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Building a Project Memory Using Semantic Design Rationale Process
No full textIn the proposal, a construction project memory process based on the semantic annotation is presented. A project Mem-ory concerns the representation and the identification of the experience acquired during projects realization. The main feature of this approach is that the semantic annotation is used to build a continuous semantic design rationale process. We propose in this paper, a semantic traceability in four stages (identifying, structuring, annotating and integrating). The identification and the structuring phases use a model called Extended Marguerite model which fully considers the objectives of the project memory. The annotation phase exploits the results of precedent phase to prepare the final phase. Examples are presented from a case study in an Algerian firm called ENMTP. The architecture supporting the modelling engine is presented. Finally, an evaluation of the degree of the semantic annotation brought by proposed process is given040635637
المكتبة الرقمية بالجامعة الجزائرية: تصميمها وإنشاؤها - جامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية نموذجا
No full textلقد حتمت التطورات السريعة في التقنية والاتصالات والعلوم، والانتشار الواسع للتعليم، والتغيرات المتواصلة في مهنة المكتبات والمعلومات إلى تطور المكتبات لتصبح ما يصطلح عليه المكتبات الرقمية، حيث انطلقت مشروعات ومبادرات البحث لإنشاء مكتبات رقمية في العديد من البلدان، لعل أنجحها في هذا السبيل تجارب المكتبات الأوروبية والأميركية؛ حيث الإمكانات الهائلة للتعامل مع التقنية. وفي الجزائر تعد مكتبة د. أحمد عروة الجامعية بجامعة الأمير عبد القادر للعلوم الإسلامية أولى المكتبات الجامعية التي انخرطت في هذا التشكيل الجديد، من خلال مشروعها الفتي الذي انطلق سنة 2002. وعليه تحاول هذه الدراسة الوقوف على عوامل ظهور المشروع ومراحل إنجازه وتنفيذه، وعوامل أخرى متعلقة باستبيان آراء أعضاء الهيئة التدريسية في المكتبة الرقمية ومدى استفادتهم من خدماتها ومساهمتهم فيها؛ وقد اعتمدت الدراسة على أداة الاستبيان في جمع البيانات اللازمة لإلقاء الضوء على الأسئلة التي تمّت الإجابة عنها، وقد ضم الاستبيان 39 سؤالاً أجاب عنها 148 أستاذاً من أصل 186، وهم أفراد عينة البحث. وقد اشتملت الدراسة التي جاءت في بابين على مقدمة و13 فصلاً وخاتمة، بالإضافة إلى قائمة المصادر والمراجع التي تم الرجوع إليها والملاحق الخاصة بالبحث. وتضمّن الباب الأول الإطار المفاهيمي والنظري للبحث وقد اشتمل على 6 فصول. طُرحت الإشكالية والإطار المنهجي للبحث في فصله الأول، تم التطرق لمفاهيم وإشكالية مصطلح المكتبات الرقمية، ودراسة وظائف المكتبات الرقمية وخصائصها، كما عُرضت العملية الرقمية وتقنية تصميم المصادر الرقمية في الفصل الرابع، كما تطرقت الدراسة إلى ما وراء البيانات ومختلف معاييرها، في حين جاء الفصل السادس لاستعراض أهم التجارب الرائدة في مجال المكتبات الرقمية في العالم. أما الباب الثاني من البحث فيتعلق بالإطار الميداني والتطبيقي، ويضم هو الآخر 6 فصول: يتناول الفصل الأول المكتبة الرقمية لجامعة الأمير عبد القادر، ثم دراسة الممارسات الوثائقية لدى الأساتذة، واستكشاف اتجاهاتهم نحو استخدام مصادر المعلومات الإلكترونية، كما تم التطرُّق للممارسات الوثائقية الإلكترونية لدى الأساتذة، ومحاولة معرفة وجهة نظرهم في المكتبة الرقمية للجامعة، وأشير في الفصل الأخير من الباب الثاني إلى التخطيط للمشروعات الرقمية وتنفيذها بالمكتبة الجامعية. هذا ويتناول البحث في الفصل الأخير مناقشة النتائج التي أسفرت عنها الدراسة، وعلى ضوء تلك النتائج أمكن الخروج بجملة من المقترحات كـ: ضرورة تأهيل المكتبيين وضرورة البدء في إنشاء المكتبة الرقمية للرسائل العلمية المجازة في الجامعة، وكذلك المخطوطات، إضافة إلى الدوريات التي تصدرها الجامعة ومخابر البحث المختلفة ومجموعات مكتبات المشائخ العلمية والتراثية النادرة والمؤلفات التي لا تقع تحت طائل حقوق الملكية الفكرية. والتأكيد على أهمية وجود إدارة بالمكتبة تسمى "إدارة المكتبة الرقمية" تتولى تقويم وتطوير البرامج والأداء والخدمات التي توفرها المكتبة، مع توفير الدعم اللازم لها. (ملخص المؤلف)New information technologies and communication, scientific development and expansion of education as well as changes in libraries and information and the emergence of networks compatible with various sources of information are factors that have affected libraries and information services. Now, these services play a key role in access to essential information resources for students and researchers. Many countries have been involved in the launch of digital library projects that have had great success in Europe and the United States of America. In Algeria, Ahmed Aroua library of the University of Emir Abdelkader in Constantine is among the first Algerian university libraries involved in a digitization project since 2002. This study focuses on this project, the causes and reasons for its emergence, the stages of its implementation in addition to evaluation of its services to users. To develop the field study, we conducted a survey with a questionnaire, as a tool for effective information gathering, composed of 39 questions and distributed to 186 teachers from which 148 questionnaires have been returned. Subdivided into two main parts, the study consists of an introduction, 13 chapters, a conclusion, a bibliography and appendices. Thus, the first part consists of 6 chapters reserved exclusively to the theoretical study with respect to digital libraries, their characteristics, the scanning procedures and the different metadata standards, the sixth chapter, which closes the first part of study spreads the pilot projects of digital libraries around the world. Consisted of six chapters, the second part is devoted to the field study aimed to examine the documentation practices of teachers, their tendencies, their attitudes towards the use of electronic resources and also their views on the digital library of their university. The sixth chapter focuses on planning and execution of digital projects in academic libraries. The 13th chapter discusses the results of the survey on which a set of recommendations were suggested such as: 1) Qualification of practicing librarians. 