, painted by Frank Bernard Dicksee in 1901, found its way to Bristol through the generosity of Mrs. Yda Richardson. Mrs. Richardson, a member of the influential Wills family of Bristol, donated the Romantic painting in 1913— merely a year before Parry completed the composition of the requested madrigal. Thus, we can infer that the timely donation of this evocative artwork played a pivotal role in the poem’s selection for Parry’s musical endeavor