Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI)
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MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA FROM PGPR PRODUCT DERIVED FROM TEMANGGUNG REGENCY
Get PDFT Phosphate solubilizing bacteria are soil bacteria that can dissolve phosphates from insoluble phosphate bonds so that they can be absorbed by plants. Phosphates in the soil are naturally present in organic and inorganic forms. Both forms are insoluble or slightly soluble forms of phosphate, so their availability for soil biota is very limited. This study aimed to identify the phosphate solubilizing bacteria from locally PGPR product from Temanggung, Indonesia, namely BPF 1. The method in this study was carried out by molecular identification using the 16S rRNA encoding gene which includes bacterial DNA isolation, DNA amplification using PCR, bacterial DNA sequencing and the creation of phylogenetic trees. The results of the study were obtained isolate bacteria solubilizing phosphate BPF 1 from PGPR products of local farmers of Temanggung Regency identified as the genus Bacillus, having the closest kinship with B. subtilis strain SBMP4 (NR_118383.1) with a similarity of 98.42%
OPTIMIZATION OF PRIMARY SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS INDUCTION OFCOCOA (Theobroma cacaoL.) THROUGH THE ADDITION OF PHENOLICCOMPOUNDSUPPRESSANT MATERIALS
No full textSomatic embryogenesis is a propagation technique in which explants form somatic embryos. The percentage of primary somatic embryo formation in cocoa tends to be low due to the significant secretion of phenolic components in flower explants, thereby reducing the conversion rate of explants into embryos. This is indicated by browning that occurs in explants or the culture medium. The purpose of this study was to optimize primary somatic embryogenesis induction in cocoa through the addition of several types of phenolic compound suppressor materials to the culture medium. Staminodia explants were grownon DKW medium with factorial treatment: various phenolic compound suppressing materials (control; 300 mg L-1PVP; 15 mg L-1silver nitrate; 12 mg L-1melatonin; 300 mg L-1ascorbic acid) and cocoa cultivars (MCC-02 and ICCRI-09). The results showed that each material treatment produced a different response in suppressing phenolic compounds in each cultivar. The melatonin treatment resulted in the lowest percentage of browning intensity, which also had the best impact on morphology, callus size, wet weight,and the percentage of live explants
EFFECTS OF SEED COATING USING PLANT-BENEFICIAL MICROBES ON THE GERMINATION OF Centrosema pubescens SEEDS
Get PDFCentrosema pubescens is a legume plant that is commonly used as animal feed, cover crop, and one of the plants used to reclaim critical land. This study was conducted to increase the germination of C. pubescens seeds by coating the seeds using a coating material enriched with a consortium of microbes consisting of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phytohormones-producing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Germination test on control, seed coating, and microbial seed coating was carried out using the top of the sand method for 28 days. Observational data were tested using ANOVA statistics and LSD tests. Results of the research showed the moisture content of the seeds was 12.45%, the purity of the seeds was 95.11% and the weight of 1000 seeds was 23.74 g. The germination test denoted that the number of normal germinated seeds in seed coating and microbial seed coating was significantly different from the control. In addition, dead seeds in microbial seed coating treatment had the lowest value and were significantly different from other treatments. These results indicate that microbial seed coating can increase seed germination and considerably reduce seed death due to seed-borne pathogens
THE APPLICATION OF Fe AND Cr(III) IN GROWING MEDIA AND ITS EFFECT ON PLANT GROWTH AND Cr(III) OXIDATION ON Tagetes erecta
Get PDFThe oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) in the environment has a detrimental impact because it can change the form of non-toxic Cr(III) to Cr(VI), which is toxic to organisms. The study aimed to examine the effect of the application of iron (Fe) and trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) compounds in Tagetes erecta growing media on growth and Cr(III) oxidation. Concentrations of Cr(III) 0, 100, and 500 mg/L and Fe 0, 3, 15, and 30 mg/L were applied to the growing media of T. erecta as the model plant. The growth and accumulation of Cr(VI) in plants were measured to determine the effect of Fe and Cr(III) treatment on growth and Cr(III) oxidation. The accumulation of Cr(VI) in the roots and shoots of T. erecta increased significantly due to the addition of Fe in the growing media treated with Cr(III). The highest accumulation of Cr(VI) in the roots and shoots of T. erecta found in the treatment of Cr(III) 500 mg/L and Fe 30 mg/L, were respectively 0.092 g/L and 0.070 g/L. The addition of Fe in growing media containing Cr(III) increased plant height, root length, and shoot dry weight but decreased leaf number and root dry weight. T. erecta root biomass was more affected by the toxic impact of Fe than Cr(III). On the other hand, the inhibition of leaf formation was caused by the toxic effect of Cr(III) rather than Fe
GENETIC MUTATION INDUCTION OF Monstera adansonii ON VARIOUS MUTAGENS BY DRIPS APPLICATION
Get PDFMonstera adansonii has wide leaves with a split pattern on its strands (split leaf), smooth and shiny to create a basic visualization (background filler) in flower arrangements. This study aims to obtain genetic changes using chemical mutagens. Chemical mutagens used were 250 ppm EMS, 400 and 800 ppm streptomycin, 400 and 800 ppm GA3. The observations were performed after treatments on the parameter of amount of chlorophyll, stomata and leaf color changes. The results showed that both streptomycin treatments significantly reduced the plant height and the number of leaves. The application of streptomycin in high concentration (800 ppm) decreased the total amount of chlorophyll content in the leaves and changed the color as well as the shape of the Monstera leaves. All chemical mutagen treatments had no effect on stomatal density and stomatal area. The changes in leaf color and shape occurred in the high concentration of 800 ppm streptomycin treatment, could not detected by SSR marker
OPTIMIZATION OF Agrobacterium-MEDIATED GENETIC TRANSFORMATION OF oshox4 GENE IN SATOIMO TARO (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum)
