Journal of the Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic" SASA - Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic"
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SOCIO-ЕCONOMIC TRANSFORMATION OF ŠUMADIJA DISTRICT (SERBIA)
Full text linkThe paper starts from the hypothesis that the examined area is characterized by a process of intensive functional transformation accompanied by certain population changes. The transformation of the settlement structure is shown in the area of Šumadija district. The trend of demographic and economic development was observed with a historical overview. It was upgraded with quantitative analyzes (chain index, population change index, functional classification, index of specialization and localization) for the period 1971–2011. The aim was to determine the degree of socio-economic transformation of Šumadija district and the regularities according to which these changes took place. Industrialization generally brings changes in the functional orientation and redistribution of the population. The deagrarianization was one of the main features, with parallel emigration of the rural population. These changes were intensive in 1961–1981, when the peak of employment in secondary activities was registered. Since then, significant spatial transformation in Šumadija district was visible. Special analyzes were used to confirm the assumption that Kragujevac is a dominant labor center, an administrative and service nucleus, which has a propulsive influence on the development of its immediate surroundings (suburban belt) and the wider area (Šumadija district). The contribution of this paper is in the understanding of the scope, spatial distribution, and intensity of changes that have occurred in Šumadija district. It introduces the historical circumstances and quantitative research into a broader concept as a basis for understanding the trajectories of spatial and socio-economic development, and responds to many social challenges specific for this territory
THE IMPORTANCE OF TEACHING EQUIPMENT IN GEOGRAPHY CLASSROOMS
Full text linkThe main aim of the research was to determine teachers’ opinion on the importance of teaching equipment in geography classroom. The research was conducted during the school year 2020/2021. A total of 134 geography teachers from different districts in Serbia took part in the survey. In general, 57.5% of the participants stated that their school buildings have a specialized and separate geography classroom, while in other schools a classroom is shared between related subjects. It is interesting that 84.3% of the participants stated that in their classrooms they have internet at their disposal. Further, it was concluded that there is no statistically significant correlation between the availability of internet connection and the location of school (rural and urban). On the other hand, one of the biggest problems that 38.8% of the participants highlighted is that maps, which are essential for geography teaching, are approximately 20 years old. On average, the best grade for equipment is awarded to schools in the City of Belgrade (3.47) while the lowest grade is awarded to geography classrooms in Kosovo and Metohija province (2.00). On average, participants graded that their classroom equipment is “good” (3.02) while the importance of classroom equipment was graded with “very good” (4.49)
LOCAL POPULATION ANALYSIS IN THE FUNCTION OF THE PROTECTED AREA SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Full text linkAbstract: The paper analyzes the socio-economic potential of a protected area, as a key factor and a prerequisite for its potential development. The spatial framework of the research includes five settlements in the vicinity of the Special Nature Reserve "Carska bara", which for the purposes of this research are classified into two groups based on their distance from the fundamental phenomenon. The analysis of population sustainability included basic demographic indicators concerning the biological and socio-economic structure of the population, as well as its dynamics. Data considering the change in the number of inhabitants and types of general (total) movement of the population were collected and analyzed. A comparative analysis of the aging index was performed. To get a better picture of the economic structure, the economic activity (the share of the active and ″dependent″ population in the total) and the structure of the active population performing occupation by activity sections were analyzed. The current condition of social infrastructure facilities was also considered, as one of the indicators of the quality of life of the local population. The obtained results showed a rather pessimistic scenario. Taking into account the current demographic trends in Serbia, the census that will be taken in 2021 can only show an even more unfavorable picture
THE IMPACT OF INTEREST GROUPS ON GOVERNMENT SIZE—REGIONAL EVIDENCE FROM TURKEY
Full text linkThis study is aimed to investigate the regional pressure groups' effect on the government size in Turkey. According to the public choice theory, elections, political parties, interest and pressure groups, and bureaucracy significantly affect the public production process. Among these actors, pressure and interest groups directly affect variables such as economic growth and public expenditures. In this study, panel data analysis was used to observe the regional effect. The research data set covered 81 provinces of Turkey and the period between 2006 and 2018. According to the results, it was found that interest and pressure groups increase the public expenditures in the less developed regions in Turkey. These results are consistent with the empirical and theoretical studies. For this reason, the study has an important contribution to the literature. This study offers significant conclusions that public economic policies might be under the influence of interest and pressure groups. Even if stated that the results of this study might have many economic, demographic, social, and political reasons regarding Turkey, in the context of public choice theory, it could be seen as a significant indicator of not using public expenditure policies as efficient instruments. This situation shows that public resources are not used efficiently in Turkey and the government has a negative effect on the economy. To eradicate this negative effect, governments coming to power in the future ought to produce economic, political, and social policies in order to decrease the regional differences dramatically in Turkey
DIVERGENCE OR CONVERGENCE? THE CASE OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAV AREA
