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No Evidence for Reversed Publication Bias in Research on Intelligence and School Grades: Funnel Plot Asymmetry as an Artifact of Conditional Standard Errors
No full textReversed publication bias—the idea that politically sensitive findings may be selectively suppressed in favor of null effects—has recently gained attention in public and online discussions. Roth et al.’s (2015) meta-analysis of the association between intelligence and school grades (ρ = .54) has been frequently cited as supposed evidence, because its funnel plots appear to show larger correlations in studies with smaller sampling error. However, this study demonstrates that the pattern is entirely spurious. Reanalysis of the original data reveals that the asymmetry arises from the use of the conditional standard error of the correlation coefficient, which depends on the observed value of r and mechanically induces funnel-plot skew. When more appropriate methods, such as Fisher’s z-transformation with unconditional standard errors, are applied, the asymmetry disappears and Egger’s test becomes nonsignificant, t(238) = −1.41, p = .160. A complementary simulation study further confirms that conditional-error weighting can generate strong false signals of reversed publication bias and inflate total effect-size estimates even when no bias is present. Overall, these findings provide no evidence for reversed publication bias in research on intelligence and school grades. Using conditional standard errors of raw correlation coefficients in meta-analyses should be completely avoided
The emergence of emotion word comprehension in toddlerhood: Evidence from a looking-while-listening paradigm
No full textConsciousness Civilization Framework (CCF) — Canonical Project
No full textThis project functions exclusively as the canonical repository and lineage anchor of the Consciousness Civilization Framework (CCF). It does not propose, advocate, or enforce new norms, values, policies, or beliefs. Instead, it preserves and fixes the authoritative documentary record of an already-completed civilizational framework.
The Consciousness Civilization Framework (CCF) is a civilizational design architecture that addresses the structural limits of Material Civilization (MC) across relational, ethical, scientific, and systemic domains. It reframes ethical failure, relational collapse, and scientific impasse not as individual or cultural deficiencies, but as consequences of environmental, structural, and coordinate-level constraints.
All constitutional, scientific, and operational authority within CCF is fixed exclusively via DOI-registered canonical documents. This project exists solely to maintain their integrity, hierarchy, and lineage.
Canonical authority within CCF is governed by a fixed and non-derogable reference set, including:
• The Chronicle of the Consciousness Civilization (CCC v1.0)
• The Constitution of the Consciousness Civilization (CCC v1.0)
• The Constitutional Failure Design Index (FDI v1.0)
• The CC Operational Fixation Set v1.0
All future works or systems claiming alignment with CCF must explicitly trace documentary lineage to this project and remain strictly subordinate to its constitutional records.
Licensing Notice:
Licensing terms, reuse permissions, and legal conditions are defined exclusively within each DOI-registered canonical document. The OSF project itself does not grant, modify, or supersede any license
Electron Soliton and the 137-Layer Vacuum Structure-A Geometric-Dynamical Derivation of the Fine-Structure Constant
No full textThis study proposes that the fine-structure constant α is not an arbitrary value of nature, but a geometric constant derived from the impedance matching between an electron soliton (core) and a 137-layer vacuum shell.
The central arguments are threefold:
The electron soliton core possesses a minimum energy-charge coupling ratio required to maintain a single topological phase cycle (2π).
Described through equivalent phase current and voltage equations, this naturally yields the absolute core impedance:
Z_core = h / e²
The vacuum possesses a free-space impedance due to the 3D rotational averaging of the ε–μ orthogonal lattice:
Z_space = 120π
The minimum number of shells required for a reflection-free, stable match between the soliton core and the vacuum is N = 137.
In a cumulative series impedance model, the solution to the matching condition Z_core ≈ (N / 2) × Z_space indicates that the nearest integer stability point is N = 137.
Furthermore, the fine corrections for the shell structure are identified as:
ln(N) / N (Logarithmic correction based on harmonic decay)
224 / N³ (Correction for 16 tensor modes × 14 topological degrees of freedom)
The combination of these terms precisely forms the decimal components of α.
