ARO-THE SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF KOYA UNIVERSITY
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Effect of Magnesium Salts on Growth and Production of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)
Get PDFA Randomized Complete Block Design (R.C.B.D.) experiment with three replicates was conducted to investigate the effect of foliar application of magnesium salts on growth, yield components and some inorganic minerals of leaves of garlic (Allium sativum L.) local variety. The salts (MgSO4.7H2O, Mg(NO3)2.6H2O and MgCl2.6H2O) addition to untreated plants as control. The concentration of Mg were used was constant (1.97 g Mg. L-1 which comes from 2% MgSO4.7H2O). The results revealed that vegetative growth of garlic was affected significantly by magnesium salts. Highest number of leaves was found in plants treated with MgCl2, the treatment which gave the lowest plant height, each of MgSO4 and Mg(NO3)2 had the highest shoot dry weight. Foliar spraying with Mg(NO3)2 produced highest shoot dry matter percent and highest percent of leaves Phosphorus leaves content, significantly compared to other treatments. The results showed that spraying plants with Mg(NO3)2 and MgSO4 improved yield components where head diameter , head weight, cloves number per head and bulbs yield were increased. Foliar spray with MgSO4 had a significant effects on head scale thickness, whereas there were non- significant effects between different Magnesium salts spraying on each of clove dry matter and percent of TSS content. This study concluded that spraying plants with MgSO4 or Mg(NO3)2 twice (45 days after planting and a month later) increased garlic yield and yield quality
Assessment of Ballistic Performance for Transparent Material
Get PDFA finite element method was used to investigate the ballistic behavior of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) under impact loading by spherical steel projectile with different ranges of velocities. Three different target thicknesses were used in the experimental and the numerical works. A mathematical model has been used for the ballistic limit based on the experimental results. It has been found that projectile velocity and target thickness play an important role in the ballistic behavior of PMMA. A good agreement was found between the numerical, experimental, and the analytical result
Static Analysis of Steel Fiber Concrete Beam With Heterosis Finite Elements
Get PDFSteel fiber is considered as the most commonly used constructional fibers in concrete structures. The formulation of new nonlinearities to predict the static performance of steel fiber concrete composite structures is considered essential. Present study is devoted to investigate the efficiency of utilizing heterosis finite elements analysis in static analysis of steel fibrous beams. New and simple material nonlinearities are proposed and used in the formulation of these elements. A computer program coded in FORTRAN was developed to perform current finite element static analysis with considering four cases of elements stiffness matrix determination. The results are compared with the experimental data available in literature in terms of central deflections, strains, and failure form, good agreement was found. Suitable outcomes have been observed in present static analysis with using of tangential stiffness matrix and stiffness matrix in second iteration of the load increment
Lead Removal from Agricultural Soil of Kurdistan Region by Fe3O4 Nanoparticles
Get PDFLead toxicity became a major concern worldwide and it is one of the most harmful pollutants in soil and groundwater. Hence, to remove lead from the soil, a high efficient technology with improved materials and system is required. This paper is a study shows removing of lead ions from soil samples, which have been taken from different sites in the Kurdistan Region, and investigated the adsorption of lead ions on high efficient adsorbent Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The magnetite nanoparticles of 27nm were synthesized by using a co-precipitation method and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The adsorption experiments occurred at pH 8.0 under room temperature (25 °C) and the adsorption capacity was 22.8 mg/g which is 4 times higher than that of coarse particles. The correlation is measured between pH and absorbance, pH and concentration, electrical conductivity and concentration of lead ions in agricultural soil. These relationships indicate that the correlation coefficient values of (r = - 0.68, – 0.70 and + 0.83) are statistically significant at (ɑ= 0.05). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.73 mg/L and 2.44 mg/L, respectively
Investigations of Flare Gas Emissions in Taq Taq Oil Field on the Surrounding Land
Get PDFEnvironmental pollution caused by oil takes many different forms; one of the most damaging sources is simply the combustion of oil products, such as a well flare burn-off. This paper presents the results of a survey of the agriculture lands around the Taq Taq Oil Production Company. The aim of the survey was to determine the potential contamination caused by the gas emissions from the well flares. Taq Taq field is located in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, 60 km north of the giant Kirkuk oil field, 85 km south-east of Erbil and 120 km north-west of Suleimani. Samples of soil were collected from several locations around the site and analyzed to determine the content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons PAH present. A gas chromatography linked to a mass spectrometry (GCMS) machine was used for these measurements. The PAH contamination at each location of soil was determined and the 16-PAHs, as listed in the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) documentation were investigated. The average content of total PAH in all samples of the agricultural soil was 0.654 mg·kg-1 with the concentrations ranging from 0.310 to 0.869 mg·kg-1. It was found that the PAH concentrations decreased with increasing distance from the TTOPCO oil field, indicating that pollution was evident, the area close to the field being more affected by the gas pollution
