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Definition of formal models for heterogeneous timed systems and ther application for job-shop scheduling problem
No full textActuellement, les méthodes formelles sont de plus en plus utilisées dans le but d’analyser le comportement des systèmes temporisés. Elles visent à améliorer la qualité des systèmes étudiés. Notre travail s’inscrit dans le cadre de la spécification et l’analyse basées sur les méthodes formelles des systèmes temporisés exécutés sur des plateformes réelles. Dans ces plateformes, d’une part, le nombre de machines est d’abord limité, et d’autre part, leurs vitesses peuvent être différentes. Une conséquence de telles plateformes est que la durée d’exécution de chaque action des systèmes étudiés dépend de la machine sur laquelle elle s’exécute, et généralement les exécutions se déroulent de manière conflictuelle sur les machines partagées sans ou avec préemption entre les actions. A cet effet, nous essayons de profiter des avantages offerts par l’une des sémantiques de vrai parallélisme en l’appliquant pour développer des modèles formels dédiés à la spécification et l’analyse des systèmes temporisés hétérogènes. Ces modèles sont appelés raTA (resource allocation Timed Automata) et S-raTA (Stop-watch raTA). Nous proposons d’abord une méthode de génération de ces structures à partir d’une extension du langage Basic LOTOS. Nous montrons par la suite comment les structures proposées peuvent être adaptées pour modéliser et analyser des problèmes d’ordonnancement de type job-shop sans ou avec préemption.Currently, formal methods are increasingly used in order to analyze the behavior of timed systems. They aim to improve the quality of the studied systems. Our work belongs to the area of the specification and analysis based on formal methods of timed systems running on real platforms. In such platforms, the number of machines is limited, and their speeds may be different. As a consequence of such platforms is that the execution time of each action of the studied systems depends on the machine on which it is executed, and executions are generally confrontational on shared machines with or without pre-emption between actions. To this end, we try to take advantage of one of true concurrency semantics by applying it to develop formal models dedicated to the specification and analysis of heterogeneous timed systems. These models are called raTA (resource allocation Timed Automata) and S-raTA (Stop-watch raTA). Firstly, we propose a generation method of these structures from an extension of Basic LOTOS language. We show later how the proposed structures can be adapted to model and analyze scheduling problems of the kind job shop with or without pre-emption
رهانات الجودة في مؤسسات التعليم العالي في الجزائر
No full textيهدف هذا البحث الى التعرف على مختلف التحديات التي تواجه مؤسسات التعليم العالي الجزائرية في توجهها نحو الجودة، تزامنا مع تبنيها لنظام "ل.م.د" الذي يعتبر بوابة للجودة في التعليم العالي، فالجودة الان امر حتمي وليس خيار لمؤسسات التعليم العالي في الجزائر ولذلك سعت هذه الأخيرة الى استحداث عدة هيئات تهتم بالجودة وتقوميها باعتبارها مطلب ووسيلة تساعد على تحسين جودة التعليم والارتقاء بالأداء ورفع مستوي المخرجات بما يتوافق ومتطلبات العصر. وعلى الرغم من المجهودات المبذولة في هذا المجال الا انه لا زالت هناك العديد من النقائض التي ترجع بالأساس الى طبيعة البيئة التي تتواجد بها مؤسسات التعليم العالي في الجزائر والتي تمثل تحديا أساسيا في تبنيها للجودة.This research aims to identify the various challenges faced by the Algerian higher education institutions in their inclination towards quality, in conjunction with their adoption of the LMD system, which is a gateway to quality in higher education. Therefore, the quality is now inevitable and not an option for higher education institutions in Algeria. Therefore, the latter sought to develop several bodies concerned with quality and establish them as a requirement and a means to help improve the quality of education and improve performance and raise the level of outputs in line with the requirements of the times. Despite the efforts made in this field, there are still many inadequacies, mainly due to the nature of the environment in which higher education institutions are located in Algeria, which represent a fundamental challenge in adopting quality. This abstract created by Dar Almandumah Inc. 2018333336
The role of job description in the organization and development of the archival profession in Algeria a field study in the state directorates in Constantine
