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THE IMPACT OF THE DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE ON FUEL PRICES IN MYANMAR
No full textThis study aims to investigate the dynamic relationship between the US dollar exchange rate and domestic fuel prices in Myanmar, focusing on major fuel types such as diesel,premium diesel, and petrol. Understanding these relationships is crucial for assessing how exchange rate fluctuations influence fuel prices and for informing effective policy measures to stabilize the market and control inflationary pressures. The study employs a combination of descriptive and advanced econometric techniques. Initially, descriptive statistical analysis is conducted to summarize the data characteristics. For time series
analysis, unit root tests—including Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF), Phillips-Perron (PP), Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin (KPSS), and Seasonal Unit Root (HEGY) tests—are applied to assess stationarity. Johansen cointegration tests are used to detect long-run equilibrium relationships among variables. To analyze both short-run and long-run dynamics, Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Models (VECM) are employed. Additionally, Granger causality tests, Impulse Response Functions (IRF), and Variance Decomposition (VDC) analyses are performed to explore causal directions and the impact of shocks over time. Diagnostic tests such as the CUSUM test ensure model stability and reliability. This study provides evidence of significant long-run and short-run relationships between the US dollar exchange rate and various fuel prices in Myanmar. Exchange rate fluctuations have a strong impact on fuel prices, with diesel prices found to be more sensitive compared to premium diesel. The research confirms the existence of stable equilibrium relationships and dynamic market adjustments. It contributes to the literature by offering empirical evidence on exchange rate pass-through effects in Myanmar’s fuel market. Moreover, it provides important policy recommendations for stabilizing prices and managing currency risks. The study
emphasizes the critical need for sustainable policies that balance exchange rate stability with fuel price control. Enhancing foreign currency management and reforming subsidy systems are essential to mitigate inflationary pressures and protect consumers.Furthermore, political stability is highlighted as a key factor, as political unrest can hinder economic growth; thus, political reforms are necessary to promote sustainable economic development
IMPACT OF RURAL ROADS INFRASTRUCTURE ON THE INCOME AND PRODUCTIVITY OF HOUSEHOLD'S FARMERS IN PIN LEIN VILLAGE, PYIN OO LWIN TOWNSHIP
No full textRural road infrastructure is a critical determinant of agricultural productivity and household income. This paper examines how rural road quality and accessibility influence farm productivity, market access, and income levels among smallholder farmers. The objective of the research is to explore the impact of rural road infrastructure on the productivity and income of household farmers in Pin Lein village, Pyin Oo Lwin township. The sample of 210 households is collected by sample survey with a random sampling method by using personal interviews with structured questionnaires. The study
used the descriptive method and multiple regression analysis based on primary data. This paper found that the rural road infrastructure factor is related to agricultural productivity and household income development. The factor that most contributed to the promotion of rural development in this study. The construction and upgrading of rural roads have increased income, increased school attendance, easier access to health care services, and
increased the agricultural production. The social factor is the most influential factor for increasing the income of residents. The productivity, road infrastructure factor, education factors are also influencing income development. Investments in rural road infrastructure significantly enhance agricultural productivity and household welfare. This study recommends increasing the government budget for rural road construction and seeking
more funding from other donors. Safety awareness workshops and environmental maintenance workshops should be provided to the community on a regular basis
OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM IN KYAUKPADAUNG TOWNSHIP
No full textThis Study aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges related to the water supply in Kyaukpadaung Township. This survey was conducted with 389 households, representing a sample of the total households of seven villages. The data was collected using simple random sampling and analyzed with multiple linear regression, incorporating both primary and secondary data. The analysis revealed many strengths in the water supply's infrastructure, with most residents satisfied with the overall condition of the system, including its current volume, storage, and pollution prevention measures. However, the main challenge was a lack of adequate staffing. Despite this, the safety of water sources and the operation of treatment plants were rated as good. To improve the system, it's recommended that efforts focus on strengthening community participation in projects and implementing clearer, more effective water conservation guidelines. A comprehensive approach is necessary, encompassing the systematic upgrade of aging infrastructure, promoting water conservation education, and adopting a multi-pronged strategy for financial sustainability. Furthermore, it's crucial to invest in extensive training for maintenance staff and ensure continuous professional development for all water supply personnel
