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Process of Organizational Governance Maturity Model of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus in Realizing Good Government in Sorong City
No full textThe organizational governance maturity model is used to measure the extent to which organizational governance is effectively implemented. This approach is important to be adapted in public sector organizations without exception to the Government Internal Audit Apparatus (APIP) organization, which has the main function of supervision to realize good governance. This research aims to explain the process of organizational governance maturity of the Government Internal Audit Apparatus in realizing good governance in Sorong City. This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection methods include observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data sources consist of primary and secondary data, while data analysis is carried out by stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The informants in this study were the Government Internal Audit Apparatus. The results of this study indicate that Sorong City APIP carries out the risk management process by identifying, analyzing, and responding to potential risks based on Sorong Mayor Regulation Number 8 concerning Risk management guidelines. In internal control, policies, audits, and SOPs are applied to prevent and detect irregularities. Code of ethics, such as integrity, objectivity, and professionalism, are implemented to maintain ethical standards. Vertical and horizontal communication is utilized in apparatus performance evaluation. Cooperation is established both internally between APIP units and externally with auditors, legislators, and executives. Constraints such as limited human resources and coordination are challenges, but the support of commitment and regulations strengthens synergy. In reporting, APIP seeks to convey governance and risk information in an integrative manner to stakeholders through periodic reports and strategic communication forums
Mobilization of Actors and Precipitating Factors in the Implementation of Affirmative Policies for the Economic Advancement of Indigenous Papuan Communities in Sorong City
No full textCollective action refers to the concept of relationships among members within a network who depend on each other’s resources. Field realities indicate that the economic conditions of the indigenous Papuan communities remain underdeveloped and require serious attention from the government. Based on this, the study aims to examine the role of trust and participation in the implementation of affirmative policies intended to promote economic improvement for indigenous Papuan communities in Sorong City. This study employs a qualitative approach, using data collection techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data used includes both primary and secondary sources, and it is analyzed using an interactive method. Informants in this study consist of key actors who are directly involved in the implementation of the affirmative policy. The findings of this study show that actor mobilization is carried out by the local government by involving traditional leaders, the Papuan People’s Assembly (MRP), and Papuan community groups in deliberative forums related to affirmative-based economic improvement policies. The identified precipitating factors include social pressure, economic disparities, and the push from special autonomy policies. The interactions among actors in the policy process further strengthen the formation of a policy network as a manifestation of collective action. However, the effectiveness of policy implementation in the field still faces obstacles such as capacity imbalances among actors and weak coordination among the involved parties
Process and Outcomes of Collaborative Governance in Poverty Alleviation in Southwest Papua Province
No full textPoverty is a major problem faced by the Government of Southwest Papua Province, which has the highest poverty rate in Indonesia. This research aims to analyze collaborative governance in poverty alleviation in Southwest Papua Province for which a qualitative approach was used. Data collection methods included observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data sources consisted of primary and secondary data, while data analysis was conducted using the interactive method. The informants in this research are stakeholders who are directly involved in poverty alleviation policies in Southwest Papua Province. Based on the results, it was found that poverty alleviation was intervened by many Regional Device Organization (OPDs). Furthermore, the various OPDs were members of the Regional Poverty Reduction Acceleration Team (TKPKD). So far, poverty alleviation in West Papua Province has not optimally reduced the poverty rate. The main problems faced are related to the collaboration process between OPDs, including face-to-face dialogue that is not carried out regularly and periodically, so that synergy and mutual understanding between TKPKD members have not been well formed. In addition, TKPKD’s commitment has not been accompanied by joint action in implementing poverty alleviation programs, and its form is often still limited to verbal statements. As for the outcome, there has been a decrease in the percentage of the poverty rate, but the decrease is still above the average percentage of the national poverty rate
Strategic Management in Investment Enhancement Governance in Central Mamuju Regency