No full textإنه لا يخفى علينا وجود حاجة لإعادة بناء وتنظيم مهنة الأرشيف والتوثيق ببلادنا خاصة في ظل رصد عديد المشاكل التنظيمية وما يرافقها من ضرورة إمتلاك الأرشيفيين لكفاءات متنوعة من أجل مواجهتها، ومهارات شاملة لتثبيت مكانتهم كمورد هام من الموارد البشرية للمؤسسات والإدارات العمومية الجزائرية، إضافة إلىمشكلة صعوبة التأقلم والتكيف مع محيط متسم بالتغير متعلق أساسا بزيادة التفاعل مع وسائل تكنولوجيا المعلومات ومدى قدرتهم على مواكبتها وأداء مهامهم بالشكل المطلوب. وفي هذا السياق إخترنا أن يكون موضع دراستنا متعلق بمرجع مهن الأرشيف والتوثيق، التعريف به وعرض مجالات الاستفادة منه، وضرورة صياغته ليكون وسيلة تنظيمية لبيئة الشغل الأرشيفية، وكدليل مرجعي للمؤسسات وللمسؤولين من أجل فهم متطلبات هذه المهنة، كونه يضمن توصيف المهنة الأرشيفية ويحدد جملة المؤهلات والكفاءات اللازمة والمستحدثة لممارستها في ظل زيادة الاعتماد على وسائل تكنولوجيا المعلومات في قطاع الأرشيف، ومنه توجيه ومساعدة الإدارة العليا وصناع القرار في عمليات انتقاء وتوظيف كفاءات جديدة وملائمة على مستوى مصالح ومؤسسات الأرشيف، وأيضا أهميته بالنسبة للجامعات والجهات المكوِنة للكوادر الأرشيفية باعتباره دليل معرفي يعرض احتياجات سوق العمل وبالتالي توجيه برامج التكوين بها لتخريج أرشيفيين ذوي كفاءات قادرين على عصرنة القطاع. وجدير بالذكر أن عديد الدول الأوربية تملك مثل هذه الأدلة المرجعية لمهن الأرشيف، لذلك نسعى من خلال هذا البحث أيضا للدعوى لصياغة مرجع مهني أرشيفي عربي تتكفل بصياغته الإتحادات الوطنية أو العربية المهتمة بحقل الأرشيف والمعلومات والتوثيق.It is so obvious that we have a need to rebuild and regulate Archival profession and Documentation in our country and the Arabic world , especially in light of many organizational problems and what came with it as a result to the rebuilding operation we mean ; Archivists competencies diverse, and comprehensive skills to install their status as an important resource in the Algerian societies and public administrations, in addition to the problems of difficulty to adapt and adjust with the radically changes which came with the media and information technology, and their abilities to keep up with it and perform their duties as required. We will try through this study to give a definition to archival Reference and Documentation, and display areas to take advantage of it, and it will be an organizational way for the archival work, and as a reference guide for societies and their responsible in order to understand the requirements of this profession, because it guarantee characterization of the profession and determine qualifications and the necessary competencies and development for their exercise, and it guidance for the preparation and formation of new archivists, and improve their career path , also it is very important for universities as a guide presents the needs of the information market, and thus lead to form archivists with high skills that helps them to develop archival profession4
Mobile agent-based software systems modeling approaches: A comparative study
No full textMobile agent-based applications are special type of software systems which take the advantages of mobile agents in order to provide a new beneficial paradigm to solve multiple complex problems in several fields and areas such as network management, e-commerce, e-learning, etc. Likewise, we notice lack of real applications based on this paradigm and lack of serious evaluations of their modeling approaches. Hence, this paper provides a comparative study of modeling approaches of mobile agent-based software systems. The objective is to give the reader an overview and a thorough understanding of the work that has been done and where the gaps in the research are.240
A generalized island model based on parallel and cooperating metaheuristics for effective large capacitated vehicle routing problem solving
No full textCapacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is among transportation problems that are of the foremost concerns in logistics. Ensuring an effective product distribution over a large distribution network while reducing the required costs represents the scope of the present work. A synergic and interactive environment of parallel meta-heuristics is developed using a generalized island model to deal with large instances of CVRP. In the proposed model, cooperative meta-heuristics, namely genetic algorithms (GA) and ant colony optimization algorithms (ACO), are organized into archipelagoes. They communicate synchronously, globally and locally by exchanging solutions. In order to handle properly the migration of solutions, either between archipelagoes or between islands within the same archipelago, appropriate selection and replacement policies are adopted. Furthermore, the proposed approach uses other new features including a new binary solution representation and different optimization process (i.e GA, ACO) on each island. To prove the efficiency of the present work, tests over the well-known set of benchmarks, comparative studies and experimental analysis have been conducted.230
الإتاحة الحرة للمعلومات نموذج العموميات الخلاقة في قطاع المكتبات والمعلومات