Full text linkEurope is differentiated socio-economically, both at the global and state level. The former Yugoslav republics are no exception. Due to cultural, religious, and developmental diversity, the area of the former Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia can be considered a microcosm of Europe as a whole. The decision to research in this area was taken because this group of independent states, formed part of a larger territory for nearly 70 years. The study covers the territory of former Yugoslavia and the period from 2000 to 2019. The coefficient of variation of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and Purchasing Power Parity (PPP; constant 2017 international $) showed the persistence of significant polarization of the relative measure of the regional differentiation. Using 21 statistical variables and applying the taxonomic method, we made a comparative assessment of the level of socio-economic development of individual countries. It is noteworthy that the value of the taxonomic measure of the regional socio-economic development of Slovenia is nearly forty times higher than that of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The comparison of the values of taxonomic measures of socio-economic development consistently points to a significant differentiation in the level of development in former Yugoslavia. It seems that a review of current actions and strategies in the area of sustainable development of this region is necessary
CREATING A LITERARY ROUTE THROUGH THE CITY CORE: TOURISM PRODUCT TESTING
Full text linkResearch on tourism routes is mainly focused on their development from the perspective of stakeholders, co-operation, and networking, but there are very few which explore them from the perspective of its users. In order to expand the tourist offer of Novi Sad (northern Serbia), one thematic route that promotes a part of the literary heritage was created. The aim of this study was to analyze the given literary route from a tourist perspective, checking out whether this route was created in a way that would satisfy its users. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted in which 50 students of tourism were divided into two simulated tours with a specialized tour guide. They were asked to use the ArcGIS application installed on their mobile phones to fill up a questionnaire about the literary route while moving through the selected checkpoints in the city center. The results provided answers to the questions like: whether the attractions of the given localities that the route links are properly selected, whether the thematic tour is good regarding the attraction order and whether it is in line with the growth of emotions of joy and positive surprise, which segments on the route should be improved in order to increase its quality, whether the route contributes to the tourist satisfaction that will create a desire for a route recommendation, and whether the route is appropriate to be offered to tourists, as well as to the locals. According to the preliminary results, the authors gave recommendations for the route improvement before its implementation on the tourist market
SPATIO-TEMPORAL PATTERN OF TROPICAL CYCLONES: THE CASE OF CYCLONES OF THE BAY OF BENGAL
Full text linkFor the last few decades, the generalized pattern of tropical cyclones has gone through an unstable system transformation in the global changing climatic scenario. Thus, the broad aim of this research work was to explore the spatio-temporal changing pattern of tropical cyclones in the basin of the Bay of Bengal between 1985 and 2019. Cyclone track information data have been collected from Emergency Events Database (EM-DAT) server and Bangladesh Meteorological Department. The loss and damage statistics has been collected from different published sources. Geographical distributional characteristics such as mean center and standard directional distribution have been explored using the spatial statistical tool of ArcMap. The mean geographic center has been identified near the district of Bhola and Patuakhali. The cyclonic occurrences in the research area are oriented north–west to south–east according to standard directional distribution. Hot spot analysis was used to identify the most affected parts in the study area and found that there are no significant hotspots, but the distribution pattern is rather random. However, there are two minor concentration zones in the study area, one near Barguna and another one near Sandwip coast. SPSS software was also used here to analyze the relationship between cyclonic events and the loss/damage scenarios of the study area. The relationship between cyclonic velocity and damage of life and livelihood showed a strong correlation of .804 with a significance level of 99% (p<.01). Random cyclonic trends and patterns indicate a change in this region's climatic variability over the past 35 years
THE GEOGRAPHY OF SERBIA—NATURE, PEOPLE, ECONOMY
Full text linkThe paper represents a review of the monograph entitled “The Geography of Serbia—Nature, People, Economy”, published in the scope of “World Regional Geography Book Series” by the Springer Nature Switzerland AG. The aim of the review is to present a prominent monograph of international significance to the scientific community and broader readership. The monograph contains all aspects of physical geography, demography, and regional development as well as related disciplines including historical and geopolitical context, and economy
THE ROLE OF EUROREGIONS AS A FACTOR OF SPATIAL INTEGRATION AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT—THE FOCUS ON THE SELECTED BORDER AREA
Full text linkThe political changes that affected the European area in the second half of the 20th century conditioned the development of European countries on the principle of Euroregions, as interesting creations of neighboring countries. Formed along the political borders of neighboring countries, Euroregions today play a significant role in the enlargement process of the European Union. At the end of the 20th century, the formation of Euroregions covered the area of the Western Balkans as well. Of particular interest are the so-called ”water Euroregions”, formed along the border of the Republic of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as instruments of economic development of border rural areas in the Podrinje region. The subject of the research analyzes the degree of development of border rural areas, as tourist destinations, before and after the formed Euroregions. The research refers to the destinations of the ”Serbian” Podrinje, which are more attractive and active for tourists. The aim of this paper is to determine the change and burden of rural border area due to the development of tourism, using the indicator of tourist operation (I.T.O.) and the tourist function indexes to measure the degree of development of a destination. The results of the research indicate that three types of tourist destinations have been developed in the studied area: destinations with almost non-existent tourist activity (<4), with small-scale tourist activity (4 – 10) and developed and eminently tourist destinations (40 – 100). The results are presented in the form of tables and figures
CORRIGENDUM ON THE EDITORIAL ON JUBILEE: THE FIRST 70 YEARS OF THE JOURNAL OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE “JOVAN CVIJIĆ” SASA
No full textCORRIGENDUM ON THE EDITORIAL ON JUBILEE: THE FIRST 70 YEARS OF THE JOURNAL OF THE GEOGRAPHICAL INSTITUTE “JOVAN CVIJIĆ” SASA. Published in Journal of the Geographical Institute “Jovan Cvijić” SASA, 71(1), 107–114. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI2101107