Photon Dose Enhancement Ratio at the Transition Region of Dissimilar Media
Get PDFAccurate measurement was carried out for the dose gradient in Teflon irradiated with filtered X-ray spectra having effective energies of 40 keV and 55 keV when in contact with aluminum, titanium, copper, and tin. At low photon energies, the interface region is only extended for about 10 microns from the interface, therefore, ultra-thin LiF/Teflon discs of the order of 3 microns thick was developed and used to measure directly the dose gradient in Teflon. Due to the relatively large slope of the depth dose curves near the interfaces, a displacement correction factor was introduced to determine the effective measuring point of the detector. A fitting exponential formula is suggested and used to estimate the dose gradient for Bone-Teflon interface. The interface dose for Bone-Teflon is 3.8 times the equilibrium dose at 70 KV, while it is about 3.1 at 100 KV
Tin Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization and Study their Particle Size at Different Current Density
Get PDFTin oxide nanoparticles are prepared by electrochemical reduction method using tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPAB) and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as structure directing agent in an organic medium viz. tetrahydrofuran (THF) and acetonitrile (ACN) in 4:1 ratio by optimizing current density and molar concentration of the ligand. The reduction process takes place under an inert atmosphere of nitrogen over a period of 2 h. Such nanoparticles are prepared by using a simple electrolysis cell in which the sacrificial anode as a commercially available in tin metal sheet and platinum (inert) sheet act as a cathode. The parameters such as current density, solvent polarity, distance between electrodes and concentration of stabilizers are used to control the size of nanoparticles. The synthesized tin oxide nanoparticles are characterized by using UV–Visible, FT-IR and SEM–EDS analysis techniques. UV-Visible spectroscopy has revealed the optical band gap to be 4.13, 4.16 and 4.24 ev for (8, 10 and 12 mA/cm2) and the effect of current density on theirs particle size, respectively
Effects of Seeding Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer on the Productivity of Egyptian Clover
Get PDFoai:oai.aro.koyauniversity.org:article/2The study was carried out to show the effect of different levels of nitrogen fertilizer 0, 20, 40 and 60 kg urea/ha, and two seeding rates 15 and 30 kg/ha. The study was conducted at Bakrajo research field during the winter season 2011-2012 to some growth characteristics of Egyptian clover, such as plant height, dry leaf weight percent, dry stem weight percent, leave stem ratio, fresh yield t/ha, dry yield t/ha and dry matter percent. The experiment was designed as (R.C.B.D). The results can be summarized as follow; significant differences were observed between all three cuts, and the third cut was superior in almost characters especially in the forage yield. The application of 40 and 60 kg urea gave maximum yield. Using 15 kg seeds/ha showed superior value due to fresh yield in compare to 30 kg for all cutting, while the dry yield responded non-significantly to seeding rates
Gender Prediction of Journalists from Writing Style
Get PDFWeb-based Kurdish media have seen a tangible growth in the last few years. There are many factors that have contributed into this rapid growth. These include an easy access to the internet connection, the low price of electronic gadgets and pervasive usage of social networking. The swift development of the Kurdish web-based media imposes new challenges that need to be addressed. For example, a newspaper article published online possesses properties such as author name, gender, age, and nationality among others. Determining one or more of these properties, when ambiguity arises, using computers is an important open research area. In this study the journalist’s gender in web-based Kurdish media determined using computational linguistic and text mining techniques. 75 web-based Kurdish articles used to train artificial model designed to determine the gender of journalists in web-based Kurdish media. Articles were downloaded from four different well known web-based Kurdish newspapers. 61 features were extracted from each article; these features are distinct in discriminating between genders. The Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) artificial neural network is used as a classification technique and the accuracy received were 76%
Structure, Dielectric Properties and AC Behavior of Commercial Polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) Polymer
Get PDFIn this work the relative permittivity (ε''), dielectric loss (ε'') and AC-conductivity for commercial polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) have been measured at different temperatures (20-110°С) and over the frequency range from 10 KHz to 1 MHz. The infrared (IR) spectra of PTFE also been investigated to detect the presence of polar groups and carbon double bonds. The relative permittivity had observed to decrease with increasing frequency and temperature. Some loss peaks were observed in the dielectric loss spectra, which referred to the relaxation, arises from the orientation of unsaturated double (C=C) bond and polar additives. The diameter of the semicircles in Cole-Cole (ε' versus ε'') plots are not coincides with x-axis at different temperature which reveals that the relaxation processes are non-Debye type. The AC-conductivity increases with increasing of frequency and almost independent on the temperature