ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY
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In Vitro Screening of Antibacterial Properties of Rhus coriaria and Origanum vulgare Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria
Get PDFThis study investigates the antibacterial property of Rhus coriaria (Sumac) and Origanum vulgare (Jatra) aqueous extracts against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27835. Results confirm the resistance of the bacterial isolates against more than three antibiotics. The aqueous extract of R. coriaria showed the highest activity as an inhibitor against tested bacteria, while the aqueous extract of O. vulgare shows low effect against the above mentioned bacteria. MIC for R. coriaria and O. vulgare aqueous extracts were determined for four bacterial isolates. The MIC of O. vulgare against tested bacteria was >12%, while the MIC of R. coriaria was 4% for E. coli, <0.025% for both K. pneumoniae and P. mirabilis and 2% for P. aeruginosa. The phytochemical groups of both plants extract were analyzed; the results indicated both plants contain tannins, phenols and saponins, flavonoid, alkaloid, and phlobatanin. The antimitotic effect of both plants extracts were investigated on Allium cepa, and the extracts showed inhibitory role in the root growth in contrast to the control when grown in the tap water for 5 days. In addition, the 24 hours treatment of grown roots in tap water with both extracts resulted in significant decrease in mitotic index
VOLUME 3, NO 2 (2015)
No full textDear readers, you are holding the fifth issue (Vol III, No 2) of Aro, the Scientific Journal of Koya University in your hand. With this issue Aro has concluded its third year journey in leading the quality of regional scientific publication with global impact. The editorial team is determined to keep the path of such a mission and sustain Aro’s future publications with quality and reliability in mind.Despite the economic downturn which have had a great impact on scientific research and universities our region in particular, Aro has received good numbers of well-motivated quality papers which shows its steadily growing trust among researchers in the region. With increasing demands by volume of submission, Aro’s Associate Editorial has grown larger and our meetings are richer. Our colleagues with great passion are contributing to Aro’s long-term visions.Aro was created with long-term visions of becoming accessible to all researchers in Kurdistan and beyond, and covering a wide range of scholarly disciplines in sciences. The focus of the journal is to reflect that of the Koya University, namely promoting scientific knowledge and research in Kurdistan and secure a brighter future in education. Aro aspires to become a channel for exchange of scholarly research by establishing academic connections between scholars and listed by reliable institutes.Aro is a journal of original scientific research, global news, review paper, letters and commentary. The Aro Scientific Journal is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in areas of natural sciences and technology. In this issue you will have access to genuine research paper in variety of areas, such as petroleum, physics, chemical engineering, biochemistry, engineering and material.Aro is a member of CrossRef, which is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to enable easy identification via dedicated DOI and use of trustworthy electronic content by promoting the cooperative development and application of a sustainable infrastructure. Aro is also has become member and indexed of many organizations, e.g., ICI, ROAD, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, WorldCat, etc. Beside its online publications, Aro has a semi-annual hard copy publication which is available free-of-charge.The warm response from researchers, academics and professionals in the last two years has made us to create a wider Editorial Board which serves the wider submitted scientific manuscripts. However, it is clear that having a dedicated and well organized editorial board for the journal is only one side of the coin. The other is the ability to attract submissions of quality research and scholarly work. We are thankful to all of those who put their trust in Aro and presented their original research work for publication in Vol III, No 2 of the journal, as well as, our thanks are extended to the 13 peer-reviewers from the Universities worldwide for their efforts in reviewing this issue of Aro publications. Your support and feedback are invited and appreciated. Sincerely Wali M. HamadExecutive PublisherDilan M. Rostam, Shwan K. Rachid, Salah I. Yahya and Sarkawt S. AbdulrahmanExecutive Editorial Boar
A Sustainable Paperless Online System (SPOS) for Engineering Quality in Teaching: Koya University as a Case Study
Get PDFRapidly advancing computer based technologies offer many possibilities for innovation in educational and administrative assessment tasks which allow for a reliable real time reporting and feedback process. This paper considers the requirements for teacher assessments to become an accurate and reliable process. As a case study, the challenges of implementing such a system at Koya University have been considered. This paper examines how a paperless online system can support faculties' efforts for improving sustainable quality in learning and up-to-date assessment techniques. The proposed sustainable paperless online system (SPOS) uses Google Applications for Education that have been adopted at Koya university as a communications and collaboration medium to enhance its teaching quality. Such a system may enhance security, transparency and ease of use while consuming less time and resources and promoting green practice. The work throughout this paper explains how the initiative is engineered for achieving and monitoring a better quality in teaching
