International Journal of Integrated Engineering
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Analysis of Fractures and Microstructures on Different Injection Speeds in High-Pressure Die-Casting Magnesium Alloy
Get PDFIn this study, to clarify the unknown physical properties of the Mg-Al-Th-RE alloy, the relationship between the injection conditions and the internal porosities, and the mechanical properties exerted by the solidification microstructure was investigated. The obtained cast samples were investigated using X-ray CT internal measurements, tensile tests, Vickers hardness tests, and solidification microstructure observations. The tensile strength and the elongation at the injection speed of 5.0 m/s were higher than at 2.0 m/s. The number of porosities affected the tensile strength and the elongation even at the same fracture position. In addition, it was confirmed that segregation affected the destruction smaller the porosity size and the greater the variability of porosity. As the injection speed increased, the amount of heat transferred between the molten metal and the wall surface also increased, resulting in quick freezing and solidification. The tensile strength increased at the injection speed of 5.0 m/s because the interface between the scattered primary crystals and eutectic systems was narrow. On the other hand, at the injection speed of 2.0 m/s, the tensile strength decreased because the molten metal was delayed in solidification and dendrite growth became remarkable
Evaluation of End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling in India: A Techno-Socio-Economic Analysis
Get PDFIn light of the rapidly advancing Indian automotive sector, the issue of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) has emerged as a matter of significant concern. Particularly critical aspects encompass recycling procedures, environmental impacts, and social implications. With the inevitable proliferation of ELVs anticipated in the next decade, the imperative for effective and sustainable ELV management becomes paramount, necessitating a comprehensive analysis of India\u27s burgeoning ELV recycling landscape. The present study endeavors to scrutinize India\u27s ELV recycling system from technological, social, and economic perspectives, constituting a preliminary step toward a judicious evaluation of sustainability in ELV recycling and performing a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis to appraise India\u27s ELV recycling framework comprehensively. Furthermore, the ensuing recommendations shall furnish invaluable insights for the development and implementation of forthcoming regulatory and legal frameworks that adequately incorporate the economic, social, environmental, and technological aspects of ELV recycling in India. To accomplish this endeavor, the study has diligently conducted in-depth interviews with pertinent stakeholders, undertaken rigorous field investigations, and administered comprehensive surveys. Additionally, an exhaustive examination of the existing literature has been undertaken to probe the current ELV recycling system, address lingering challenges, and proffer recommendations to elevate the ELV recycling infrastructure. The outcomes of this study may assist in developing deeper comprehension of India\u27s ELV recycling system while furnishing pragmatic recommendations to fortify its efficacy
Numerical Simulation of Different Splitter Angles of a Pelton Bucket to Increase the Power Generated by The Pelton Wheel
Get PDFThe efficiency of a Pelton turbine depends mostly on its geometry. A design with suitable dimensions, offers higher generation of energy. However, some of these dimensions are underappreciated because of their low influence. Therefore, this study presents through a recompilation of data, the simulation was developed in ANSYS 19®. The importance of taking in count each parameter of the geometry of a Pelton bucket, analysing in this work the influence of the splitter angle in the force generated by a bucket. Nine geometries of a Pelton bucket are developed with splitter angles between 17 and 25°. The most suitable angle is determined, finding through the simulations that the geometry of 23° generates more force than other geometries. Simplifying the geometry and the mesh can generate faster results, however, exaggerating in the meshing process will affect the reliability of the obtained results
The Effect of Laying Nozzle Distance Position on Operational Results Renewable Power Plant Pico-Hydro
Get PDFNew and renewable energy sources today and in the future are human needs that need to be sought and explored from all existing nature, especially in countries with many sources of application, such as Indonesia. Indonesia is an archipelago country that has a vast nature with abundant alternative energy sources such as river flow, irrigation which can be used as a source of energy for pico-hydro power plant. The purpose of this study was to determine the performance of pico-hydro with a test model for the position of nozzle position mounted on the pico-hydro using screw Archimedes turbine. The research method is carried out by direct experimentation from a tool that has been made using water fluid that is circulated continuously as if in actual operating conditions. The results of this research show that the positioning of the nozzle distance as the water output to drive the turbine blades affect operational results obtained. The farther distance from nozzle position to thread, the power and rotation also decrease, on the other hand, if nozzle is too close, the water sprayed by nozzle causes a back force of water so that the results are not optimal. In this research, the greatest power is generated at a nozzle distance of 4 cm, which is 230 Watt at a flow rate of 24 m3/h, and the lowest power is obtained at 44 Watt at flow rate of 2 m3/h where this position is ideal for pico-hydro installation. The best turbine shaft rotation in this study was produced at a nozzle distance of 4 cm which is 195 rpm, in this condition the spray of water flowing out of the tip of the nozzle towards the screw blade of the first part of the turbine which hits the sidelines of the screw occurs without resistance
Grey Based Taguchi Optimization Method for Abrasive Wear Appraisal of Fibre-Reinforced PTFE Composites
Get PDF The current study is aimed at optimizing the abrasive wear property of fibre reinforced polytetraflouroethylene (PTFE) composites. The test was contrived based on Taguchi L9 orthogonal array for the optimization of test trials. To appraise the abrasive wear trend of the PTFE based composites satisfying multi-objective criteria, Taguchi method combined with grey relational analysis (GRA) has been used. Abrasive wear test was performed using pin-on-disc configuration as per ASTM G99 standard involving four process parameters. Analysis of variance was used to establish significant parameters which influence the abrasive wear of PTFE composites. Observation revealed that grit size has the most significant effect on abrasive wear of reinforced PTFE composites. After exhaustive investigation of parameters, optimum combination of parameters was established. Linear regression model was built to predict the optimized conditions. The model as well as the optimum parameter values could be used by the abrasion industries for reduction in the time and cost expanded on wear test thus increasing productivity
Evaluating The Effects of Signal Control Applications on Roundabout’s LOS Performance Using VISSIM Microsimulation Model
Get PDFThe existence of unbalanced and high traffic flows at roundabout have resulted in poor performance and safety concerns. Past research has shown that applications of signal control at problematic roundabouts had significantly improved its Level of Service (LOS) performance. This study investigates the effects of different signal phasing plans on the roundabout’s LOS performance using VISSIM microsimulation model. The findings revealed that both Approach-Signal-Control Roundabout ACSR and Two-Stop-Line Control Signalized Roundabout TSLSR signal phasing methods did not significantly improve the roundabout’s entry capacities. Partial signal control applications, however, have resulted in a significant reduction in vehicle delays and higher entry capacities. The results of this study provide a good overview to local traffic practitioners on how to evaluate and implement the signal control strategy at problematic roundabouts.