THE IMPACT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON THUKHA WADDY PUBLIC RENTAL HOUSING IN NAYPYITAW (CASE STUDY– THUKHA WADDY PUBLIC RENTAL HOUSING)
No full textThe impact of socio-economic factors on Thukha Waddy public rental housing in Naypyitaw aims to study the implementation of the public rental housing project in Myanmar and to analyze the influencing factors affecting the community preference of Thukha Waddy Public Rental Housing, Naypyitaw. This study identifies main factors influencing household satisfaction, including environmental characteristics, social factors, economic factors, structure types, and housing conditions. The study employs a descriptive method and multiple regression, utilizing both primary and secondary data. The study used a simple random sampling method by collecting data from 284 sample respondents. Findings show that economic factors and housing conditions significantly influence community preference, while environmental and social factors show lesser impact. The study recommends that the government should support the development of public rental housing with new housing policies, programs, and strategies to address the housing needs of people and should provide residents with satisfaction in public rental housing
THE IMPACT OF FOOD AND SERVICE QUALITIES ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION OF SU NGE TEA HOUSE IN SAGAING
No full textThis paper aims to analyze the impact of food and service qualities of Su Nge Tea House in Sagaing. In this study, every fifth customer is selected from the total population list by using systematic sampling method, with the starting point determined randomly to uphold fairness and objectivity. Data are collected in March 2025, with research activities conducted every Saturday and Sunday. When respondents are randomly selected, the first respondent is 3rd person, the second respondent is 8th person and so on. Finally, the total of 150 respondents are received. In order to carry out the objectives, both primary and secondary data are used. This study uses the descriptive research method, reliability analysis and multiple regression analysis. Customer satisfaction is measured with four factors namely food quality, service quality, price and location. In this research, food quality, price and location are the strongest significant
at 1% level. But service quality is not significant. Therefore, the management should provide training with service and empowerment for staff to resolve minor issues. And the tea house should perform regular staff training on hygiene protocols, standardized cleaning schedules, regular checks of uniforms and serving areas
FACTORS INFLUENCING ON CONSUMERS’ BUYING DECISION OF INSTANT COFFEE MIX IN SAGAING UNIVERSITIES
No full textThe rapid growth of coffee shops in recent years has made competition fiercer. Consumer behavior in decision-making is influenced by several factors including product, price, place, promotion and social factors. This study analyzed the factors influencing (product, price, place, promotion and social factor) on consumers’ buying decisions of instant coffee in Sagaing University. This research used a quantitative approach with a questionnaire as the method of collecting data. There was a sample of 150 respondents. Cluster sampling method was used to collect data from the two universities’ employees among five Universities in Sagaing City. Data analysis was
through descriptive statistics, reliability test, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression by using SPSS. According to the correlation analysis, product, price, place, promotion and social factors are significantly positive relationship with consumers’ buying decisions. As a results of multiple regression analysis, the most influence factor on consumers’ buying decision is place. And the second influential factor is promotion and the third is social factors. But product and price are not significant. So, they are not influence on consumers’ buying decision
THE STUDY ON THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION AND FIRM PERFORMANCE OF SMEs IN NAY PYI TAW
No full textThis study investigates the association between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in food manufacturing firm in Nay Pyi Taw. The objective of this study is to identify the entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and to analyze the effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the firm performance of SMEs in Nay Pyi Taw. A structured questionnaire was distributed to a sample of SMEs owners and managers in Nay Pyi Taw. Primary data and secondary data are used in this study. The primary data are collected, through a structured questionnaire with a seven-point Likert scale, from 149 SMEs owners in 3 townships who are selected by using cluster sampling method. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate that the entrepreneurial orientation dimensions of autonomy, risk-taking and innovativeness have positive and significant effects on firm performance. SMEs in Nay Pyi Taw should focus their strategic efforts on enhancing autonomy, encouraging calculated risk-taking, and fostering innovativeness. They should be cautious about overemphasizing pro-activeness and competitive aggressiveness unless these behaviors are well aligned with internal capacities and market realities
The Implication of Philosophical Theories in Today World
Full text linkThe relationship between theoretical and applied philosophy and their implications were studied.
