Journal of the Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic" SASA - Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic"
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THE EFFECTS OF SERVANT LEADERSHIP ON EMPLOYEES’ OUTCOMES IN THE SERBIAN HOTEL INDUSTRY
Full text linkModern human resource management involves a series of methods that ensure employee satisfaction, intending to achieve organizational goals. The perception of hotel staff as a factor of market success implies the creation of a working environment within which the performance of employees would be adequately used for these purposes. Consequently, the need for extensive research of leaders who will be able to respond to all business and social challenges arises as a basic prerequisite for achieving enviable business results. This paper aims to examine the impact of servant leadership on positive and negative outcomes in the field of hotel business. For the purposes of the survey, 412 hotel workers, employed in various hierarchical positions, were surveyed. The results of the research indicate a positive correlation between servant leadership and job satisfaction and work engagement, that is, a negative correlation between this leadership style and turnover intention and burnout. Furthermore, regression analysis confirmed the direct impact of servant leadership on job satisfaction and work engagement, as well as turnover intention. This study fills theoretical gaps in the aspect of choosing purposeful leadership styles in the sphere of hotel business in Serbia
USE OF WEB-BASED GIS APPLICATIONS IN GEOGRAPHY TEACHING—THE IMPLICATIONS FROM TÜRKİYE
Full text linkGeography, as a discipline which examines the earth, aims to increase analytical thinking skills by instilling spatial thinking (ST) skills in students. The youth who enrich a sense of space with these talents will effectively solve the spatial problems they encountered. In the modern world, where spatial issues are frequently being faced with, ST is extremely important for analyzing and interpreting data. Geographical information systems (GIS) appear as a method commonly used to process data and transform it into spatial information. In this context, despite the renewal of the secondary education (SE) geography curriculum in Türkiye, with the components required for the use of GIS at the SE level, prevented the use of GIS in SE from reaching the desired level. Developments in technologies have also caused significant changes in the field of GIS with the power of cloud technologies and, the work done in the personal computer environment has been moved to the internet environment. Web GIS applications, which can be used via a web browser, are much easier to use than desktop software and can reach many users from any device with the internet. Within the scope of the study, a sample application was designed to use web GIS tools in geography teaching. With the application, it is possible to assess the students’ achievements in the geography lessons regarding verbal and spatial data. Thus, it was aimed to ensure the active participation of the students in the geography lessons, develop their ST ability, and perception of space
HOW DO NEGATIVE DESTINATION IMAGE ELEMENTS AFFECT DOMESTIC TOURISM?
Full text linkDestination image perceptions have a strong impact on the visit intention of tourists. While positive representations of a destination affect this intention favorably, negative representations decrease it. During the first year of the pandemic, intensified tourist flows toward dominantly nature-based destinations influenced the increase of prices, crowdedness, and pressures on nature within them. These developments were covered by numerous media reports and were heavily present on social media, which is a strong channel for modifying image perceptions. This study aims to establish the strength of the presence of these negative image elements in the consciousness of tourists and the strength of the impact of these elements on the intention to spend the summer holiday in Serbia, as well as on the desire to spend the summer holiday at the seaside. During June and July of 2021, a survey was conducted among 234 participants. The collected data was analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM). It was established that all three negative elements are moderately present in the image perceptions of domestic destinations, whereby overpricing was determined to be slightly more present than the excessive amount of visitors and nature endangerment. Despite this, the studied elements do not pose a negative impact on the tourists' intention to spend the summer holiday in the country. A strong positive effect of the perceived expensiveness of destinations (ED) on the desire to go to the seaside (DGS) was established
URBAN GROWTH ANALYSIS USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES TO SUPPORT DECISION-MAKING IN ALGERIA—THE CASE OF THE CITY OF SETIF