No full textيثير مبدأ الوصول الحر للمعلومات وحق المواطنين في الحصول عليها، العديد من التساؤلات حول كيفية تنظيم حقوق المؤلفين في الفضاء الرقمي وخصوصا في ظل الانتشار الواسع للتقنيات وانتقال المعلومات بسرعة هائلة، مما يطرح تحديات كبيرة وتساؤلات عديدة عن كيفية إيجاد نوع من التوازن بين الحماية المفرطة والإتاحة العادلة، وقد ظهرت العموميات الخلاقة، كمحاولة للموازنة بين حق المستخدم في الوصول إلى المعلومات وحق المؤلف في حماية مؤلفاته. تتناول هذه الدراسة استخدامات العموميات الخلاقة في قطاع المكتبات والمعلومات، وكذا آليات تطبيقها في هذا المجال، مع الإشارة إلى نماذج من مكتبات، اعتنقت هذا الفكر واعتمدت هذا النوع من الحقوق لبث ونشر محتوياتها.L’idée d’un accès universel à la recherche, à l’éducation et à la culture, est rendue possible grâce à Internet. Mais les systèmes juridiques actuels ne permettent pas toujours l’accès libre a l’information;les « Creative commons », instaurent un nouveau système de protection de la propriété intellectuelle, sous forme de contrats-type, donnant pour la première fois la possibilité à l’auteur, de définir les conditions d’utilisation de son œuvre par un tiers, Elles permettent ainsi le partage et l’utilisation de la créativité et des connaissances à travers des outils juridiques libres. Cette étude consacrée aux Créative Commons, cherche à comprendre en quoi ce régime peut jouer un rôle dans le développement des collections des bibliothèques. L'objectif est d'arriver à une connaissance approfondie des « Creative commons » en esquissant diverses pistes possibles pour le développement futur de leur usage et de leur utilisation dans les bibliothèques4311713
A framework for modeling and analysis UML activity diagram using graph transformation
No full textThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.The most important advantage of Model Driven Engineering (MDE) is making available tools, concepts and languages to create and transform models. In this paper, we propose a framework to transform automatically UML activity diagram 2.0 (informal notation) to Petri Nets (formal notation) for the analysis purpose using INA analyzer tool. This transformation helps the software designers to analyze and verify properties. For realizing this transformation, we have proposed a meta-model for UML-AD and another one for PN. Based on these meta-models, we define a graph grammar that performs the transformation process. AToM3 is used as a tool for meta-modeling and graph transformation. We verify the resulting Petri nets with model checker INA. We illustrate our contribution with a detailed example.5661261
An efficient feature selection scheme based on genetic algorithm for ear biometrics authentication
No full textHuman ear recognition is a new biometric technology which competes with other powerful biometrics modalities such as fingerprint, face and iris. Ear has small size, a uniform distribution color and does not need much collaboration from the user. Feature extraction is a crucial stage for biometric identification. However, the extracted features might contain redundant and irrelevant features which can lead to the problem of dimension and even to degradation of performances of biometric systems. In this paper, we present a new efficient feature selection scheme based on Genetic Algorithm for ear biometrics. The proposed approach has been tested on an ear biometrics database and compared with the full feature system, Principal Components Analysis (PCA) based approach and a combination of the proposed GA and PCA. Experimental results show that the proposed approach outperforms the full-feature based system in terms of accuracy, FRR and FAR
Toward a New Recommender System Based on Multi-criteria Hybrid Information Filtering
No full textThe Communities of Practice of E-learning (CoPEs) are virtual spaces that facilitate learning and acquisition of new knowledge for its members. To achieve these objectives CoPE members exchange and share learning resources that can be (online courses, URLs, articles, theses, etc ...). The growing number of adherents to the CoPE increases the number of learning resources inserted into the memory of this learning space. As consequence, access to relevant learning resource and collaboration between members who have similar needs become even more difficult. Therefore, recommender systems are required to facilitate such tasks. In this paper we propose a personalized recommendation approach dedicated to CoPE that we call Three Dimensions Hybrid Recommender System (3DHRS). The approach is hybrid as it uses collaborative filtering supported by content based filtering to eliminate the problems of cold start and new item. Furthermore, it considers three criteria namely role, interest and evaluation to efficiently solve the new user, and sparsity issues. A prototype of the proposed system has been implemented and evaluated through the use of Moodle platform as it hosts many communities of practice. Very promising results in terms of mean absolute error have been obtained.:45
Cultural heritage digitization projects in Algeria: Case study of the National Library
No full textCurrently, the Algerian National Library is striving to digitize Algerian cultural heritage. This exercise became
imperative due to physical damage to manuscripts when they were handled during reading. This case study aims to shed light on the challenges of manuscripts and rare books digitization in the Algerian context. In addition, this paper clarifies the Algerian National Library’s aspirations and plans to make manuscripts and rare books digitization a thriving endeavor.41327227