2) Launching of the digital library of thesis at the university, manuscripts, periodicals of the university research laboratories and all the works and documents not subject to copyright. 3) Focus on the launch of a department responsible for the management of the digital library at the university whose primary mission is based on evaluation and program development and delivery services as well as to ensure ongoing support. (Author’s abstract
Reconnaissance des expressions faciales à base d’informations vidéo ; Estimation de l’intensité des expressions faciales
No full textFacial expressions recognition is a basic task in the human machine communication. During this thesis, we developed a facial expression classification system based mainly on transient features. In order to carry out this system, we considered two previous works developed in the laboratory. These two works relate to the detection of facial permanent features which are eyes, eyebrows and lips. This automatic detection allowed the localization of characteristic points of these features which are the corners and the limits of each feature. From these characteristic points, we detected facial regions where transient features can appear. A study on the presence or the absence of this type of features s well as other characteristics of this type of features gave a primary classification of facial expressions without providing much effort. This study is completed by a study on permanent features in order to refine obtained results. This categorical classification proved its limit in the recognition of other facial expressions, this leads to develop another system which propose a dimensional classification of facial expressions in terms of positivity / negativity or pleasure / not pleasure. An ideal facial expression system allows quantifying facial expressions. Another aim of this thesis is the development of a quantification system which allows estimating intensity of known as well as unknown facial expression. The three suggested systems are based in addition to the transient features, on different deformations of permanent features. To measure the deformation of these features, five characteristic distances are computed from characteristic points located from detected permanent features. The Transferable Belief Model is used in the three systems in order to fuse all available data coming from different sensors. This is why we have used this specified model. Another raison of the choice of this model is its ability to model the doubt between the different considered classes. Another objective of this thesis is the recognition of facial expressions based on video information. When considering facial expressions databases, several actors present different expressions with various intensities in video sequences. Each video count more than 200 frames. Several data are extracted from each frame this leads to an important mass of data. To analyze and explore these data we use a data mining technique in order to extract a new temporal knowledge. The developed dynamic recognition system takes into the count the temporal deformations of face features. It induces temporal rules which describe facial expressions in a dynamic context. These rules can be added to existing ones proposed by M-PEG4 in a static context
نحو تطبيق إدارة المعرفة في المكتبات الجامعية : تقييم إستعداد مكتبة د.أحمد عروة الجامعية لتبني إدارة المعرفة
No full textThis study treated the level of working environment preparedness in Dr. Ahmed Erwa Academic Library of the Amir Abdul Kader Islamic Sciences University -Constantine-, to adopt knowledge management as an ideology, methodology and processes. That has been realised by testing the library workers' acceptance for some behaviors and practices, which are the indicators of readiness to knowledge management adoption via one of the readiness assessment models for knowledge management, which is designed to coincide the specifics of the academic libraries. Our model based on four enablers which are: Organizational Leadership, Organizational Culture, Organizational Processes, Information Technology. The study concluded that: The qualifications of the library leadership are good and sufficient to guide the library toward a sharing culture. Organizational culture of the library is acceptable to coincide the principles of knowledge sharing and collective work. Organizational processes in the library plays a rather good role in supporting knowledge sharing culture. Technological Infrastructure in the library does not support collective work and knowledge sharing, also has weakness in exploitation
Sécurité des Systèmes d’Information: Mise en œuvre de la confiance et de l’adaptabilité pour la protection de l’agent mobile