No full textRegional investment is a key factor in efforts to improve regional development. This study aims to analyze strategic management in the governance of increasing investment in Central Mamuju Regency. The research method uses qualitative studies. Research informants comprise various stakeholders involved in investment management in Central Mamuju Regency. Data collection consists of observation, in-depth interviews, and document searches. Data sources include primary and secondary data. The study results show that local governments face various challenges, such as limited capacity and quantity of human resources, the absence of regional regulations related to investment, and suboptimal cross-sector coordination. Basic infrastructure such as roads, clean water, and telecommunication networks remain the obstacles affecting investment attractiveness. In addition, the lack of micro-investment data, the potential for agrarian conflicts, and the risk of natural disasters also hamper the investment climate. The implementation of the strategy has not been fully integrated with regional development policies. The minimal involvement of the private sector and the community, as well as the absence of comprehensive evaluation instruments, are challenges in ensuring the sustainability of investment strategies. Evaluation based on performance indicators such as the human capital index, SPBE, and regional competitiveness index are the first steps to improve investment governance in the future. This study recommends the importance of strengthening institutions, digitalizing services, and cross-sector collaboration in creating a sustainable investment climate in Central Mamuju
Governance Dynamics in Carbon Taxes and Sustainability: A Global Review of Scientific Literature
No full textThis study aims to explore the governance dynamics surrounding carbon taxes and their integration with sustainability goals, examining the evolution of scientific literature over the last two decades. Carbon taxes, as a policy tool for mitigating climate change, have gained prominence globally, with numerous countries adopting or planning to implement them as a strategy for reducing carbon emissions. This research employs a bibliometric approach, analyzing 156 peer-reviewed articles published between 2005 and 2025, sourced from the Scopus database. Using advanced bibliometric software, VOS-viewer and Biblio-metrics, the study map’s key themes, such as the economic implications of carbon taxes, emission reductions, and the intersection between carbon tax policies and sustainability frameworks. The findings reveal an increasing academic interest in carbon taxation, particularly post-2017, with significant contributions from nations such as China, the United States, and several European countries. These studies have identified both the potential and the challenges of carbon taxes, especially in the context of institutional capacity, policy coherence, and stakeholder engagement. Despite the growing body of literature, research gaps remain regarding the interaction between governance structures and sustainable development objectives. This review highlights the need for interdisciplinary approaches combining environmental economics, political science, and public policy to address these challenges effectively. Additionally, this article provides insights that can guide policymakers and researchers in designing and evaluating carbon tax systems that not only mitigate climate change, but also align with broader sustainable development goals. This review serves as a foundation for future research on optimizing carbon tax systems to contribute to long-term environmental and economic sustainability
Trade Policy and its Role in Promoting Agricultural Production and Supporting the Trade Balance of Agricultural Products in Iraq for the Period 2003–2022
No full textTrade policy is one of the most important economic policies that affect agricultural production, through organizing import and export operations and supporting local producers using its various tools. Thus, the aim of the research is to study the reality of the agricultural sector in Iraq considering the trade policies followed during the period 2003-2022. What are the effects that these policies left on the agricultural sector, which contributed to the decline of the agricultural sector and a significant decline in agricultural production. In order to reach the goal of the research, the inductive and deductive approach was used in economic analysis by examining the reality of the agricultural sector and its development, the most prominent commercial policies followed and their impact on agricultural production, and knowing the most important reasons and successful policies in developing agricultural production in Iraq. The research concluded that agricultural production in Iraq has witnessed a noticeable deterioration in recent times due to trade policies and economic openness that made Iraq dependent on abroad to meet its food needs, as the contribution of the agricultural sector to the gross domestic product was very low, and the study also showed the presence of a deficit in the agricultural trade balance. This requires following a cautious trade policy by providing protection for the local product while supporting and developing the agricultural sector by following the latest technological methods, provided that this protection is temporary and gradual and that global experiences in this field are benefited from
Normative Mechanisms in the Papua Special Autonomy Policy Implementation Network