The final theoretical formula is:
α⁻¹ = 137 + ln(137)/137 + 224/137³
This yields a value of α⁻¹ ≈ 137.035999383..., which differs from the CODATA 2022 recommended value of α⁻¹(0) = 137.035999177(21) by approximately 2 × 10⁻⁷. This level of precision suggests a substantial agreement between the proposed model and experimental data.
The appendices demonstrate that this structure also reproduces the running alpha at the CERN/LEP Z-pole
Types of Patient Safety Incidents and Their Classifications in Healthcare Settings_ A Scoping Review Protocol
No full textThis project presents a scoping review protocol aimed at mapping and analyzing classification systems for patient safety incidents described in the scientific and grey literature. Patient safety incident classification systems, including terminologies, taxonomies, ontologies, and structured frameworks, play a critical role in standardizing reporting, supporting organizational learning, and improving healthcare quality and safety.
The review seeks to identify and characterize existing classification systems, examine their applications across different healthcare contexts, and analyze similarities, differences, and implications for communication, incident reporting, and prevention strategies. Additionally, the study aims to identify gaps and opportunities for harmonization of terminology and classification approaches in patient safety.
This protocol follows the methodological framework proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for scoping reviews and will be reported in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search strategy includes multiple databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, LILACS, SciELO, Cochrane Library) and grey literature sources such as WHO, AHRQ, and ontology repositories.
Studies published between January 1, 2020 and December 31, 2025, in any language, that develop, adapt, compare, or evaluate classification systems for patient safety incidents will be included. Data will be managed using reference management and screening tools, and results will be synthesized descriptively to provide a comprehensive mapping of the field.
The findings are expected to support researchers, healthcare organizations, and policymakers in improving standardization, comparability, and effectiveness of patient safety incident reporting systems
Quantum Inertial Field Hypothesis – Zero Dark Energy (QIFH-ZDE) with Pre-Catastrophic Inertial Response Considerations
No full textThis project presents the Quantum Inertial Field Hypothesis – Zero Dark Energy (QIFH-ZDE), a unified scalar framework proposing that gravitational and inertial phenomena emerge from a single inertial potential field generated by both mass-energy and zero-level vacuum fluctuations. The work emphasizes the continuity between internal inertial energy of matter and the surrounding quantum inertial field, providing a concrete operational window for experimental detection through pre-catastrophic inertial responses. The repository includes detailed field equations, numerical simulation frameworks, schematic illustrations, and guidelines for experimental observation, aiming to establish a falsifiable, testable foundation for the study of subtle inertial phenomena in non-equilibrium regimes
Evaluating a Novel Virtual Reality Stress Induction Against a Standardised Laboratory-Based Paradigm.
No full textTo observe and quantify authentic stress responses in experimental contexts, we need techniques that are under tight experimental control as well as convenient, replicable, ethical and flexible. While much progress has been made using traditional laboratory-based methods of stress induction, we suggest that there is great potential in applying virtual reality (VR) since it enables a diverse range of stressors to be consistently delivered in the form of rich and immersive experiences.
To validate these VR stressors, however, we must assess their psychophysiological impact and compare them to established lab-based paradigms. In the current study, we recorded the subjective responses to two virtual reality stressors (“Spiders” and “Horror”). Using a repeated measures design, levels of VR-induced stress were compared to a speeded arithmetic task with negative evaluative feedback (a modified version of the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST)) in healthy participants. For a subset of participants, basic physiological data (mean heart rate (HR) and respiratory frequency) are available.
Both MIST and VR produced significant increases in subjective ratings of stress, desire for avoidance, negative affect, and perceived threat, as well as in respiratory frequency. Sizes of effect were comparable across the stressors, apart from negative affect and perceived threat, which were greater for the MIST.
Overall, VR allows effective stress induction in healthy participants. Moreover, it was associated with a number of advantages, including convenience, and a lack of need for participant deception. These findings support the use of VR for inducing and exploring patterns of stress responses in humans