No full textL’utilisation massive d’applications mobiles, employant notamment des agents mobiles, a été engendrée par des phénomènes récents tels que le nomadisme des utilisateurs, la mobilité des terminaux ou l’activité en mode déconnectée. Ces applications évoluent dans des environnements de plus en plus dynamiques, imprévisibles et hostiles et engendrent donc un important problème de sécurité dont la résolution constitue un véritable challenge. Le problème de sécurité lié à l’utilisation des agents mobiles a effectivement freiné leur expansion et restreint de façon sévère leur champ d’application. Il a, par voie de conséquence, intéressé de nombreux chercheurs dont le but essentiel est de promouvoir le déploiement des agents mobiles en suggérant des approches et des techniques de protection. La réflexion menée dans cette thèse s’inscrit dans le cadre de cette problématique. Elle concerne particulièrement la protection des agents mobiles contre l’analyse de leur code par des intrus. La solution proposée repose sur la confiance inspirée par l’hôte visité et emploie l’adaptabilité dynamique pour déterminer le comportement adéquat de l’agent mobile selon le degré de confiance déduit. Dans cette optique, nous proposons une architecture adaptative pour l’agent mobile qui lui offre la capacité de réagir avec un comportement imprévisible. La sélection de ce comportement de l’agent mobile est essentiellement basée sur son aptitude à estimer le degré de confiance de l’hôte visité, de contrôler l’historique de son comportement et d’exploiter les diverses qualités de service fournies par l’application.Human activities are increasingly based on the use of distant resources and services, and on the interaction between remotely located parties that may know little about each other. Mobile agents are the most suited technology. They must therefore be prepared to execute on different hosts with various environmental security conditions. This paper introduces a trustbased mechanism to improve the security of mobile agents against malicious hosts and to allow their execution in various environments. It is based on the dynamic interaction between the agent and the host. Information collected during the interaction enables generation of an environment key. This key allows then to deduce the host’s trust degree and permits the mobile agent to adapt its execution accordingly to the host trustworthiness, its behavior history and the provided Quality of Service. Adaptive mobile agent architecture is therefore proposed. It endows the mobile agent with the ability to react with an unexpected behavior
Mobile Agent Protection in E-Business Application A Dynamic Adaptability Based Approach
No full textThe applications of mobile agent technology are various and include electronic commerce, personal assistance, parallel processing ... The use of mobile agent paradigm provides several advantages. Unfortunately, it has introduced some problems. Security represents an important issue. Current researches efforts in the area of mobile agent security follow two aspects: (i) protection of the hosts from malicious mobile agents, (ii) protection of the mobile agent from malevolent hosts. This paper focuses on the second point. It deals with the protection of mobile agent from eavesdropping attacks. The proposed approach is based on a dynamic adaptability policy supported by a reflexive architecture. The idea relies on the fact that mobile agent behave differently and in unforeseeable manner during its life cycle. This ability complicates analysis attempts and protects it. In order to show the feasibility of the proposed security strategy, we propose to illustrate it through an e-business application, implemented in Java language using Jade platform.480
الإنتاج العلمي في مجال المكتبات والمعلومات بالجزائر: دراسة تحليلية ببليومترية للكتب - المقالات - رسائل الماجستير والدكتوراه
No full textيتحدث هذا البحث عن الإنتاج العلمي في مجال علم المكتبات و المعلومات بالجزائر شاملا للكتب ، المقالات ، رسائل الدكتوراه و الماجستير ، سواء منها المنجزة بالجزائر ، أو من قبل الجزائرييـن بالخارج ، أو حتى الأعمال العلمية المقدمـة من قبل المؤلفين و المختصين من الخارج حول الجزائر ، و ذلك منذ ظهوره ببلادنا إلى غـاية سنة . 2004 حيث يدور الفصل الأول حول تخصص علم المكتبات بالجزائر ، من ظهوره و بدايـات تدريسه مرورا بأقسام علم المكتبات و مستويات التدريس و البرامج التدريسية ، إضافة إلى طرق و مقومات التدريس . كما تطرقنا إلى الجمعيات المكتبية و مجالات تشغيل المتخرجين و البحوث العلمية في هذا المجال ، و وصولا لمشاكل و آفاق التخصص بالجزائر. أما الفصل الثاني فهو عبارة عن دليل للإنتاج العلمي الجزائري في هذا المجال مسبوقا بقائمة رؤوس الموضوعات المعتمدة في تنظيم المواد المدرجة به . في حين أن الفصل الثالث ، فهو عبارة عن دراسة تحليلية ببليومترية لهذا الإنتاج . و قد ضمت خاتمة الدراسة اقتراح مجموعة من المواضيع على الباحثين لدراستها نظرا لوجود تقصير فيها من قبل المختصين بالجزائرThe subject of this study is the literature of library science in Algeria: Books, Articles, theses of doctorates and magistères, that it is established in Algeria or by Algerians abroad , or even the scientific works worked out by foreign authors and specialists ; and that since his appearance in our country until the year 2004. The first chapter studies the speciality of library science in Algeria, its appearance, its teaching, its levels and his programs, without forgetting the methods of his teaching , like one discussed on librarians associations and his fields of recruitment of promotions , as well as research designed in this fields; and then problems and horizons of the speciality. On the other hand , the second chapter is a guide of the scientific literature of library science in Algeria . And the 3rd chapter is a bibliometric analytical study of occurs. And at the end of studies, there is a proposals for some subjects to study itself by the researchers