Full text linkRapid urbanization in Algeria is causing significant problems, such as the emergence of unplanned neighborhoods, and local authorities need to apply modern tools like geomatics to monitor and update spatial planning databases to support sustainable development. More to the point, these tools—geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) are of assistance to update the spatial planning and development database so as to support the decision-making. In fact, for understanding the purpose of the process of urban growth in the region of the interior high plateaus, we chose the city of Setif as it represents an urban and economic pole in the region. Besides, economic activities exacerbate the phenomenon of rapid and unplanned urban growth alongside the environmental impact thereof. In the light of the obtained results, there exists a significant increase in urban lands and a significant decline in forests and agricultural lands, as the urban area has tripled from 10.4% in 1985 to 20.3 in 2003 and to 29.7% in 2021. At the same time, the agricultural area has then shrunk from 76.4% in 1985 to 65.8 in 2003 and to 55.5% in 2021, while the forest areas have decreased from 5.04% in 1985 to 4.4 in 2003 and to 2.3% in 2021
ASPECTS OF TOURISM SUSTAINABILITY ON ORGANIC FARMS IN SLOVENIA
Full text linkIn 2020, 957 tourist farms in Slovenia were offering accommodation and/or food and beverages. Due to the legal framework (the law requires a high minimum percentage of own production), the offer of Slovenian tourist farms is strongly linked to their own agricultural production and the local rural environment. The paper addresses various aspects of sustainable rural tourism, focusing on organic tourist farms. The research’s goal was to find out whether Slovenian organic tourist farms are more sustainable than other (non-organic) tourist farms in terms of the presence of various elements (environmental friendliness, biodiversity preservation and nature conservation, equity and social justice, economic success) of sustainable tourism. These elements were selected to address all the three dimensions of sustainability—environmental, social, and economic. The research used secondary sources data on organic production and various sustainable tourism practices on tourist farms (accessible tourism, sustainable tourism labels, links with protected areas, etc.) and some other relevant characteristics of these farms (the production of native and traditional crop varieties). In addition, a survey was conducted on a random sample of 129 tourist farms. The results have shown that the assumption of greater sustainability of organic tourist farms is valid, not only in the system of agricultural production, which is the legally established basis for labeling the farm as organic, but also from some other aspects (greater representation of sustainable labels, greater presence of native/traditional varieties and breeds, more frequent links with protected areas, etc.)
NIGHTTIME LIGHTS—INNOVATIVE APPROACH FOR IDENTIFICATION OF TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL CHANGES IN POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
Full text linkNighttime lights represent the result of satellite observation of the artificial lighting of human activities on the Earth from space during the night, which provides the excellent opportunity to determine their position, pattern, density, and spatial distribution. Such data have a high detail spatial and temporal resolution, which opens a wide range of possibilities for quantitative and qualitative analysis. In this paper, nighttime lights are used as a highly accurate dataset for indirect tracking of changes in temporal and spatial patterns of population distribution and activity in Serbia. Two indicators were applied—Lighted area and Sum of lights. They are calculated for local government units in Serbia, for 2015 and period 2015–2019. The results of the conducted analysis follow the conclusions of the existing knowledge on population distribution based on the official statistical data. Areas with a high share of lighted areas are dominantly urban and the most populated, while traditionally depopulated areas are with a low share of lighted areas. Sum of lights highlighted the distinction between developed and populated north and depressive and depopulated south of Serbia. General conclusion is that “dark has fallen in Serbia”, not only in peripheral and rural parts of the country, but in the smaller urban centers as well, and it is steadily spreading toward bigger urban areas. With nighttime lights application, this kind of process in terms of spatial disparities, its scope and dynamics can be easily identified, analyzed, and monitored
FOREST FIRES IN SERBIA—INFLUENCE OF HUMIDITY CONDITIONS