VOLUME 2, NO 1 (2014)
No full textYou are now holding the 2nd issue of Aro the Scientific Journal of Koya University. Aro is a newly established journal with ambition to become a globally recognized scientific journal with wider local impact. The editorial team is determined to keep the path of such a mission and sustain Aro’s future publication.Aro was created with long-term visions of becoming accessible to all researchers in Kurdistan and beyond, and covering a wide range of scholarly disciplines in sciences. The focus of the journal is to reflect that of the Koya University, namely promoting scientific knowledge and research in Kurdistan. Aro aspires to become a channel for exchange of research by establishing academic connections between scholars.Aro is a journal of original scientific research, global news, and commentary. The Aro Scientific Journal is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in areas of natural sciences and engineering. In this issue you will have access to genuine research paper in variety of areas, such as biochemistry, engineering and material.Aro is a member of CrossRef, which is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to enable easy identification and use of trustworthy electronic content by promoting the cooperative development and application of a sustainable infrastructure. Beside its online publications, Aro has a semi-annual hard copy publication which is available free-of-charge.The warm response from researchers, academics and professionals made our task of creating an editorial Board a relatively easy one. It is clear that having a dedicated and well organized editorial board for the journal is only one side of the coin. The other is the ability to attract submissions of quality research and scholarly work. We are thankful to all of those who put their trust in Aro and presented their original research work for publication in the second issue of the journal, as well as, our thanks are extended to the eleven peer-reviewers from the universities worldwide for their efforts in reviewing Aro publications. Your support and feedback are invited and appreciated. Sincerely, Professor Khidir M. HawramiExecutive Publisher Dilan M. Rostam, Shwan K. Rachid, Salah I. Yahya, Sarkawt S. AbdulrahmanExecutive Editorial Boar
Non-Destructive Method for Estimating Log Volume for Melia Azedarach L. Trees in Erbil-Iraqi Kurdistan Region
Get PDFThe accuracy of four traditional formulas (Smalian, Huber, Bruce and Newton) to calculate log volumes was compared and tested against volumes determined by the water-displacement technique (xylometer). 150 standing trees were measured in a Sami Abd-Alrahman Plantation Park in Erbil governorate on 1 May, 2012. The accuracy of these four procedures was analyzed considering merchantable outside bark volumes of logs of large, mid-and small diameter. The results showed that Newton’s formula was superior for all volumes and log lengths considered. Thus, Newton’s formula could be used in the majority of circumstances for log lengths of Melia azedarach trees. Applying the Newton formula to the tree volumes, DBH and height presented the best fit regression equation which for use in predicting the log volume of Melia azedarach trees in Erbil Governorate
The Effect of Substrate Temperature on the Structural Properties of Spray Pyrolysed Lead Sulphide (PbS) Thin Films
Get PDFLead sulphide (PbS) films were prepared by the chemical spray pyrolysis technique using a solution of Lead nitrate and thiourea. PbS films were deposited (prepared) on glass substrate at varied temperature (250-350 oC). Effects of substrate temperature on the structural characteristics of the films were studied. The X-ray diffraction patterns’ results reveal that the all of PbS films have a face centered cubic structure. The X-ray diffraction study showed that irrespective of substrate temperature all the films exhibits a preferred orientation along the (200) plane. The degree of preferred orientation increased with the substrate temperature. It was observed that the increase of the substrate temperature increase the diffraction peak intensity of (200) plane which resulted in increase in grain size and good crystallinity of the films
Hematological, Biochemical and Blood Lead Level Profile among Gasoline Exposed Station Workers in Sulaimaniya City
Get PDFOccupational exposure to toxic fumes of leaded gasoline has become a major public health concern. These fumes contain tremendous life threatening toxins, which can cause abnormal alterations in the functioning of many vital organs. The current study intended to find out any changes in the hematological and biochemical profile in correlation to the Blood lead levels among individuals occupationally exposed to gasoline and gasoline vapors as a fist line risk group. The mean Blood lead level among gasoline station workers (6.2±5µg/dL), was significantly higher (P=0.017) than controls (2.1 ± 6.4 µg/dL), and there was a significant (P=0.003) increase in Blood lead level (10.6±3.9 µg/dL) of smoking workers compared to non-smoking workers. The latter is above the permitted value for adult individuals. The workers had higher (P=0.01) concentration of hemoglobin (15.9 gm/dL), whereas, other hematological counts were within the normal limits. Serum alkaline phosphatase and uric acid were significantly higher among the workers (338±49.5 and 6.1±1.7) with P-value of (0.0001 and 0.038 respectively), whereas, no statistically significant differences were found among serum alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, creatinine, cholesterol and albumin