No full textPapua Special Autonomy (Otsus) is a policy with strategic value in the context of improving services, accelerating development, and empowering all people in Papua. In the policy implementation network, normative mechanisms are needed as a basis for the policy network. This study aims to analyze the normative mechanism in implementing the Otsus policy. Qualitative research methods were used in this study. Data collection methods include observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data sources consisted of primary and secondary data, while data analysis was conducted using interactive methods. The informants in this research are stakeholders who are directly involved in the implementation of the Otsus policy. The results of research on the implementation of Otsus policy show that normative mechanisms play an important role in shaping the behavior of actors in the policy network. In addition to normative rules such as regulations and standard operating procedures, cultural values and Papuan customary norms are also a reference in the implementation of affirmation programs. The implementation network is formed through collaboration between the local government, the Papuan People’s Assembly (MRP), and the community. However, there is often a conflict between customary norms and values and the formal government bureaucracy
The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Economic Development in Iraq
No full textThe research aims to determine the extent of the impact of artificial intelligence on economic development, and the research is based on the basic hypothesis of the extent and nature of the impact that artificial intelligence can contribute to economic development. Through answering questions like: What is artificial intelligence? What are the most important mechanisms by which artificial intelligence affects development? Has artificial intelligence had a positive or negative impact on economic development? The research has shown that artificial intelligence technology has a significant impact on production, employment, employment structure, marketing services, investment, consumption, agriculture, and other sectors. It also restructures the economy, as it enters as a factor of production - the specificity of artificial intelligence - and from here the relationship between artificial intelligence and economic development differs when artificial intelligence is viewed as a complementary factor of production. As is the case in developed countries, it can be viewed as a factor of production that has a substitution effect, as it negatively affects workers and exposes them to the risk of unemployment, as is expected in developing countries. The research reached a set of conclusions, perhaps the most prominent of which is the great similarity between human intelligence and artificial intelligence techniques, with its enormous ability to learn, analyze big data, and make decisions. All of this affected the process of accelerating the entry of technology into markets in the form of products without any assistance from the human factor. Artificial intelligence was unique in changing some economic concepts. This is due to the predictive ability of artificial intelligence, which enabled it to predict both demand and supply, and determine prices proactively. That is, making demand and supply more individual, making different markets more consistent; Because of its ability to process a huge amount of information; which makes rational expectations theory more valid
Distribution of Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah by Baznas East Java Province from the Perspective of Maqashid Syariah
No full textThe purpose of this study is to determine and analyze how Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah are distributed by the National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) in East Java Province from the perspective of Maqashid Syariah. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The data sources used are primary and secondary. Primary data was obtained through observation and interviews with several informants. Secondary data was obtained from websites, articles, journals, books, and other supporting documents relevant to this study. The results of the study indicate that the programs organized by BAZNAS East Java Province, through various programs to help people in need, include social assistance, education, economic, and other programs. Some of the programs organized include: assistance for orphans and the poor, housing improvement programs for uninhabitable houses, educational scholarships, free health services, and business capital assistance. The programs implemented by BAZNAS East Java Province fulfill the five aspects of maqashid syariah in both the short and long term and are sustainable. In maqashid syariah, the main objective is to protect the five main aspects of life (religion, intellect, lineage, soul, and wealth)
Measuring the Impact of Capital Market Structure Indicators on Financial Soundness
No full textThe research aimed to analyze the relationship between capital market structure indicators, such as the debt-to-equity ratio, foreign financing ratio, and equity multiplier ratio, and their impact on achieving financial soundness, as measured by the stability of financial institutions and their ability to avoid crises and protect investors, for the period 2011-2017 in the Iraqi economy. The research assumed that banks possess capital structure indicators that lead to the financial soundness of banks present in the Iraqi financial soundness market. Based on this, the research found clear variations among these banks during the same period. These variations indicate the potential impact of capital structure on financial soundness, which calls for further in-depth study to determine the nature of this impact and its determining factors. Accordingly, the research recommended that companies and banks attach utmost importance to strategically monitoring and improving capital structure indicators to achieve and enhance financial soundness and sustainable growth, taking into account market changes and various legislative requirements