The aim of this paper is to gain an understand of how philosophy can effectively steer the
complexities of contemporary challenges. The evaluative and synthesis methods were used in this
research. It examines into the dynamic interplay that exists when philosophical theories are
applied to real- world situations, transcending the traditional contrast between pure thought and
practical applications, fostering a holistic approach to philosophical inquiry. This paper advocates
for an integrated and balanced philosophical framework that recognizes the inseparable
relationship between theory and application in the pursuit of wisdom and meaningful social
impact
Factors Influencing Consumer Purchase Decision of Fire Insurance Policy at KBZMS General Insurance Co.,Ltd (Nyein Pyae Ko, 2025)
Full text linkThis study examines the factors influencing consumer purchase decisions of fire
insurance policy at KBZMS General Insurance Co., Ltd. The study framework
encompasses brand image, service quality, price, location, and promotion activities as
the influencing factors. A quantitative research method is adopted in this study. And
primary data is collected from a sample of 141 respondents who purchased a fire
insurance policy at KBZMS General Insurance Co., Ltd. (Lashio branch), and selected
by the simple random sampling method. According to the descriptive statistics results,
the study found that price activities by KBZMS had the highest mean value, followed
by promotion, location, brand image, and service quality activities. The study also
found that brand image, service quality, price, location, and promotion activities are
statistically strongly related to the purchase decision of fire insurance policy at
KBZMS. Additionally, multiple regression analysis showed that price, service quality,
brand image, location, and promotion statistically significantly influence the purchase
decision of fire insurance policy at KBZMS. Among these factors, price has the highest
influence on the purchase decision, followed by brand image, location, promotion, and
service quality. Therefore, KBZMS should maintain its flexible payment options to
increase affordability for policyholders. Moreover, KBZMS should offer attractive
discounts to policyholders who pay their premiums before a certain date. This can help
insurers improve cash flow while also giving customers an incentive to pay early
A Study of Compound Nouns in the Names of Traditional Cuisines in Myanmar
Full text link"Many important components in language can be explored through the study of morphological process. The study of morphological process includes the study of neologism, morphemes, affixes and the structure of words. This paper focuses on the study of compound nouns in the names of traditional cuisines in Myanmar in terms of morphological process. The objectives are to identify the structure of compound nouns in the traditional cuisine names, to explore unit modifiers, to classify types of compound nouns used in traditional cuisine names and to present a list of traditional cuisine names of Many important components in language can be explored through the study of morphological process. The study of morphological process includes the study of neologism, morphemes, affixes and the structure of words. This paper focuses on the study of compound nouns in the names of traditional cuisines in Myanmar in terms of
morphological process. The objectives are to identify the structure of compound nouns in the traditional cuisine names, to explore unit modifiers, to classify types of compound
nouns used in traditional cuisine names and to present a list of traditional cuisine names of ethnic groups in Myanmar. The data were collected from 9 hotels and 3 restaurants in
Naypyitaw. The data were analyzed by using the theories proposed by Delahunty & Garvey
(2010) and Lieber. (2009). The results showed that most of the cuisine names were composed of compound nouns. It was found that traditional cuisine names in Myanmar are comprised of endocentric compounds, exocentric compounds, and coordinative compounds. Based on the results, the study can highlight what types of structures are used in the names of traditional cuisines and give a collection of the list of traditional cuisine
names by eight major ethnic groups in Myanmar.