Full text linkThis study focuses on the possible impact of forest fires on the destruction of forests in Serbia. The variability of forest fires in NUTS 3 regions in Serbia was investigated. By analyzing the data for the period from 2009 to 2018, it can be concluded that there were pronounced oscillations in the number of forest fires and the size of the burned forest areas. It was determined that during the observed period, the maximum number of fires was recorded in 2012, and the minimum in 2014. The largest burned forest areas were 7,460 ha in 2012 and 2,036 ha in 2011, which is correlated with high air temperatures and lack of precipitation. The damage caused in the forest fire, expressed in m3 for the felled wood mass is the highest in 2012 and the lowest in 2010. The greatest threat to forest fires were in Raška oblast (Užice) and Zlatiborska oblast (Kraljevo), and the lowest were in Severnobanatska oblast (Kikinda), Zapadnobačka oblast (Sombor), and Srednjobanatska oblast (Zrenjanin). The correlations of forest fire occurrence dynamics and humidity conditions were observed on the basis of statistical indicators of the number of forest fires and the values of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). The number of forest fires, depending on the influence of humidity conditions is the highest in the dry season
THUFUR MORPHOLOGY WITHIN THE PONOR DEPRESSION (STARA PLANINA, SERBIA)
Full text linkThufur (earth hummocks) are small periglacial landforms typical for subpolar latitudes, as well as for the high alpine areas at lower latitudes. Their presence in the mountains of the Balkan Peninsula was spotted during the mid-20th century. In this paper we analyze morphometry and morphology of thufur in the context of physio-geographical conditions for their formation. The main aims are to inventorize the thufur in the study area and to determine the physio-geographical factors which enabled their formation at non-zonal elevations. Statistical analysis was performed on the sample of 305 thufur mapped in the field, measuring their circumference, height, and delineating their areas. Classification of the results revealed morphological varieties in terms of horizontal and vertical development. The elevation of the sampling location Ponor is 1,410 m a.s.l., which is considerably lower than the zonal periglaciation in Serbia, at approx. 1,900 m. Therefore, the role of relief as a climate modifier is analyzed in the context of conditions for the azonal development of periglaciation process. Topographical conditions for thufur formation were analyzed through slope inclinations and vertical dissection, determined using the Digital Elevation Model over Europe with 25 m resolution
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CARPATHIAN CONVENTION IN SERBIA—THE ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITY ASPECTS
Full text linkOne of the biggest and most important mountain ranges in Europe, the Carpathians, is being threatened by different human activities. The Framework Convention on the Protection and Sustainable Development of the Carpathians (the Carpathian Convention) represents one of the international efforts to protect the biodiversity of this area through multilateral cooperation. Serbia is one of the signatory parties, where the area protected by the Convention currently coincides with the Đerdap National Park (ĐNP) boundaries. Serbia mainly lags in protocol and amendment ratifications, which is suspected to hinder the potential benefits regarding the sustainable development of this region. By analyzing the selected sustainability indicators for the years 2003, 2011, and 2019 we tried to enlighten if developments were sustainable. The data were also presented by the spider evaluation method. Despite certain limitations in data availability, research showed that there are positive economic and environmental changes, despite depopulation and aging of local inhabitants. However, major efforts are still to be undertaken, especially regarding environmental sustainability and implementation of national and international regulation
CAVE ENTRANCE LOCATION MODEL USING BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION: THE CASE STUDY OF SOUTH GOMBONG KARST REGION, INDONESIA
No full textCave entrance data is crucial as the primary indicator in the underground river inventory of karst area. The data collection was traditionally conducted by field survey, but it is very costly and not efficient. Remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) can help estimate cave entrance locations more efficiently. This study aims to 1) determine variables to identify cave entrances using remote sensing and GIS approach, and 2) examine the accuracy of the cave entrance location model. Several remote sensing data and geological data were used including ALOS PALSAR Digital Elevation Model (DEM), DEMNAS DEM, topographic map, and geological map. Topographic elements were extracted by using toposhape and Topographic Position Index (TPI). Contour derived from topographic map showed the highest accuracy to extract topographic elements compared to ALOS PALSAR DEM and DEMNAS, hence it was used for further analysis. A binary logistic regression was applied to estimate the probability of cave entrances based on the variables used. The result shows that three topographic variables, i.e., ravine, stream, and midslope drainage, had a significant value for estimating cave entrance location. Using these three variables, a logit equation was formulated to generate a probability map. The result shows that cave entrances are likely to be located in a dry valley. The accuracy assessment using the field data showed that 52.78% of cave entrances are located at medium to high potential areas. This suggests that the moderate-high potential area can indicate potential water resources in the karst area