Assessment of Some Clay Deposits from Fatha Formation (M. Miocene) for Brick Manufacturing in Koya Area, NE Iraq
Get PDFThis paper deals with the evaluation of physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of claystone sediments of Miocene age (Fatha Formation) and their suitability to use them as raw materials in manufacturing of building clay brick in Kurdistan (Koya city). The study based on the field reconnaissance for three sites of claystones which were selected from three different locations within Fatha Formation in Koya city, includes Haibat-Sultan area, Koya-Sulaimania road and central of Koya city. The clay samples were subjected to particle size distribution, chemical composition, mineralogical analysis, plasticity index and XRD tests. Clay tiles were produced by using Semi-dry method under load 78 kN/mm² and fired at 950 C°. The produced clay tiles were subjected to water absorption, efflorescence, shrinkage and compressive strength tests. The research has shown that the plasticity index depends on the mineral composition of the raw materials. The grain size analysis of raw materials, physical properties and mechanical properties of the produced tiles has shown the suitability of the used raw materials in producing class bricks of class A (first class) according to the requirements of specification of the Iraqi Standard (1993)
Anticipated Impact of In-Car Mobile Calls on the Electromagnetic Interaction of Handset Antenna and Human
Get PDFThis paper investigates the impact of the in-car mobile call on the electromagnetic interaction of the mobile handset antenna and user’s head. This impact was evaluated from two different perspectives; First, the antenna performance, e.g., total isotropic sensitivity and total efficiency, and second, the specific absorption rate (SAR) induced in the user's head. A Yee-FDTD based electromagnetic solver was used to simulate a mobile phone in hand close proximity to head at cheek and tilt positions, and working at a frequency of 1900 MHz (GSM 1900/PCS) while making a call inside a car. A Specific Anthropomorphic Mannequin (SAM) was used to simulate the user’s head, a generic phone was used to simulate the mobile phone, a semi-realistic model with three tissues, i.e., skin, bone and muscle, was used to simulate the user’s hand, and a CAD model of Ferrari F430-brand was used to simulate the car. The results showed a considerable degradation in the mobile phone antenna performance while making a mobile phone call inside a car that may drive the mobile phone increases its radiated power to establish a successful connection with the base-station antenna, and consequently increases the induced specific absorption rate in the user’s head
VOLUME 2, NO 2 (2014)
No full textYou are now holding Vol 2, No 2 of Aro the Scientific Journal of Koya University. Aro is now with the second year of its journey and it will continue to become a globally recognized scientific journal with wider local impact. The editorial team is determined to keep the path of such a mission and sustain Aro’s future publications with quality in mind.Aro was created with a long-term vision of becoming accessible to all researchers in Kurdistan and beyond, and covering a wide range of scholarly disciplines in sciences. The focus of the journal is to reflect that of the Koya University, namely promoting scientific knowledge and research in Kurdistan and secure a brighter future in education. Aro aspires to become a channel for exchange of scholarly research by establishing academic connections between scholars.Aro is a journal of original scientific research, global news, and commentary. The Aro Scientific Journal is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles in areas of natural sciences and technology. In this issue you will have access to genuine research paper in variety of areas, such as biochemistry, engineering and material.Aro is a member of CrossRef, which is a not-for-profit membership association whose mission is to enable easy identification and use of trustworthy electronic content by promoting the cooperative development and application of a sustainable infrastructure. Beside its online publications, Aro has a semi-annual hard copy publication which is available free-of-charge.The warm response from researchers, academics and professionals made our task of creating an editorial board a relatively easy one. It is clear that having a dedicated and well organized editorial board for the journal is only one side of the coin. The other is the ability to attract submissions of quality research and scholarly work. We are thankful to all of those who put their trust in Aro and presented their original research work for publication in Vol 2, No 2 of the journal, as well as, our thanks are extended to the fourteen peer-reviewers from the universities worldwide for their efforts in reviewing this issue of Aro publications. Your support and feedback are invited and appreciated. Sincerely Wali M. HamadExecutive PublisherDilan M. Rostam, Shwan K. Rachid, Salah I. Yahya and Sarkawt S. AbdulrahmanExecutive Editorial Boar