 
Optimization of Rheology Parameters for Feedstock by Powder Injection Molding (PIM) Via Taguchi Analysis
Get PDFThe most critical process in the powder injection molding method is determining the powder/binder rate and its properties. The most important feature that distinguishes the powder injection molding method from other powder metallurgy production methods is its advantage in producing high raw density and complex shaped parts. However, providing these advantages includes a multi-parameter process that directly affects the injection molding parameters and the final part\u27s mechanical properties. In addition, the difficulty of experimental studies causes energy, time, and cost losses in determining the powder/binder rate and rheological properties of the feedstock so that the advantages of the method turn into a manageable disadvantage. This study performed rheology studies for three different feedstocks (PW/CW/SA, PW/PE/SA, and PEG8000/PP/SA). In this context, this paper determined the rheological properties of different feedstocks to take advantage of the Taguchi analysis. Flow behavior index, viscosity and optimum loading rates were determined separately for all feedstocks. The results exhibited the injection molding can be done with the determined best (58% steatite+PEG8000/PP/SA) F3 feedstock by volume. Based on it was found that viscosity and melt flow index were not a problem for injection molding in three different feedstocks used in the result, advantages and disadvantages were observed
Conceptual Design of Smart Network Adaptive Traffic Light in Creating Low-Carbon City
Get PDFThe research led to the development of a smart sensory network adaptive traffic light to optimise traffic flow and reduce congestion on Jalan Persisiran Seri Alam in Pasir Gudang. This system, with variable time management, can reduce the time spent at traffic junctions and the carbon emitted by vehicles, thus supporting the SDG 11 for low carbon smart city. By integrating the dynamic duration of each traffic signal on each dense pathway, this system can help reduce traffic congestion, fuel consumption, and CO2 emissions. It can also ensure that traffic is managed in a more efficient manner, thus improving the quality of life for the people of Pasir Gudang. The success of this system will be a major step towards achieving the goal of a low carbon smart city, as it will help to reduce air pollution, noise pollution and improve road safety. Additionally, it can help to improve the efficiency of traffic flow, leading to better traffic management and reduced congestion
Evaluation of Mangroves Effectiveness in Strengthening Coastal Bund Using Geophysical Method (Non-Destructive Testing) at Tanjong Laboh, Batu Pahat, Johor
Get PDFIn recent years, mangrove forests have rapidly become an endangered ecosystem in the world. On the coastal shorelines, the saltwater intrusion (SI) phenomenon is a main concern that can affect the quality of water. The saltwater intrusion might occur due to sea level rise, and extreme natural disasters along with changes in mangrove ecosystem distribution. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of mangroves for strengthening coastal bunds in Tanjong Laboh, Batu Pahat, Johor. By using the non-destructive geophysical method, the presence of saltwater intrusion and subsurface profile of the survey line in the coastal area with and without mangroves was determined. The coastal bund conditions with and without mangroves were also compared in order to evaluate how the mangrove forest acts as coastal protection. The result shows that the resistivity values of 0.1 to 1.0 ohm.m are more dominant in the mangrove bund area than in the engineered coastal bund and rock outcrop areas. The saltwater intrusion integrity map was produced from the 2D subsurface image profiles for both survey lines. The comparison of the coastal bund conditions for two different scenarios, which with and without mangroves, has shown that the coastal bund without the mangroves experienced cracking and erosion compared to the coastal bund with the presence of mangroves. This indicates the importance of mangroves in protecting the coastal regions
Intensity Stability Comparison Between Different Colors of Laser Pointer
Get PDFDifferent source of light can be used as a main light source in an open path optical method. Sunlight, tungsten lamp, LED, laser, mercury vapor lamp and halogen are the example of the light source. It is important to test the stability of the light source used to avoid inaccuracy in the measurement. The purpose of this project is to determine which color of laser has higher stability. Once the light is switched on, the intensity of the light source changes slowly until it comes to a stable state. Each color has different counts of intensity and stability. Different set of laser pointer is used in this project which included blue, violet, red and green color. An open path optical method is used in the experiment. A different color of laser pointer will be used as a light source while spectrometer will act as a detector. The stability for each color of laser pointer is reported in this paper