Get PDFSatoimo (Colocasia esculenta var. antiquorum) can be considered as an alternative food to support food diversification. The aim of this research was to obtain an optimum condition of the genetic transformation method of Satoimo taro through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation using binary vector harboring gene construct of oshox4 and hpt gene as a selectable marker to produce transgenic plants. Plant materials that were used in this study were meristem, root, leaf, petiole, and basal stem. Transformation procedures were carried out using three different co-cultivation periods (1, 2, and 3 days) and different optical densities of A. tumefaciens cells (0,5 and 0,7). Furthermore, callus induction was performed on MS medium containing 2.4-D, cefotaxime, hygromycin and then regenerated on MS medium containing thidiazuron and hygromycin. The putative transgenic plantlets were selected on MS medium containing hygromycin and analyzed using PCR. The results showed that putative transgenic plants derived from the basal stem could survive on a selection medium containing hygromycin and based on PCR analysis some of them contained the oshox4 and hpt genes
INHIBITORY ACTIVITY OF INDONESIAN MICROBIAL EXTRACTS AGAINST PROLIFERATION OF DLD-1 COLORECTAL CANCER CELL LINE
Get PDFColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest cancer in the world. Several anti-cancer agents are currently used for the clinical treatment of CRC. However, toxicity and drug resistance pose significant challenges in CRC chemotherapy. On the other hand, microbe-derived natural products have been explored as a source for the development of anti-cancer therapeutic agents. This study aimed to examine the potential of the microbial library in BioMCC (Biotech Center-BPPT Microbial Culture Collection) as a source for anti-cancer drug discovery. Among the 720 fungal extracts tested, 60 extracts (8.3%) showed inhibitory activity against the proliferation of the colorectal carcinoma DLD-1 cell line, while not affecting Vero cells (African green monkey kidney normal cell line). One of these active extracts was derived from the fungus Sporothrix sp. BioMCC-f.T.7716. Although the inhibitory mechanism of this extract against the proliferation of the DLD-1 cell line could not be determined, this study clearly demonstrated the potential use of Indonesian microbial extracts as a source for the discovery of anti-cancer agents
OPTIMIZATION OF ENZYME-MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POLYSACCHARIDE FROM Ganoderma lucidum
Get PDFEnzyme-Microwave Assisted Extraction (EMAE) is a new process for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs). Cellic® CTec2 was chosen as an enzyme that assists in microwave extraction. The four variables involved in this study were enzyme concentration (%), enzymatic reaction time (minutes), solvent-to-solid ratio (mL/g), and microwave extraction time (minutes). This study showed that the enzyme concentration and solvent-to-solid ratio had a significant effect on the response in the range studied. Yield extraction of polysaccharides from experiments conducted at optimum conditions showed good agreement with the predictions from the model. The EMAE method showed a higher polysaccharide extraction yield than hot water extraction (HWE) method. GLPs from EMAE method had antioxidant activity of 79.47 ± 0.71% (DPPH) and 0.884 ± 0.013 mM Fe2+/L (FRAP), where these values were higher than those of the HWE method
UTILIZATION OF SAGO DREGS AS RUMINANT FEED BY USING THE FERMENTATION METHOD: LITERATURE REVIEW
Get PDFEvery year there is a change in the stock of ruminant feed that occurs in the rainy season and water shortages in the dry season. Utilization of agricultural waste as an alternative feed is one way to overcome these problems. One of the wastes that have the potential to be used as feed ingredients is sago waste. Sago pulp is a waste that is rich in lignocellulose, namely cellulose. Several biotechnology applications in ruminant feed fermentation can improve properties such as taste, aroma, shelf life, texture and nutritional value of food. Fermentation using mold or yeast, as well as bacteria or a mixture of various microorganisms can increase the nutrients in the feed needed by ruminant feed. Processing of lignocellulosic materials is required to obtain optimal degradation results. The degradation process will convert lignocellulosic material into raw materials that are easily digested by the ruminant. Enzymes produced by microorganisms can increase crude protein, crude fat, carbohydrates, crude fiber, vitamins and minerals. Thus, the fermentation method of sago dregs and its use as feed can increase the nutritional value, so that productivity can be increased when given as feed
CONCEPTION RATE OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION OF BALI CATTLE ON DIFFERENT SEMEN DEPOSITIONS
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the pregnancy rate resulting from artificial insemination of Bali cattle with different semen depositions. The research method used was a field experiment with three treatments: semen deposition at positions 3, 4, and 4+ (right side/dexter side). Pregnancy rate data were evaluated through Non-Return Rate (NRR1 and NRR2), Service per Conception (S/C), and Conception Rate (CR). The study was conducted on 120 Bali cattle in Bulukumba District, South Sulawesi. The results showed an increase in NRR in semen deposition 3, 4, and 4+ during the observation period of NRR 31 – 60. Although some breeders reported arousal symptoms late, the increase in NRR indicates a good understanding of arousal detection. Semen deposition at position 3 produces the lowest NRR, which can be caused by reproductive function abnormalities, silent heat, endometritis, or late reporting by farmers. The results of the S/C evaluation showed the lowest value and the highest of CR at semen deposition 4, which means that the semen deposition was closer to the fertilization site. Semen deposition at positions 4+ on dexter side althrough closer to the fertilization site was lower results of CR than posisition 4, because sperma only toward in right tubafolopii. The effectiveness of AI is significantly impacted by accurately detecting and timing the insemination process based on the ovulation period. This study provides important information regarding AI techniques in Bali cattle that can be used to increase the population and genetic quality of beef cattle in Indonesia